306 research outputs found
Timing is of the essence : perceptual and computational techniques for representing, learning, and reproducing expressive timing in percussive rhythm
No full textThesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Program in Media Arts & Sciences, 1993.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 130-136).by Jeffrey Adam Bilmes.M.S
THE THEOLOGICAL FOUNDATION OF ADAM SMITH'S WORK
No full textThe paper will discuss the theological foundation to Smith's writings. Teleology, final causes and divine design were initially seen as central to understanding Smith's writings. Over time, this view fell out of fashion. In the period after World War II, with the rise of positivism, commentators tended to overlook or downplay this interpretation. In the last decade, or so, teleology has started to be restored to its former position as an essential element in understanding Smith. After spelling out Smith's teleology and his view of final causes, divine design and the ends of nature, we try to explain the Panglossian nature of the 'new theistic view' of Smith. While our view differs somewhat, we agree with the essence of the 'new view' claim: a theological view exists in Smith which underpins his moral and economic theories.Political Economy,
Elevating Form over Substance: A Reply to Professors James Liebman, Jeffrey Fagan and Valerie West
No full textVanGrack\u27s recent Note, Serious Error with “Serious Error”: Repairing A Broken System of Capital Punishment, discussed problems that the author found with the study released in June 2000 by Professors James Liebman, Jeffrey Fagan, and Valerie West entitled A Broken System: Error Rates in Capital Cases. In this response, the author addresses a number of these concerns with the study’s authors in a public forum to elaborate on the previous comments and extinguish any misunderstandings they may have regarding any prior valid statements.
While certain differences of interpretation in terms of form versus substance exist between the authors of A Broken System and VanGrack, the author\u27s Note did not contain any misstatements, “inaccuracies,” or “statements with no credible support or basis.” Further, the fact that the Washington University Law Quarterly expressed “concern” over the authors’ letter to the journal’s Editor in Chief does not mean that the Law Quarterly or any person associated with the journal agrees with any of the authors’ assertions against the author\u27s Note. Whether such assertions are valid or not, one would hope that an established journal would (1) express “concern” if certain peers claimed that the journal had published misstatements, and (2) address those claims directly and in a public forum. This Reply will address, in order, the three areas of the Note to which the authors of A Broken System refer in their Rejoinder. Part II will discuss the Note’s assertion that the lack of availability of the data from A Broken System is problematic. Part III will address possible replicability of the study. And Part IV will further elaborate on problems with A Broken System’s state-by-state analysis, as well as my Note’s references to Virginia. Finally, it is important to recognize that the authors’ semantic complaints over the use of certain terms or words do not address the significant substantive problems of A Broken System as discussed in the author\u27s Note
ADAM-SDMH: A DAtaset from Manipal for Severity Detection in Tweets related to Mental Health
No full textReadme file for ADAM-SDMH: A DAtaset from Manipal for Severity Detection in Tweets related to Mental Health Generated on 2021-02-15Recommended citation for the dataset:P. Surana, M. Yusuf and S. Singh, "Severity Classification of Mental Health-Related Tweets," 2021 IEEE International Conference on Distributed Computing, VLSI, Electrical Circuits and Robotics (DISCOVER), 2021, pp. 336-341, DOI: 10.1109/DISCOVER52564.2021.9663651.******************************PROJECT INFORMATION******************************1. Title of dataset: Mental Health Dataset2. Author information:Praatibh Surana, Manipal Institute of Technology,Mirza Yusuf, Manipal Institute of Technology,Sanjay Singh, Manipal Institute of TechnologyPrincipal Investigators Name: Praatibh SuranaAddress: Manipal Institute of TechnologyEmail: [email protected]: Mirza YusufAddress: Manipal Institute of TechnologyEmail: [email protected]: Sanjay SinghAddress: Manipal Institute of TechnologyEmail: [email protected]. Date of data collection: Jan 2021 - Feb 2021************************************DATA ACCESS INFORMATION************************************1. Licences/restrictions placed on access to the dataset: CC BY 4.02. Links to publications that use the data:URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9663651,DOI: 10.1109/DISCOVER52564.2021.96636513. Links to a third party