1,720,976 research outputs found
Knowledge translation in the medical field among different stakeholders. A case study in oncology
No full textIntroduction. Knowledge Translation (KT) is defined as the synthesis, exchange and application of knowledge to foster the benefits of global and local innovation. In healthcare and medicine, KT is an increasingly relevant topic, as recognized by the growing number of publications. While the traditional definition of KT recalls the need to translate scientific research into clinical practice, other types of KT emerge. More in details, they concern the interaction of actors with different skills and feelings, who find themselves working together to achieve a common outcome. The paper aims to understand the dynamics and tools of KT by analyzing the case of an Italian Breast Unit. Materials and methods. The paper uses a methodology based on a case study relating to the IRCCS CRO - National Care Institute Center for Oncological Reference of Aviano. Multiple information sources are used to collect, triangulate, and verify data. Results. The analysis allows to divide the stakeholders into two groups: a first professional or internal group, characterized by a common healthcare background, and a second non-professional or external group, which gathers actors with various skills, needs, and feelings. The two groups use profoundly different tools and methodologies to translate knowledge effectively. Discussion. While the first group translates knowledge internally using more explicit tooles, and benefits from the team’s durability, the second group needs more creative methodologies, many of which are based on language and interpersonal skills. The temporary nature of relations with the BU of this latter group requires the use of always different and innovative tools
Patient engagement in rehabilitation path after breast cancer surgery: Costs impact. State-of-the-art and new perspectives
No full textIntroduction. The Italian Association of Medical Oncology (AIOM) and the Italian Association of Cancer Registers (AIRTUM) highlight that one out of three women experiences cancer in the course of her life. In 2018, excluding skin cancers, breast cancer accounted for 14.1% of total cancers, confirming it as the most diagnosed cancer among women (29.3%). In the postoperative stage, patients suffer side effects. They need immediate and active rehabilitation to encourage their return to work as well as the psychological recovery. The effectiveness and speed of this recovery, therefore, have significant impact in the short and long term, also for the society. The rehabilitative oncology path increases its positive effects if carried out through co-productive pathways. The economic impact of this process is unclear. Materials and methods. An exhaustive literature search was performed to shed light on state of the art about the patients’ engagement during the rehabilitation path after breast cancer surgery, focusing on the literature analyzing the impact that co-productive processes can have on costs. Eligibility criteria: papers and reviews published in English and Italian were searched in Scopus and PubMed/Medline, among other datasets. Inclusion criteria: dealing with economic effects resulting from patient engagement or following post-breast cancer oncology rehabilitation. Results. 24 papers have been selected. The review of the literature has revealed a lack of contributions on the economic impact of the patient engagement in the oncological rehabilitation path, taking into account the impact on costs, but not developing a more detailed study. The back-to-work issue and psychological effects are widely investigated. No studies have been conducted in Italy. Discussion. The analyzed literature did not identify the economic impact that patients’ engagement may have during rehabilitation, opening up new research questions. Co-production processes are starting to develop
Post Breast Cancer Coaching Path: A Co-production Experience for Women
No full textBreast cancer is one of the most relevant diseases for women all over the world. Statistics claim that 1 out of 8 women experiences breast cancer in her life. The Irccs Cro- National Care Institute Center for Oncological Reference of Aviano, Italy, is one of the leading hospitals in Europe for breast cancer surgery. Physical rehabilitation is essential for social and works reintegration of oncological patients. The National Cancer Institute Center of Aviano declares that the support for physical and psychological recovery is one of its main principles. In 2018 the Center launched a brand-new program for the rehabilitative path for women who underwent breast cancer surgery. The program follows a co-production process, involving the female patients directly in the planning and provision of services that create value for them. The program aims at combining healthcare and fitness, planning physical exercises after the surgery, and monitoring the results through specific apps. Results of the co-production process lead to a significant outcome for female patients, helping them to recover faster both from a physical as well as psychological way. Moreover, data collected from the experience of the National Cancer Institute Center of Aviano can enhance the knowledge about better recovery after breast cancer surgery for women all around the globe
Crossing the AI Chasm in Neurocritical Care
