1,720,981 research outputs found
A Mini-Invasive Procedure for Removal of Adult Dirofilaria Repens From Subcutaneous Nodules in Dogs
No full textDirofilaria repens is the causative agent of canine and feline subcutaneous Dirofilariosis, a mosquito-borne disease that has been increasingly reported in several countries in southern and central Europe, Africa and Asia. The natural hosts of D. repens are domestic and wild carnivores and the adults of these nematodes reside in the subcutaneous tissues of dogs and cats. Infection occasionally causes mild clinical signs such as subcutaneous nodules, itching, and dermal swelling, but most affected animals are asymptomatic. Here, the authors report a novel, mini-invasive procedure for removal of adult worms in four naturally-infected dogs presenting skin nodules. Ultrasonographic (US) and cytological diagnostic features are also presented. Worms were removed using a 19 Gauge needle, connected to a vacuum syringe. No adulticide therapy is currently available for D. repens and therefore surgical removal of worms could represent a non-invasive treatment leading to definitive cure of symptoms
Carcinocythaemia (carcinoma cell leukaemia) in a dog: an acute leukaemia-like picture due to metastatic carcinoma.
No full textAn eight-year-old entire female boxer was presented with a two-week history of anorexia and lethargy and two-day history of unilateral left epistaxis. Clinical findings and laboratory test results suggested disseminated intravascular coagulation. On blood smear evaluation, occasional large epithelioid-like unclassified cells were detected. Occasionally these cells were organised in small clusters. Bone marrow examination revealed a marked infiltration by a malignant population of the same epithelioid-like cells. The dog was euthanased because of the guarded prognosis. Following histology and immunohistochemistry, a widespread undifferentiated carcinoma of unknown primary origin was diagnosed. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first case of carcinoma cell leukaemia reported in a dog. Carcinoma cell leukaemia is a rare oncological condition previously described in humans, characterised by non-haematopoietic neoplastic cells in peripheral blood. © 2012 British Small Animal Veterinary Association
Accuracy of cytology in distinguishing adrenocortical tumors from pheochromocytoma in companion animals.
No full textBackground: The distinction between adrenocortical tumors and pheochromocytoma can be challenging using clinical findings, diagnostic imaging and laboratory tests. Cytology might be a simple, minimally invasive method to reach a correct diagnosis.
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess the accuracy of cytology in differentiating cortical from medullary tumors of the adrenal glands in dogs and cats.
Methods: Cytologic key features of adrenocortical tumors and pheochro- mocytoma were defined by one reference author. Cytologic specimens from primary adrenal tumors were submitted to 4 cytopathologists who were asked to classify the tumors based on the previously defined key features without knowledge of previous classification.
Results: Twenty specimens from histologically confirmed adrenal tumors (Group 1) and 4 specimens from adrenal tumors causing adrenal- dependent Cushing’s syndrome (Group 2) were evaluated by the 4 cyt- opathologists. Accuracy in differentiating cortical from medullary origin ranged from 90% to 100%, with a Kappa coefficient of agreement between cytopathologists of 0.95.
Conclusions: The origin of an adrenal tumor can be easily determined by cytology alone in many cases. However, cytology was not reliable in distin- guishing benign from malignant neoplasia. Additional studies are needed to assess possible risks and complications associated with fine-needle biopsy of adrenal tumors in dogs and cats
Evaluation of recombinant canine granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (rcG-CSF) in the treatment of Canine Parvovirus: preliminary results.
No full textIntroduction: The objectives of the study were: i) the evaluation of the clinical and hematological parameters of CPV2-naturally infected pups treated with the recombinant canine Granulocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor (rcG-CSF) in combination with the routine therapy, compared to similarly-managed infected pups not treated with rcG-CSF; ii) the assessment the patients recover and the survival rate.
Methods: A non-randomized prospective clinical trial was conducted. Pups with gastrointestinal clinical signs (anorexia, vomiting and diarrhea) tested CPV2 positive with the commercial immunochromatographic test and with concurred leukopenia (WBC<4000/μL), were enrolled in the study. CPV2 positive samples were characterized by real-time PCR for the identification of the variant involved. Two groups of dogs were treated with conventional therapy with addition of daily 5μg/Kg of rcG-CSF (group A) or with conventional therapy alone (control group B). Blood samples were daily collected to monitor the haematological parameters.