or secondary data used in the project (for example, existing datasets, third-party datasets)Pennington, Jeffrey et al. “GloVe: Global Vectors for Word Representation.” EMNLP (2014).DOI: https://doi.org/10.3115/v1/d14-1162*****************************************METHODS OF DATA COLLECTION*****************************************1. Describe the methods for data collection and/or provide links to papers describing data collection methodsPaper DOI :Our research revolved around correctly classifying tweets based on their severity in a mental health context. An effort was also made to make the models detect sarcasm better, as this was something that many models in the past failed to do. Our dataset consists of tweets labeled as ‘0’, ‘1’, and '2' depending on their classes. The labeling rules followed are given in Table 1TABLE 1 - SEVERITY CLASSIFICATION CLASSES AND EXAMPLES-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Class | Rules | Example | |0 | Helping / suggestion for mental health awareness | Are you suffering from anxiety? Check out this page for therapy through Skype! | / positivity / informative | | / motivational | | / questions about mental health | | |1 | Sarcasm/rant/expression of annoyance | Today was so annoying. If my teacher would have called my name, I swear to God I would have killed myself | |2 | Case of slight disturbance | All I am is a burden. I don’t want to live anymore. | / strong indication of disturbance | | / user outright mentions depression | | / anxiety / suicide / self-harm |-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------The following steps were performed for data collection:1) Tweets were extracted with the help of Twitter’s official API using hashtags such as #depression, #mentalhealth, #anxiety, #selfharm, #killmyself, and #kms from users.2) Around 40,000 tweets were extracted from Twitter between January and February 2021, out of which the final dataset comprised of 2460 tweets; 820 tweets were distributed equally amongst the three classes.3) Two authors manually annotated the dataset and cross-verified it to ensure accurate labeling.2. Data processing methods:A. Preprocessing1) Removal of numbers, URLs, usernames, and special characters: The first step after extraction of the tweets was ensuring that they were suitable for further use. The “preprocessor” uses the Python library to eliminate numbers, retweets, URLs, emojis, emoticons, and usernames, followed by duplicate tweets removal from the dataset.2) Stopword removal and expansion of standard abbreviations: We made use of Python’s “nltk” library for the removal of common stopwords such as “for,” “the,” “a,” etc. As our data is sourced from Twitter, lots of common internet abbreviations like “lol,” “kms,” “gn,”etc., were used. It was taken care of by converting these short forms to their corresponding complete forms. Lots of short forms like “wanna” for “want to” and “gonna” for “going to” were used. We ensured that these, too, were taken care of to the best of our abilities. 3) Removal of names, so that anonymity is maintained. Names of people, places, twitter handles anything that could compromise the anonymity has been removed, a token named as ‘[redacted]’ has been used in their place instead.*******************************SUMMARY OF DATA FILE*******************************Filename: MentalHealthTweets.csvShort description: This CSV File contains 2460 tweets annotated ‘0’, ‘1’ or ‘2’ based on the class they belong to.*******************************************************************DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR NOTE: This section should be copied and pasted for each file*******************************************************************1. Number of variables: 22. Number of cases rows: 24613. Missing data codes: NA4. Variable listThe variables and their properties have been provided in Table 2TABLE 2 - VARIABLE DESCRIPTION TABLE----------------------------------------------------------------------Variable Name | Variable Description | Variable Type | |tweets | Cleaned up tweet | String | |label | Annotation for tweet | Integer---------------------------------------------------------------------
The problem of mounting income inequalities in the world vis-a-vis the phenomenon of harmful tax competition. The ICIJ tracking down the greatest financial scandals of the 21st century