No full textDespite the growing interest in possible applications of computer science and artificial intelligence (AI) in the field of neurocritical care (neuro-ICU), widespread clinical applications are still missing. In neuro-ICU, the collection and analysis in real time of large datasets can play a crucial role in advancing this medical field and improving personalized patient care. For example, AI algorithms can detect subtle changes in brain activity or vital signs, alerting clinicians to potentially life-threatening conditions and facilitating rapid intervention. Consequently, data-driven AI and predictive analytics can greatly enhance medical decision making, diagnosis, and treatment, ultimately leading to better outcomes for patients. Nevertheless, there is a significant disparity between the current capabilities of AI systems and the potential benefits and applications that could be achieved with more advanced AI technologies. This gap is usually indicated as the AI chasm. In this paper, the underlying causes of the AI chasm in neuro-ICU are analyzed, along with proposed recommendations for utilizing AI to attain a competitive edge, foster innovation, and enhance patient outcomes. To bridge the AI divide in neurocritical care, it is crucial to foster collaboration among researchers, clinicians, and policymakers, with a focus on specific use cases. Additionally, strategic investments in AI technology, education and training, and infrastructure are needed to unlock the potential of AI technology. Before implementing a technology in patient care, it is essential to conduct thorough studies and establish clinical validation in real-world environments to ensure its effectiveness and safety. Finally, the development of ethical and regulatory frameworks is mandatory to ensure the secure and efficient deployment of AI technology throughout the process
Covid-19 and front-line nurses' mental health: a literature review
No full textOBIETTIVO: La pandemia da Coronavirus (Covid-19) ha causato una grave crisi sanitaria che ha coinvolto milioni di persone e messo in quarantena metà della popolazione mondiale. L'emergenza sanitaria da Covid-19 ha visto gli operatori sanitari in prima linea affrontare tutte le difficoltà legate all'onere della cura e alla riorganizzazione delle procedure, ruoli, e strumenti a livello ospedaliero. Uno degli aspetti più significativi e probabilmente sottovalutati è lo stress psicologico del personale infermieristico in prima linea. L'obiettivo dell’articolo è quello di analizzare la letteratura relativa all’impatto sulla salute mentale del personale infermieristico impegnato nella gestione e cura di pazienti affetti da Covid-19. METODI: È stata condotta una revisione sistematica degli articoli pubblicati sull'argomento da gennaio 2020 a novembre 2020. La ricerca degli articoli è stata condotta sui database scientifici Pub Med, Scopus e Embase. RISULTATI: I risultati mostrano l’insorgenza nel personale sanitario di ansia, depressione e stress e insonnia. Tali aspetti risultano strettamente correlati a numerosi fattori, tra cui la paura di contrarre la malattia e di trasmetterla alle famiglie, turni stressanti e poco riposo, portando ad uno stato di tensione psicologica e fisica in grado di attivare comportamenti patologici. La letteratura evidenzia l’importanza di interventi di sostegno al personale in prima linea al fine di evitare l'insorgere di gravi problemi di natura psico-patofisica. CONCLUSIONE: La revisione condotta suggerisce come gli infermieri in prima linea durante la fase di emergenza di Covid-19 possano essere soggetti a disturbi psicologici in grado di compromettere la salute mentale. Pertanto, la sorveglianza e il monitoraggio dei sintomi, congiuntamente a mirati interventi di sostegno, dovrebbero essere garantiti quotidianamente a tutti i professionisti coinvolti ai fine di prevenire l'insorgenza di disturbi psicologici.INTRODUCTION: The Coronavirus (Covid-19) pandemic caused a severe health crisis that has affected millions of people and quarantined half of the world's population. The health emergency from Covid-19 has seen health workers on the front line face all the difficulties related to the burden of care and the reorganization of procedures, roles, and tools at the hospital level. One of the most significant and probably underestimated aspects is the psychological stress of frontline nurses. The article aims to analyze the literature relating to the impact on the mental health of nurses engaged in the management and care of Covid-19 patients. METHODS: A systematic review of the published articles on the subject was conducted from January 2020 to November 2020. The search for papers was conducted on scientific databases like PubMed, Scopus and Embase. RESULTS: The results show the onset of anxiety, depression and stress and insomnia in healthcare workers. These aspects are closely related to numerous factors, including the fear of contracting the disease and infecting family members, stressful shifts and little rest, leading to a state of psychological and physical tension capable of activating pathological behaviours. The literature highlights the importance of support interventions for frontline personnel to avoid the onset of psycho-pathophysical severe problems. CONCLUSION: The review suggests that frontline nurses during the emergency phase of Covid- 19 may be prone to psychological disorders that can compromise mental health. Therefore, the surveillance and monitoring of symptoms, together with targeted support interventions, should be guaranteed daily to all professionals involved to prevent the onset of psychological disorders
Doctor@Home: Through a Telemedicine Co-production and Co-learning Journey
Full text linkTelemedicine and remote visits are becoming more and more popular in several medical disciplines, including oncology. The Covid-19 pandemic has enhanced the need to continue to meet patients’ ambulatory care necessities ensuring social distancing and limiting the access to clinical facilities. The National Cancer Institute of Aviano, Italy, has recently launched a program called “Doctor @ Home” (D@H). The pillars of the program are the co-production of the oncological care and the co-learning approach, which sees the clinical staff “hand in hand” with patients to maximize the outcome of the care, trying to take advantage of the new tools offered by modern technologies
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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