1,721,224 research outputs found
Tobacco use, body mass index, and the risk of leukemia and multiple myeloma: A nationwide cohort study in Sweden
No full textIn a prospective cohort study of more than 330,000 Swedish construction workers, we explored the effect of tobacco smoking, oral moist snuff use, and body mass index (BMI) on the risk of developing leukemia (excluding chronic lymphocytic leukemia) and multiple myeloma (MM). Study subjects were participants of a health surveillance system within the building industry. Record linkage to the nationwide Swedish cancer registry, migration registry, and cause of death registry made a comprehensive follow-up available. A total of 372 incident cases of leukemia and 520 subjects with MM was ascertained. An increase in risk of acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) was observed in current smokers (incidence rate ratio, 1.50; 95% confidence interval, 1.06-2.11). Furthermore, there was an indication of a possible association between smoking intensity and risk of acute lymphocytic leukemia. Results on snuff use as well as BMI showed no association. This study confirms the role of smoking as a risk factor for AML and gives no support to the hypothesis of a role of snuff use or BMI level on the risk of leukemia or MM. ©2007 American Association for Cancer Research
Prognostic value of intratumoral neutrophils in advanced gastric carcinoma in a high-risk area in northern Italy
No full textSeveral lines of evidence indicate that neutrophils act nonspecifically against tumor cells. The correlation
between tumor-infiltrating neutrophils (TINs) and clinicopathological features remains unclear
and deserves to be investigated. To analyze the prognostic influence of TINs in gastric carcinoma,
the authors selected 273 patients with advanced gastric carcinoma who underwent gastrectomy at
Cremona Hospital (Lombardia, Italy) between 1990 and 1995 and followed them for a period of 5 years.
The number of TINs was assessed in a semiquantitative manner using the mean value of 20 nonoverlapping
high-power fields (magnification, 400_;0.08 mm2). The patients were divided into two groups: patients with a moderate or extensive amount of TINs (n _ 76; >10 TINs per 20 high power fields) and patients with a minor amount of TINs (n _ 197; <10 TINs per 20 high-power fields). The Kaplan-Meier method and Greenwood formula
were used to estimate the crude survival rates in the two groups. Multivariate analyses based on the Cox
proportional hazard regression model were performed to assess the effect of the prognostic factors
on survival. Among the potential prognostic factors analyzed by univariate analysis, sex, age, location of
neoplasia, pTNM stage, TINs, and surgical curability were significantly associated with higher survival
rate. The study of the possible interaction effects of the clinical-pathological factors with TINs reveals
that female patients with a moderate or extensive amount of TINs have about a 39% reduction in their
risk of mortality, whereas male patients do not seem to be affected by the level of TINs. These results
suggest that women appear to have a better prognosis than men in advanced gastric carcinoma.
Gender differences in some host defense mechanisms and particularly in neutrophil function may
be responsible for this event. Confirmation of these findings would give valuable insights about host
reaction to gastric cancer growth and, ultimately, possibly would have implications regarding the
identification of low-risk patients who could be spared adjuvant therapy
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Tobacco smoking, snuff dipping and the risk of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma: A nationwide cohort study in Sweden
No full textWe investigated whether tobacco use causes cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) in a large cohort study with complete and long-term follow-up. A total of 756 incident cases occurred in a cohort of 337 311 men during a 30-year follow-up period, but no association was found between any kind of smoking tobacco use and CSCC risk, nor any risk change with increasing dose, duration or time since smoking cessation. Snuff use was associated with a decreased risk of CSCC. Overall, our study provides no evidence that tobacco use increases the risk of CSCC. © 2005 Cancer Research UK
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Dietary non-enzymatic antioxidant capacity and risk of stroke: The Swedish Women's Lifestyle and Health Cohort
No full textObjective: Consumption of antioxidant-rich foods has been associated with a reduced risk for stroke. However, antioxidant supplementation is not recommended owing to controversial findings reported in clinical trials. The aim of this study was to better understand the effect of dietary antioxidants by investigating the effect of dietary non-enzymatic antioxidant capacity (NEAC), reflecting the antioxidant potential of the whole diet, on the risk for stroke. Methods: In the Women's Lifestyle and Health Cohort, 45 882 women 30 to 49 y of age and free from cardiovascular diseases were followed through record linkages from 1991 to 2012. Dietary NEAC was assessed by a validated food frequency questionnaire collected at baseline and categorized into quintiles. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression models were fitted to estimate hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals for overall stroke and ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke separately. Results: During a mean follow-up time of 20.2 y, we detected 871 incidence cases of stroke (516 ischemic, 296 hemorrhagic, and 59 unspecified strokes). After adjusting for potential confounders, we did not find any association between dietary NEAC and stroke, either overall, or ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke (Ptrend > 0.05). Conclusion: Higher dietary NEAC was not associated with any type of stroke in young and middle-aged Swedish women
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dietary quercetin intake and risk of gastric cancer: results from a population-based study in sweden
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