Riviste Online SApienza - R.O.SA - 2 (Sapienza University of Rome)
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Venere Stefania Sanna, Cristina Capineri, Giacomo-Maria Salerno, Michela Teobaldi, Citizen Science, territorio e comunità: prospettive geografiche per la ricerca e azione, Firenze, Firenze University Press, Siena, USiena Press, 2025, pp. 196
No full textLa ciudad es nuestra. La dimensione comunale della Transizione spagnola alla democrazia
No full textThis article analyzes the municipal dimension of the Spanish Transition to Democracy, an aspect that only in recent decades has been visited more thoroughly by historiography. Since the mid-1990s and especially in the new millennium, the importance of the local political sphere in the more general dynamics of political change from dictatorship to democracy has been recognized. Spanish cities, particularly metropolitan areas, were, in fact, a decisive setting for the conflict between dictatorship and opposition since the mid-1960s. In this context, neighborhood committees (set up in 1964) represented a very powerful driving force in the process of erosion of Francoism. They politicized the struggles for essential services and acted as real “schools of democracy”, forming a new municipal ruling class, especially of leftist opposition parties. The first democratic municipal elections, held on April 3, 1979, marked a clear victory for the oppositions in the majority of large cities. The new governing majorities – often articulated by leftist and nationalist forces – inaugurated policies of strong discontinuity with the dictatorship in such important concrete areas as public services and urbanism but also in such symbolic dimensions as toponymy. This process represented the first experiment in political alternation in the very young Spanish democracy
Microleptinae, a new subfamily for the fauna of Italy (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae)
Full text linkThe Darwin wasp subfamily Microleptinae is reported for the first time in Italy, with Microleptes obenbergeri Gregor, 1938 discovered in Lombardy and Tuscany. This was the only subfamily of Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera) of the European fauna not yet recorded for the country
Landslides inventory map of the roadway SS103 in Southern Apennines (Italy)
No full textLandslides represent one of the main processes affecting mountainous and hilly landscapes, and within the context of geological hazard, they can cause the damming of many paths and roads, hindering the movement of people and goods. Landslide inventory maps specifically created along roadways, serve as the fundamental knowledge tool for designing interventions. The paper deals with the mapping of landslides distribution along the roadway SS103 “Val d’Agri” which is a relevant thoroughfare crossing the Campania and Basilicata regions, in southern Italy. The mapping is realized in a 71 km long transect, considering a width of 2 km to allow for the complete mapping of landslide bodies intersecting with the road infrastructure. Field surveys and UAV images were used to map landslides, in a landslide inventory map at 1:5000 scale. Lithology and slope features were primarily considered to divide the transect into 15 homogeneous sectors. The investigation allowed us to detect more than 2300 landslides which were classified on movement types and state of activity. Results show that the largest number of landslides occurred in sandstone and clayey lithologies, bothin mountain and hill landscapes. This landslides inventory map represents the basic tool for further hazard investigation
Cities and the Hope of a New World Order. The United Towns Organization Between Mediterranean Europe and Latin America (1984-92)
No full textThis article explores the history of transnational city networks, which today form a vast ecosystem connecting cities around the world, giving them a voice in international arenas (United Cities and Local Governments [UCLG], ICLEI, C40, etc.). Their massive proliferation, observed since the 1990s, builds on a long history of structuring a European and transatlantic municipal web, which began in the 19th century. However, research has paid little attention to the evolution of these municipal movements in the late 20th century, particularly their expansion towards the “Global South”. This article focuses on the United Towns Organization (which later gave birth to UCLG in 2004), an association historically rooted in Mediterranean Europe, and analyzes its expansion in Latin America during the 1980s. The author shows that this invention of new urban policy circuits was primarily based on geopolitical dynamics. It was driven by French and Catalan left-wing forces, which, at a time when authoritarian regimes were losing ground, sought to link local governance reforms to a will to spread democracy worldwide.
