1,721,079 research outputs found
A career ecosystem perspective on societal and organizational characteristics and careers to the top in higher education
No full textThe context in which careers develop is attracting increasing scholarly attention. Building on career ecosystem theory, we examine how societal and organizational actors within career ecosystems influence the development of careers. In our study of university leaders in 60 countries, we find that career trajectories are more similar within than across countries and that the overall organizational context relates to the similarity of career trajectories within the career ecosystem. We identify six distinct career patterns to the top of organizations within the ecosystem of higher education (e.g., ‘university president’ or ‘rector’). Furthermore, we identify several societal and organizational characteristics that are related to the prevalence of specific career patterns. Key findings include that academic leaders' careers tend to follow career patterns within the same organization in countries with low power distance, low labour market flexibility and low meritocracy, as well as in universities with less research focus. Our findings add to the literature on career ecosystems and advance the understanding of career paths to the top of organizations, using the case of academic careers
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
What if we were Texas sharpshooters? Predictor reporting bias in regression analysis
No full textThe author analyzes reporting biases in regression analyses. The consequences of researchers’ strategy to select significant predictors and omit nonsignificant predictors from regression analyses are examined, focusing on how this strategy—labeled the Texas sharpshooter (TS) approach—creates a predictor reporting bias (PRB) in primary studies and research syntheses. PRB was demonstrated in simulation studies when correlation coefficients from several primary regression studies with an underlying TS approach were aggregated in meta-analyses. Several important findings are noted. First, meta-analytical effect sizes of true effects can be overestimated because smaller, nonsignificant findings are omitted from regression models. Second, suppression effects of correlated predictor variables create biased effect size estimations for variables that are not related to the outcome. Finally, existing small effects are concealed, and between-study heterogeneity can be overestimated. Results show that PRB is contingent on sample size. While PRB is substantial in studies with small sample sizes (N 500) are analyzed. Preconditions and remedies for reporting biases in regression analyses are discussed
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Careers and career patterns of international managers
Full text linkBei zunehmender Internationalisierung ergeben sich für Unternehmen vermehrte Koordinationserfordernisse zwischen dem Stammhaus im Inland und den verschiedenen Auslandsgesellschaften. Die Auslandsentsendung von Führungskräften ist ein möglicher Weg, diesen Erfordernissen erfolgreich zu begegnen. Allerdings wurden die langfristigen Auswirkungen eines Auslandseinsatzes von Führungskräften auf deren Karrieren bislang kaum empirisch untersucht und die wenigen vorliegenden Ergebnisse sind defizient und zudem widersprüchlich. In dieser empirischen Untersuchung wurden Führungskräfte mit (n=159) und ohne internationale Erfahrungen (n=73) verglichen. Es zeigte sich, dass internationale Erfahrungen zu einem höheren subjektiven und objektiven Karriereerfolg führen. Weiterhin konnte ein positiver Einfluss der Personalentwicklung als unternehmensseitiges Entsendungsziel und der Bedeutung der Auslandsgesellschaft auf den Karriereerfolg durch internationale Tätigkeiten nachgewiesen werden. Zur Analyse der Karrieremuster wurden bestehende Typologien von Borg (1988), Mayrhofer (1996) sowie von Banai und Harris (2004) überprüft. Ergänzend erfolgte die Entwicklung eigener Taxonomien mit der Optimal Matching Analyse. So konnten verschiedene Karrieremuster abgegrenzt werden. Beispielsweise lassen sich globale Führungskräfte mit Berufserfahrung fast ausschließlich im Ausland und internationalen Karrieristen mit ungefähr einem Drittel der Berufserfahrung im Ausland kontrastieren. Letztere unterscheiden sich u.a. durch einen höheren objektiven Karriereerfolg, eine höhere Karriereorientierung und eine lange Unternehmenszugehörigkeit
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