161,502 research outputs found
VLSI Layout of Benes Networks
No full textAbstract – The Benes network consists of back-to-back butterflies. There exist a number of topological representations that are used to describe butterfly- like architectures. We identify a new topological representation of Benes network. The significance of this representation is demonstrated by solving two problems, one related to VLSI layout and the other related to robotics. An important VLSI layout network problem is to produce the smallest possible grid area for realizing a given network. We propose an elegant VLSI layout of r-dimensional Benes networks using this representation. The area of this layout is O(2 2r) whereas the lower bound for the area of the VLSI layout of Benes networks is O(2 2r). This lower bound is estimated by applying Thompson result
Benes switching fabrics with O(N)-complexity internal backpressure
No full textMultistage buffered switching fabrics are the most efficient method for scaling packet switches to very large numbers of ports. The Benes network is the lowest-cost switching fabric known to yield operation free of internal blocking. Backpressure inside a switching fabric can limit the use of expensive off-chip buffer memory to just virtual-output queues (VOQ) in front of the input stage. This paper extends the known backpressure architectures to the Benes network. To achieve this, we had to successfully combine per-flow backpressure, multipath routing (inverse multiplexing), and cell resequencing. We, also, present a flow merging scheme that is needed to bring the cost of backpressure down to O(N) per switching element. We prove freedom from deadlock for a wide class of multipath cell distribution algorithms. Using a cell-time-accurate simulator, we evaluated various cell distribution and resequencing methods, we found that delay under bursty traffic is only 25 to 50 percent higher than ideal output queueing, and we showed that the delay of well-behaved flows remains unaffected by the presence of congested traffic to oversubscribed output ports. Using simplified models of the Benes fabric, we show that cell distribution does not result in throughput limitations, and identify the points of the fabric where contention is resolved.Τα πλέγματα μεταγωγής με πολλαπλά στάδια και εσωτερικούς ενταμιευτές είναι η πιο αποδοτική μέθοδος για την κλιμάκωση των μεταγωγέων πακέτων σε πολύ μέγαλο αριθμό από πόρτες. Το δίκτυο Benes είναι το χαμηλότερου κόστους πλέγμα μεταγωγής που επιτρέπει λειτουργία χωρίς εσωτερική φραγή (internal blocking). Η αναδραστική πίεση (backpressure) εσωτερικά στο πλέγμα μεταγωγής μπορεί να περιορίσει την χρήση ακριβών off-chip ενταμιευτών μνήμης μόνο στις εικονικές ουρές εξόδου (VOQ) μπροστά από το στάδιο εισόδου. Η παρούσα εργασία επεκτείνει τις γνωστές αρχιτεκτονικές backpressure στο δίκτυο Benes. Για να επιτευχθεί αυτό, έπρεπε να συνδυάσουμε επιτυχώς το backpressure ανά-ροή, τη δρομολόγηση μέσω πολλαπλών μονοπατιών (αντίστροφη πολυπλεξία), και την επαναδιάταξη κελιών (cells). Επίσης, παρουσιάζουμε ένα σχήμα συγχώνευσης ροών το οποίο χρειάζεται για τη μείωση του κόστος του backpressure σε O(N) ανά στοιχείο μεταγωγής. Αποδεικνύουμε ανυπαρξία αδιεξόδων για μια μεγάλη κλάσση από αλγορίθμους δρομολόγησης μέσω πολλαπλών μονοπατιών. Με τη χρήση προσομοιώσεων με ακρίβεια cell time, αξιολογήσαμε διάφορες μεθόδους για την κατανομή και επαναδιάταξη των cells, βρήκαμε ότι η καθυστέρηση για εκρηκτική κίνηση είναι μόνο 25 εώς 50 τοις εκατό υψηλότερη από το ιδανικό σύστημα με ουρές στις εξόδους, και δείξαμε ότι η καθυστέρηση των μη-συμφορημένων ροων παραμένει ανεπηρέαστη από την παρουσία συμφορημένης κίνησης προς ορισμένες πόρτες εξόδου. Με τη χρήση απλοποιημένων μοντέλων για το πλέγμα Benes, δείχνουμε ότι η κατανομή των cells δεν δημιουργεί περιορισμούς στην διαπερατότητα, και εντοπίζουμε τα σημεία του πλέγματος όπου επιλύονται οι συγκρούσεις μεταξύ των cells
VLSI Area Comparison of Benes and Crossbar Communications Networks
No full textA high-level area model of Benes and crossbar networks in a VLSI environment is presented. The areas of both networks are then compared for different design parameters. The results are also compared to those obtained by Franklin [Fr81] for banyan and crossbar networks. The geometric chip layout employs two metal layers for the interconnection paths. It is show that both Benes and crossbar grow in area as O(N)2, where N is the network size
Variations on the Author
No full text“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Vojta Benes - his life and legacy in north Pilsen
No full textVojta Beneš byl český pedagog, politik, spisovatel a bratr prezidenta Edvarda Beneše. Jeho celoživotní dílo však zůstává upozaděno. Vojta Beneš se stal významným českým pedagogem nejen v českých zemích, ale také se věnoval výchově dětí českých krajanů v Americe během před první světovou válkou. V USA se zaměřil na odbojovou činnost během první světové války. Po návratu se stal váženým školním inspektorem a poslancem a následně i senátorem. Na svou odbojovou činnost navázal během druhé světové války a částečně i během komunistického režimu. Celý život byl členem sociální demokratické strany.