No full textIn May 2016, over 350 economists from thirty states signed a letter to global political leaders and the G-7 in particular, warning that tax havens are socially unfair and have no economic justification whatsoever. The author of the best selling Capital in the Twenty-First Century, Thomas Piketty, Professor of Columbia University, the adviser to the UN Secretary General Jeffrey Sachs and Professor of Princeton University and Nobel Winner, Angus Deaton, alongside many renowned academics, called to make the global tax system more transparent and to introduce regulations that would curb the activities of Offshore Financial Centers (OFCs). An NGO Oxfam International, which coordinated the writing of the letter, called upon global leaders to develop a joint standpoint to abandon the secrecy of business operations in tax havens and reveal what harms they bring. According to the analysts from Oxfam, Credit Suisse and UNCTAD, what is called tax optimization actually contributes to greater global income disparities, which are treated as the gravest global issue in the 21st century. The author refers to academic analyses and the results of the journalistic investigations of the International Consortium of Investigative Journalists (ICIJ) in an attempt to diagnose and examine those mutual dependencies and to present the various harms the procedure brings to economies and societies, and presents his own assessment and forecasts for the future.W maju 2016 roku ponad 350 ekonomistów z 30 krajów świata podpisało się pod listem do światowych liderów politycznych z grupą G-7 na czele, ostrzegając, że działanie rajów podatkowych jest nie tylko niesprawiedliwe społecznie, ale też nie ma współcześnie jakiegokolwiek uzasadnienia ekonomicznego. Autor bestsellerowej pracy naukowej Kapitał w XXI wieku Thomas Piketty, profesor Columbia University i doradca sekretarza generalnego ONZ Jeffrey Sachs, profesor Princeton University i laureat Nagrody Nobla Angus Denton oraz wielu innych cenionych autorytetów naukowych wezwali do wprowadzenia większej przejrzystości w globalnym systemie podatkowym i wprowadzenia regula cji ograniczających funkcjonowanie tzw. OFC. Także organizacja pozarządowa Oxfam International, która koordynowała stworzenie listu, wezwała światowych liderów do ustalenia wspólnego stanowiska w sprawie ukrócenia tajemnicy związanej z funkcjonowaniem spółek w rajach podatkowych, ujawniając szkody, jakie one przynoszą. Tzw. optymalizacja podatkowa w opinii cytowanych w artykule analityków Oxfam, Credit Suisse i UNCTAD przyczynia się do pogłębiania globalnych nierówności dochodowych, traktowanych jako największy problem globalny XXI wieku. Autor, powołując się na ww. analizy naukowe oraz wyniki śledztwa dziennikarskiego Międzynarodowego Zrzeszenia Dziennikarzy Śledczych (ICIJ), stara się zdiagnozować i przybliżyć te wzajemne zależności, ukazać wielorakie szkody, jakie proceder ten przynosi gospodarkom i społeczeństwom, prezentując własne oceny i prognozy na przyszłość
The transformation of gay life from the closet to liberation, 1948-1980: New York City’s gay markets as a study in late capitalism
No full textThis dissertation argues for the historical significance of markets, information, and the politics of queer consumption to the transformation of queer subjectivity and social life in the postwar era from the closet to Gay Liberation in New York City. My dissertation situates this history of transformation and mobilization within a period of broad shifts from a manufacturing, industrial-based economy to a service and information economy based on cultural production. In this context, I argue that the queer economy’s provision of social space, information (including new forms of cultural representation), and identities should be understood as an exemplary feature of late capitalism. Using the frameworks of institutional economics and economic history, urban history, and queer theory, this dissertation explores two distinct phases of the queer economy and the ways in which legal regulations and cultural norms convened and constrained queer markets, consumer culture, and the politics of identity. The first phase of the queer economy, from the late 1940s to the late 1960s, was essentially organized as an illicit and stigmatized market, to which queer consumers responded with cultural patterns based on concealment and evasion, or what Jeffrey Escoffier refers to as the segregation of public and private information characteristic of the “double life.” The second phase of the queer economy, from the late 1960s until about 1980, was characterized by decriminalization and destigmatization of queer markets, consumer and entrepreneurial activism and direct engagement with local politics, and the dynamics of gentrification. Central to the transition from the closet economy to the economy of Gay Liberation was the cultural production of information, including pop psychology and sociology, pulp novels, gossip columns and tabloid literature, Homophile publications, gay guides, and records of gay businesses and gay business associations. This dissertation explores this archive in order to show both the quantitative increase in information (and therefore public knowledge) about homosexuality and queer social life, as well as the qualitative shift in information, much of it produced by queers themselves, that repudiated the logic of criminalization and stigmatization and anticipated the mass “coming out” and political demands of Gay Liberation.Ph.D.Includes bibliographical referencesby Christopher Adam Mitchel
