1,720,954 research outputs found
Kalapodi, Greece: the problem of frost at the archaeological site and the implementation of the TRIQUETRA programme
No full textIn central Greece, in today’s Fthiotis, where in antiquity Phokis bordered eastern Lokris and Boeotia, there is a sanctuary that is one of the most important of ancient Phokis. Systematic excavations were carried out in the sanctuary in the second half of the 20th century, under the direction of the German Archaeological Institute and they continue to this day. As part of the TRIQUETRA programme an integrated methodological model to protect archaeological remains at Kalapodi from frost is proposed. The TRIQUETRA project (EU HE research and innovation programme under GA No. 101094818) aims at creating an evidence-based assessment platform that allows precise risk stratification, and also creates a database of available mitigation measures and strategies, acting as a Decision Support Tool towards efficient risk mitigation and site remediation (Ioannidis et alii, 2024). This paper will present climatic data of Kalapodi together with materials analysis of the building materials of the sanctuary highlighting the frost problem
Ancient retaining walls: a contribution to the study of ancient building art
No full textThe dissertation is a study of ancient retaining walls as a contribution to ancient building art. It focuses on the ancient Greek world. The timeframe is broad, spanning the Neolithic Age to the reign of Emperor Hadrian, because the research investigated issues of continuity or discontinuity over time and of links between various examples at sites proximate to or distant from one another. Due to the scope of the subject, the research concentrated on specific representative or generally notable cases, in order to explore possible affinities, basic characteristics and principles. Some works stand out because of their size, others because of their rare or innovative form. Also taken into account were constructions which, as the analysis showed, have a retaining function even though this is not visible at first glance, such as fortifications and foundations. The collection of specific cases does not constitute an exhaustive corpus of related constructions but, rather, the strong underpinning for the historical and technical study of these works. The architectural drawing was the basic medium of documentation of the retaining structures and the interpretative presentation of their development. The Neolithic retaining wall establishes the characteristics that remain stable through time in the dry-stone walls that abound all over rural Greece. The Mycenaean period was, without doubt, a heyday for retaining structures. The unprecedented and widespread application of them appreciably widens the gamut of monuments that fall within the framework of the study. The Archaic period is marked by the reappearance of monumental architecture, for the first time in mainland Greece after the Mycenaean period. At the same time, thanks to advances in metalworking, hard stone was transformed into an easily modelled tool of expression, as is evident in particular in the large retaining structure of Delphi, a project of nodal importance for subsequent developments. After the Persian Wars, Athens is protagonist not only on the political stage of Greece but also in implementing grandiose building programmes. Prerequisite for the extensive building programmes on the Rock of the Acropolis was the raising of retaining structures of large area and great height. The dissemination of Hellenistic modes of architectural expression on a supra-local scale –in much the same way as the Greek ‘koine’ language was diffused, resulted on the one hand in the gigantification of the interventions in the natural landscape and on the other in the application of innovations. Notable in the Roman period is the introduction of new ways of construction that would gradually oust the ancient Greek gravity retaining wall.