1,721,366 research outputs found
Intervensi pemerintah di sektor kesehatan: regulasi monopoli-oligopoli = Government intervention in the health sector: monopoly-oligopoly regulation
Full text linkMonopoly refers to an industry in which there is one supplier of a good, service, or resource that has no close substitutes, and in which there is a barrier preventing the entry of new firms. Monopoly causes welfare loss, since it produces output level lower than competitive one, and sets price exceeding the competitive price, hence it causes: (1) Pareto-suboptimality of re¬source allocationand (2) Transfer of consumer surplus to producer surplus. The former raises efficiency issue while the latter evokes equity concern. The government not only has the role but also must play its role to control the behavior of monopoly-oligopoly in the health services industry. A number of instruments can be used by the government to prevent anti-competition and monopolistic behaviors and to enhance equitable distribution of resources: Anti-Trust Lawprice controltaxationand government provision of public goods in the case of natural monopoly.
Keywords: monopoly, welfare loss, health care industr
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
DESAIN DAN UKURAN SAMPEL UNTUK PENELITIAN KUANTITATIF DAN KUALITATIF DI BIDANG KESEHATAN
No full textMENGEMBANGKAN INDIKATOR KUALITAS PELAYANAN KESEHATAN
Full text linkQuality care constitutes an important aspect to be pursued within the "Healthy Indonesia 2010" vision. In order to enable assessment of changes in the quality of care over time, there is a need for developing quality indicators. Quality indicators are specific and measurable elements of practice, developed on the basis of evidences and/or concensus, that can be used to assess the quality of care. Some factors influence the development of quality indicators: (1) Stakeholders\u27 perspectives(2) Aspects of health care by which quality is to be assessed structure, process, outcomeand (3) Methods for developing indicators. A good quality indicator must consider some important criteria: (1) Acceptability(2) Feasibility(3) Reliability(4) Sensitivity to change(5) Validity. A good quality indicator should also define care that is attributable and within the control of the person who is delivering the care, so that it can be applied in a quality improvement initiative.
Keywords: quality health care, quality indicators
Keadilan horisontal,keadilan vertikal, dan kebijakan kesehatan = Horizontal equity, vertical equity and health policy
No full textHealth economics is concerned with finding the most efficient allocation of health resources to achieve a given policy goal. Equity, or fairness, is another separate and important criterion that health policy makers and analysts must address. Equity in the health care context refers to fairness in the relative distribution of resources, utilization, access, and health among the people in the economy. Two dimensions of equity are recognized: horizontal equity and vertical equity. The former refers to equal treatment of equals, the latter refers to unequal treatment of unequals. This paper illuminates definitions and issues of equity, and highlights recent methods of quantifying inequity and computing inequity indices. Also illustrated is the theoretical implications of various tax systems on equity.
Keywords: equity, horizontal equity, vertical equity, health policy, tax system
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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