1,721,008 research outputs found

    Even aortic insufficiency can be treated percutaneously: Right?

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    Moderate or severe aortic insufficiency (AI) is a relatively rare condition but with significant clinical implications, especially in elderly patients at high surgical risk. Although surgical aortic valve replacement remains the gold standard for treatment, a significant proportion of patients are not eligible due to the high surgical risk. In recent years, transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) has revolutionized the treatment of aortic stenosis, but its application to AI has encountered significant challenges, mainly related to specific anatomical characteristics of this population. This review provides an overview of the evolution of the transcatheter treatment of AI, highlighting the critical issues of first-generation TAVI devices and the improvements achieved with new-generation and dedicated devices, such as JenaValve and J-Valve. Preliminary data demonstrate encouraging procedural results, including a reduction in residual insufficiency and improved safety in patients at high surgical risk. However, limitations remain, including the high incidence of pacemaker implantation and the lack of long-term randomized clinical trials. In light of technological advances, TAVI represents a promising therapeutic option for selected patients with AI, if performed in high-volume centres with extensive experience in the treatment of aortic disease

    Primary mechanical unloading in high-risk myocardial infarction: Perspectives in view of a paradigm shift

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    The improvement achieved in recent years in early myocardial infarction (MI) mortality poses several new clinical challenges, owing to late consequences of myocardial loss and the significant incidence of heart failure (HF) observed thereafter. A still unaddressed residual reperfusion injury (RI) contributes to final infarct size, acute MI mortality and longer-term HF development. Despite many cardioprotective lines of research in the setting of MI, no treatment has significantly altered clinical practice or convincingly improved outcomes either. Left ventricular mechanical unloading before culprit vessel reopening may reduce RI and prime (biologically and mechanically) the myocardium for reperfusion, thus limiting infarct size and preventing subsequent adverse remodeling. Aim of this review is to summarize key pre-clinical and clinical experiences furnishing a rationale to the approach of mechanical unloading before myocardial reperfusion with a translational outlook on its implications for the management of MI patients

    Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis

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    The present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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