New host, old tactic: first record of the parasitism on allochthonous Hierodula oothecae by Mantibaria seefelderiana in Europe (Mantodea: Mantidae; Hymenoptera: Scelionidae)
No full textThis study reports the first record of parasitic activity by Mantibaria seefelderiana (De Stefani, 1891) (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) in Italy targeting Hierodula patellifera (Audinet-Serville, 1839), an alien mantid species of Asian origin that has spread in several regions of the country. M. seefelderiana, known for its specialization as a mantis oothecal parasitoid, had not previously been associated with exotic hosts in the Italian territory. Observations were conducted between summer and autumn 2024 in urban and peri-urban environments in northern Italy. Adult specimens of M. seefelderiana were found on several adult females of H. patellifera, suggesting active host-seeking behavior. Furthermore, the parasitism process on the oothecae was directly observed and documented — photographically and through video recordings — for the first time, confirming H. patellifera as a possible suitable host. This finding represents a notable example of trophic interaction between a native parasitoid and an introduced mantid species, with potential implications for the population dynamics of invasive mantids and the adaptive flexibility of native natural enemies. This record expands current knowledge of the biology of M. seefelderiana and provides a foundation for future research into its possible role as a natural control agent against non-native Mantodea in Europe
Beneath the surface: detecting soil instability and subsidence risks with ERT and seismic refraction
No full textThe dominant geotechnical challenge in deltaic zones stems from subsidence because water-saturated soft soils lead to structural failures in buildings. ERT and Seismic Refraction methods were utilized to identify sub-surface conditions at Niger Delta University Amassoma after one of its buildings collapsed into the ground. The sub-surface contains three different layersof soil with resistivity measurements between 0.453 Ωm and 145 Ωm that represent different levels of moisture content and earth composition. Seismic refraction analysis shows shear wave velocities (Vs) between 128.23 m/s and 230.59 m/s in the upper 13.6 m, correlating with weak, highly compressible soils. N-value analysis demonstrates weak soil strength because N-values show an increase from 2.09 to 3.71 in the upper layers before reaching 9.97-11.43 at deeper levels which signifies improved stability. The results suggest that the collapsed/inking building’s foundation was most likely built on unstable, low-strength soils prone to settlement and failure. This study emphasizes the importance of deep foundation designs and soil improvement strategies for reducing subsidence hazards in similar conditions. The integration of ERT and seismic refraction provides a comprehensive assessment of subsurface instability, offering valuable insights for geotechnical engineering and safer construction in deltaic regions
Climate change and archaeological heritage: risk identification and monitoring of a lakeshore archaeological site in Smuszewo (Poland) - A case study
No full textThe aim of this paper is to present a multi-level approach to risk identification and monitoring strategies for the lakeshore archaeological sites. Within a range of the cultural heritage typologies that are addressed by the TRIQUETRA project, the Late Bronze Age/Early Iron Age fortified settlement at Smuszewo (Poland) occupies a transitional position between mainland and water environment. Archaeological excavations and other surveys conducted between the 1950s and 2010s revealed wellpreserved wooden structures on land and on the east shore of Czeszewo Lake. Crucial to their preservation is the waterlogged environment which is directly related to the condition of the lake, water balance and particularly the water level. The problem of deteriorating water conditions (e.g. decreasing water level) in neighboring areas - resulting in recurrent droughts – has already been identified. However, its impact on the fragile wooden relics of the fortified settlement has not yet been assessed
Cantharidin? Who cares! First record of Trichodes feeding on toxic blister beetle (Coleoptera: Cleridae and Meloidae)
No full textMany insects produce and secrete toxic compounds as an anti-predatory strategy. Among beetles, members of the family Meloidae produce cantharidin, a highly toxic terpene well known for its traditional use in popular pharmacology and for its potential use in anti-cancer therapies. This compound is so toxic to avoid predation on Meloidae by most vertebrates and invertebrates. Here we report the first case of predation by Cleridae on blister beetles, specifically by the predator Trichodes crabroniformis on Mylabris variabilis, whose cantharidin content is well known. Only a few other species are known to prey on blister beetles or to be attracted by cantharidin (canthariphilous), which they can ingest and use for different purposes (e.g. defense, female attraction etc.). However, nothing is known about how cantharidin can be transported within these organisms without causing tissue damage. Increasing the knowledge on species that are not damaged by this substance might be relevant for studying the molecular basis of cantharidin tolerance. This might be of great importance also for human medicine, for example for the development of drug delivery systems for cantharidin-based drugs avoiding collateral effects
Pseudomeloe maculivertex n. sp. of Pyrotini from the Antofagasta Region, Chile (Coleoptera: Meloidae)
No full textA new species of Pseudomeloe Fairmaire & Germain, 1863 (Coleoptera: Meloidae), P. maculivertex n. sp., is described from the Andean valleys of the Antofagasta Region, northern Chile. It is compared with a similar Chilean species; photographs of adults, male genitalia and habitat of the new species are provided, and a map of its known geographic distribution is presented