1,720,955 research outputs found
Tourism in the policy of the European Union
No full textLink archiwalny https://depotuw.ceon.pl/handle/item/328
Tourism in the policy of the European Union
No full textPrzedmiotem rozprawy doktorskiej jest turystyka w polityce Unii Europejskiej – jej znaczenie dla organizacji, wpływ elementów zewnętrznych i wewnętrznych na turystykę przyjazdową do Unii Europejskiej, a także możliwości ustanowienia ewentualnej wspólnej polityki Unii Europejskiej w tym zakresie.
Badanie wyżej wymienionych zagadnień, stanowiących temat rozprawy następuje poprzez analizę kompetencji instytucji unijnych w zakresie turystyki, instrumentów prawnych i finansowych Unii Europejski, a także polityk unijnych, które wpływają (bezpośrednio lub pośrednio) na turystykę w państwach członkowskich Unii Europejskiej i mogą stanowić w dalszej perspektywie podstawy dla ustanowienia instrumentów przewidzianych stricte dla unijnej polityki turystycznej.
Temat rozprawy doktorskiej – Turystyka w polityce Unii Europejskiej jest istotny dla nauk
o polityce. Decyduje o tym przedmiot pracy, czyli umiejscowienie turystyki w polityce Unii Europejskiej i państw członkowskich oraz ewentualny proces kształtowania się wspólnej polityki Unii Europejskiej w zakresie turystyki. Poza tym bieżące problemy, opisywane w pracy jako wpływające na turystykę w polityce Unii Europejskiej, mają charakter uniwersalny i mogą odnosić się również do kształtowania się innych polityk unijnych.
Praca badawcza została zakończona w grudniu 2017 roku. Dlatego wszelkie działania opisywane po tym okresie zostały wskazane w rozprawie jako plany. Informacje te zostały pozyskane głównie na bazie dokumentów strategicznych oraz wywiadów eksperckich. Rok 2020 uznano za kończący rozważania niniejszej rozprawy doktorskiej ze względu na fakt zakończenia perspektywy finansowej 2014 – 2020.
W rozprawie doktorskiej zakłada się zweryfikowanie hipotezy, mówiącej że uwzględniając aktualny status prawno-ustrojowy Unii Europejskiej, jak i jej sytuację budżetową nie będzie możliwe ustanowienie polityki turystycznej Unii Europejskiej do 2020 roku, ze względu na istniejące bariery normatywne, instytucjonalne i funkcjonalne jej urzeczywistnienia. Należą do nich zarówno bariery dotyczące ustanowienia turystyki przedmiotem sektorowej polityki unijnej jak i takie problemy, które negatywnie wpływają na integrację europejską.The subject of the doctoral dissertation is tourism in the policy of the European Union – its importance for organisation, the influence of the external and internal factors on the inbound tourism of the European Union and also the possibility of establishing potential tourism policy of the European Union.
The research into the aforementioned issues, constituting the subject of the dissertation, has been conducted through analysis of competences of the Union institutions within the scope of tourism, legal and financial instruments of the European Union and also through analysis of already existing instruments within the framework of Union policies, which influence (directly or indirectly) tourism in the Member States of the European Union and in a long-term perspective can constitute grounds for establishing instruments foreseen strictly for the tourism policy of the Union.
The subject of the doctoral dissertation – Tourism in the policy of the European Union is significant for the political science as it focuses on the position of tourism in the policy of the European Union and its Member States and possible process of shaping common policy of the European Union within the scope of tourism. What is more, current problems, described in this paper as having an impact on tourism in the policy of the European Union, are universal and can also relate to the shaping of other Union policies. Therefore, the dissertation can prove useful also for researchers of other policies of the European Union.
The research work ended in December 2017 and due to this fact all actions described after this period were indicated as plans in the dissertation. The information was obtained mainly on the basis of strategic documents and expert interviews. The year 2020 was considered as the ending of the deliberations of this doctoral dissertation due to the ending of financial perspective 2014-2020 (Union funds and programmes of the European Commission).
In the doctoral dissertation the assumption is made concerning the verification of the hypothesis stating that taking into account the current legal and structural status of the European Union, as well as its budget situation, it will not be possible to establish tourism policy of the European Union by 2020 due to existing normative, institutional and functional barriers. These barriers include barriers concerning establishing tourism as the subject of sectoral Union policy as well as such problems that have a negative impact on the European integration
Konieczność współpracy Grecji z Turcją w rozwiązaniu kryzysu migracyjnego w Europie
Get PDFThis thesis is about the necessity of strong cooperation between Greece and Turkey to solve migration crisis in the European Union. The wave of illegal immigrants to Greece started in 2010. Migrants come to Greece trough the territory of Turkey. Greece and Turkey in 2001 have signed a readmission agreement. On 16 December 2013 Turkey and European Union signed another special readmission agreement. However as a breakthrough we may see an extraordinary summit between European Union and Turkey in 2016. In a few weeks (April 2016) from the summit we may say that it has brought positive changes. However, to solve migration crisis in Europe there must be full cooperation between Greece and Turkey based on trust and respect.</p
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
- …