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Camille Saint-Säens' Piano Concerto No. 5 in F Major, Opus 103: An Analytical Study of Form, Compositional Techniques, and a Performance Perspective
No full textThe majority of books about Saint-Säens cover his life, compositions, contemporaries, and French music in general. Although his life is well documented, most sources present only brief analyses of his works; there is not one single comprehensive and exhaustive study of the Piano Concerto in F Major, Opus 103, available in the current literature. This study aims at filling the gap by providing other musicians interested in performing this piece with an initial study-guide. The research for this study focuses on several aspects of Saint-Säens' music. The currently available literature and past research is thoroughly examined, appraised, and quoted when relevant to the discussion. The original score of the concerto is analyzed regarding its form, compositional style, and performance indications. Diagrams, charts, and musical examples are presented to illustrate and substantiate the researcher's conclusions. Chapter I presents the topic and purpose of this study, a brief biography of Saint-Säens, a chronological overview of his five piano concertos, and the historical background of the Piano Concerto No. 5 in F Major, Opus 103. Chapter II presents a formal analysis and a compositional analysis of Opus 103. Chapter III presents a perspective of Saint-Säens playing style and performance recommendations by the author. Chapter IV concludes this study by determining the importance of Opus 103 in piano literature and by explaining the reason that performers with professional aspirations should consider including this concerto in their repertoire
Heuristic Study of Traveling Salesman Problem
No full textThis paper examines Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) and analyzes various algorithms that are used to solve the conundrum. It relates the problem of going to various points for package delivery systems, and the potential exponential increase in time costs as more stops are added. Then the paper uses C# and recreates a select number of algorithms from three main coding approaches, brute force, greedy, and dynamic programming. The paper then uses the information gathered to formulate an argument in favor of heuristic approaches in respect to time. Finding that although heuristic approaches tend to not always give the correct time, the drastic decrease in calculation time when further 'nodes' are added well make up for the chance of not having the exact answer. The author argues that a 'good enough' strategy is more than enough for most situations, and delivery route systems would benefit from a good enough approach when calculating the route for a delivery business. The paper then goes into attempting to develop another heuristic approach to TSP. After which, the writer concludes that although the created algorithm is not faster than the current most used heuristic approach stated, it demonstrates a drastic decrease in calculation time compared to absolute answers done by brute force methods
Tolerating the “doubting Thomas”: how centrality of religious beliefs vs. practices influences prejudice against atheists
No full textabstract: Past research has found a robust effect of prejudice against atheists in largely Christian-dominated (belief-oriented) samples. We propose that religious centrality of beliefs vs. practices influences attitudes toward atheists, such that religious groups emphasizing beliefs perceive non-believers more negatively than believers, while groups emphasizing practices perceive non-practicing individuals more negatively than practicing individuals. Studies 1–2, in surveys of 41 countries, found that Muslims and Protestants (belief-oriented) had more negative attitudes toward atheists than did Jews and Hindus (practice-oriented). Study 3 experimentally manipulated a target individual's beliefs and practices. Protestants had more negative attitudes toward a non-believer (vs. a believer), whereas Jews had more negative attitudes toward a non-practicing individual (vs. a practicing individual, particularly when they had a Jewish background). This research has implications for the psychology of religion, anti-atheist prejudice, and cross-cultural attitudes regarding where dissent in beliefs or practices may be tolerated or censured within religious groups.View the article as published at http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01352/ful
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