V teoretické části bakalářské práce se zabývám životem Vojty Beneše s nejdůležitějšími okamžiky v jeho životě s cílem vytvořit stručný životopis. Částečně se snažím zdůraznit Vojtův vliv na Plzeňsku, proto se věnuji se také jeho blízké rodině a rodišti. Dále se zaměřuji na jeho politickou činnost včetně dějin sociální demokracie. A nakonec se věnuji jeho spisovatelské činnosti s regionální tematikou.
V praktické části zjišťuji, jaké povědomí o Vojtovi Benešovi mají děti na Základní škole Dr. Edvarda Beneše v Kožlanech, tedy v jeho rodišti. Průzkum proběhl formou dotazníků.ObhájenoVojta Benes was a Czech teacher, politician, writer and brother of President Edvard Benes. His work of life remains diminished. Vojta Benes became an important Czech teacher not only in the Czech lands, but also he devoted to the education of children of Czech compatriots in America during the First World War. In the US, he focused on resistance activity during the First World War. After his return he became a respected school inspector and a deputy and subsequently a senator. He continued his resistance activity during World War II and partly during the communist regime. All his life he was a member of the Social Democratic Party.
In the theoretical part of my Bachelor thesis I deal with the life of Vojta Benes with the most important moments in his life with the aim to create a brief biography. I partly try to emphasize Vojta's influence on the Pilsen region, so I also focus on his close family and birthplace. Furthermore, I focus on his political activities, including the history of social democracy. And finally, I focus on his writing activities with regional themes.
In the practical part I find out what kind of awareness of Vojta Benes have the children at the Primary School of Dr. Edvard Benes in Kozlany, his birthplace. The survey was in the form of questionnaires
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
DS3. Characterization of POETICS Benes optical switch prototype (experimental data)
No full text<p><span>The dataset comprises experimental results from the experimental evaluation of POETICS Benes optical switch prototype, employing external transmitter and receiver based on bulk components. The transmitter consisted of an O-band optical laser source a Mach-Zehnder Modulator, driven electrically by an arbitrary waveform generator which generated NRZ and PAM-4 signals of different symbol rates, and an O-band SOA. After the optical switch, the receiver consisted of a second O-band SOA, an O-band optical filter and a photodetector. The electrical signals were captured through a real-time oscilloscope. Two different paths of within the optical switch were considered during testing, denoted as Path 1 and Path 2 respectively, with Path 1 exhibiting the best performance in terms of insertion losses. The captured signals are stored as .csv files, consisting of a voltage and a time vector. Attached with each .csv file is an image of the eye-diagram captured in real-time, through the real-time oscilloscope. The waveforms are accompanied by a “readme” file that describes more detailed technical information, as well as further details necessary for the processing of the data.</span></p><p><span>This set comprises experimental results from the performance evaluation of POETICS POE-4 32x32 3D PolyBoard based Benes switch prototype. The prototype was evaluated with reference external transmitters and receivers operating in the O-band. The experimental results provided in this dataset correspond to two different end-to-end optical paths chosen for the switch. For each path, the dataset contains results with different modulation formats and symbol rates, along with images of the eye-diagrams obtained in real-time during the experimental evaluation. </span></p>
Larry O. Spencer, Conference Author Presentation
No full textGen. Larry O. Spencer, USAF (Ret.), author of Dark Horse: A Journey from the Horseshoe to the Pentago
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Coupled computational fluid dynamics and computational thermodynamics simulations for fission product retention and release: A molten salt fast reactor application
No full textThis study presents a computational capability for fission product retention and release in two-phase, multi-species systems representing Molten Salt Reactors (MSR) with coupled thermal-hydraulics and fuel coolant chemical behaviours. This is demonstrated through four simulated cases centred on the proposed Molten Salt Fast Reactor (MSFR). This is achieved by two-way coupling the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) code OpenFOAM and the Computational Thermodynamics (CT) code Thermochimica, using the Joint Research Centre Molten Salt Database (JRCMSD). Local chemical equilibrium is assumed, implying that chemical kinetics are predominantly governed by mass transport. Four simulations address normal operating conditions, exploring: (i) dilution of fission products injected within the molten salt coolant, (ii) molten salt coolant evaporation rate, (iii) release of radioactive gaseous species, (iv) shifts in the UF4/UF3 ratio, and (v) comparison of vapour pressures of gaseous species. The influence of temperature-dependent viscosity on retaining fission products, compared to consistent values, is also discussed. The feasibility of integrating CFD with Thermochimica showed promising results, broadening insights into multiphysics systems and setting the stage for its application in more intricate scenarios
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