Results: Twenty-two leukopenic dogs with confirmed CPV2 infection were selected. Eight out of 22 dogs were included in group A and 14 in group B. CPV2a was identified in 4 and 8 dogs of group A and group B, respectively, CPV2b in 3 and 6 dogs, respectively, and only 1 CPV2c was identified in group A. At the end of the treatment mean (standard deviation) WBC were 21,32(8,38) K/μL and 4,92(4,37) K/μL respectively (p<0,0001), mean neutrophils count were 5,68(8,49) K/μL and 0,94(1,14) K/μL respectively (p<0,0192), mean monocytes count were 6,08(4,02) K/μL and 2,74(2,26) K/μL respectively (p<0,0175) and mean lymphocytes count were 9,44(7,7) K/μL and 2,07(2,57) K/μL respectively (p<0,0021). Time of hospitalization, survival rate and CPV2 variants had no significative differences due to low patients tested.
Conclusion: In CPV2 infected dogs, the leukocyte count is significantly depressed and, since leukopenia greatly increases the probability of death, the effectiveness of rcG-CSF to manage parvovirus infection was evaluated. rcG-CSF improved hematological parameters compared to untreated dogs, but a larger sample is necessary for a better evaluation of the influence on the hospitalization time, on the survival rate and on the differences between the CPV variants
RILIEVI CITOLOGICI IN 11 CASI DI VERSAMENTO PERITONEALE IN CORSO DI NEOPLASIA OVARICA NEL CANE
No full textOvarian tumours are uncommon in veterinary medicine. A total of 11 dogs with abdominal effusion due to ovarian neoplasm histologically confirmed were included: papillary adenocarcinoma (8), granulosa cell tumour (2), and a mixed gonadostromal tumour (granulosa cell tumour and luteoma). In abdominal effusion of 7 cases out of 8 papillary adenocarcinomas, neoplastic cells were present. Cytology of the effusions revealed high cellularity, large tridimensional clusters of cells arranged in papillary pattern, and small aggregates of cells with microacinar arrangement. Tightly cohesive, roundish, oval or cuboidal cells with moderate anisocytosis and anisokaryosis, variable nuclear atypia, and scarce to moderate amount of sometimes vacuolated grey cytoplasm were present. Granulosa cell tumours caused serosanguineous effusion without neoplastic cells. Gonadostromal tumour caused serosanguineous effusion with neoplastic cells. Smears of the effusion were characterized by high cellularity, aggregates of moderately cohesive cells, dysmetric nuclei, prominent nucleoli and large grey, often microvacuolated cytoplasm. In conclusion, in case of ovarian papillary adenocarcinoma and carcinomatosis, abdominal effusion may contain cells deriving from ovarian neoplasm, which is different from other ovarian neoplasms which rarely cause abdominal effusion containing neoplastic cells
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Diagnostic value of cytologic examination of gastrointestinal tract tumors in dogs and cats: 83 cases (2001-2004).
No full textObjective-To determine results of cytologic examination of fine-needle aspirates and impression smears of gastrointestinal tract tumors in dogs and cats.Design-Retrospective case series.Animals-38 dogs and 44 cats with histologically confirmed gastrointestinal tract tumors. Procedures-Results of cytologic examination of fine-needle aspirates (n = 67) or impression smears (31) were compared with the histologic diagnosis, and extent of agreement was classified as complete, partial, none, or undetermined.Results-For 48 of the 67 (72%) fine-needle aspirates, there was complete or partial agreement between the cytologic and histologic diagnoses. For 12 (18%) aspirates, the extent of agreement could not be determined because the cytologic specimen was considered unsatisfactory. For 29 of the 31 (94%) impression smears, there was complete agreement between the cytologic and histologic diagnoses, and for 2 (6%), there was partial agreement. None of the impression smears were considered unsatisfactory. Proportion of samples with complete agreement and proportion of samples with complete or partial agreement were significantly higher for impression smears than for fine-needle aspirates.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-Results suggest that there was moderate agreement between results of cytologic examination of fine-needle aspirates from dogs and cats with gastrointestinal tract neoplasia and the definitive histologic diagnosis. The agreement between results of cytologic examination of impression smears and the histologic diagnosis appeared to be higher
- …