Αντικείμενο της διατριβής είναι η μελέτη των αρχαίων αναλημματικών τοίχων ως συμβολή στην αρχαία Οικοδομική. Η μελέτη έχει ως επίκεντρο ενδιαφέροντος τον αρχαίο ελληνικό κόσμο. Το χρονικό πλαίσιο είναι ευρύ, από τα νεολιθικά παραδείγματα έως την εποχή του Αδριανού, γιατί σκοπός της έρευνας ήταν να διαπιστωθούν θέματα συνέχειας ή ασυνέχειας στον χρόνο ή διασύνδεσης διαφόρων παραδειγμάτων που βρίσκονται σε κοντινές ή απομακρυσμένες μεταξύ τους θέσεις. Λόγω της ευρύτητας του θέματος, η έρευνα επικεντρώθηκε σε συγκεκριμένες αντιπροσωπευτικές ή εν γένει αξιόλογες περιπτώσεις έργων, προκειμένου να διερευνηθούν ενδεχόμενες μεταξύ τους συνάφειες, βασικά χαρακτηριστικά και αρχές. Κάποια έργα ξεχωρίζουν για το μέγεθός τους, κάποια άλλα για τη σπάνια ή καινοτόμα μορφή τους. Η έρευνα εστίασε και σε κατασκευές που, όπως έδειξε η ανάλυση, έχουν αναλημματικό χαρακτήρα, αν και όχι απόλυτα φανερό με την πρώτη ματιά, όπως οι οχυρώσεις και οι θεμελιώσεις. Η συλλογή συγκεκριμένων περιπτώσεων δεν φιλοδοξεί να αποτελέσει εξαντλητικό κατάλογο (corpus) των σχετικών κατασκευών. Αποτελεί, όμως, το ισχυρό υπόβαθρο για την ιστορική και τεχνική μελέτη αυτών των έργων. Κατά την έρευνα το αρχιτεκτονικό σχέδιο αποτέλεσε το βασικό μέσο τεκμηρίωσης των αναλημματικών τοίχων και ερμηνευτικής παράστασης της εξέλιξής τους. Αρχικά, ο νεολιθικός αναλημματικός τοίχος θεμελιώνει τα χαρακτηριστικά που παραμένουν διαχρονικά σταθερά στις αγροτικές ξερολιθιές που βρίσκονται παντού στον ελληνικό χώρο. Στη συνέχεια, η μυκηναϊκή περίοδος αποτελεί αναμφισβήτητα περίοδο ακμής των αναλημμάτων. Η πρωτοφανής εφαρμογή των αναλημμάτων σε πλείστες εφαρμογές (οδικά έργα, φράγματα, οχυρώσεις, ταφική αρχιτεκτονική, θεμέλια ανακτόρων) διευρύνει σε μεγάλο βαθμό τις δυνατότητες παρουσίασης μνημείων που εντάσσονται στο θέμα της έρευνας. Την αρχαϊκή περίοδο επανεμφανίζεται για πρώτη φορά στην ηπειρωτική Ελλάδα μετά τα μυκηναϊκά χρόνια η μνημειακή αρχιτεκτονική, που υπηρετεί κυρίως τον προστάτη θεό της πόλεως-κράτους ή των πανελλήνιων ιερών. Ταυτόχρονα, χάρη στις εξελίξεις στη μεταλλοτεχνία ο σκληρός λίθος μετατρέπεται σε εύπλαστο εργαλείο έκφρασης, κάτι το οποίο εκφράζεται ιδιαίτερα στο μεγάλο ανάλημμα των Δελφών, έργο κομβικής σημασίας για τις μεταγενέστερες εξελίξεις. Μετά τους Περσικούς πολέμους η Αθήνα πρωταγωνιστεί πλέον τόσο στην πολιτική σκηνή της Ελλάδος όσο και στην υλοποίηση μεγαλεπήβολων οικοδομικών προγραμμάτων με προϋπόθεση την ανέγερση μεγάλων σε έκταση και σε ύψος αναλημμάτων. Την ελληνιστική περίοδο η διάδοση των ελληνικών τρόπων αρχιτεκτονικής έκφρασης σε υπερτοπική κλίμακα, με τον τρόπο που διαδόθηκε η κοινή ελληνική γλώσσα, και κυρίως η επένδυση του πλούτου της Ανατολής όχι μόνο για τους βασιλείς ή για τους θεούς, όπως συνέβαινε παλαιότερα, αλλά και για τους πολίτες μέσω της ίδρυσης των βασικών ελληνικών συστατικών της πόλεως (θέατρο, βουλευτήριο, γυμνάσιο) είχαν ως αποτέλεσμα αφενός τη γιγάντωση των παρεμβάσεων στο φυσικό περιβάλλον και αφετέρου την εφαρμογή καινοτομιών. Τη ρωμαϊκή εποχή παρατηρείται η εισαγωγή νέων τρόπων δομής που σταδιακά θα εκτοπίσουν τον αρχαίο ελληνικό αναλημματικό τοίχο βαρύτητας
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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