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Seismic source modeling by inverting seismologic and geodetic data : application to Algerian earthquakes
No full textLa caractérisation de la source d’un séisme se fait à partir de l’analyse des mesures des déplacements transitoires et statiques du sol, et dépend de la quantité et de la qualité de ces mesures. Nous avons travaillé sur la détermination des mécanismes au foyer des séismes modérés de Tadjena (Mw 5.0, 2006), Béni-Ilmane (Mw 5.5, 2010), Hammam Melouane (Mw 5.0, 2013), Bordj-Ménaïel (Mw 4.1, 2014), Alger (Mw 5.7, 2014) et M’ziraa (Mw 5.1, 2016). Pour cela, nous avons inversés les formes d’ondes en champ proche et régional des stations large bandes et accélérométriques du réseau sismologique algérien (ADSN). Nous avons déterminé la distribution spatio-temporelle du glissement cosismique du séisme de Boumerdes-Zemmouri (Mw 6.8, 2003) en inversant conjointement l’ensemble des données disponibles, sismologiques (télésismiques, accélérometriques) et géodésiques (GPS, InSAR, soulèvement côtier). Nous avons travaillé sur la relation qui peut exister entre le séisme de Boumerdes-Zemmouri et les séismes de Hammam Melouane, Bordj Ménaïel et Alger (Mw 5.7, 2014) en termes de transfert de contrainte (CFF). Nous avons calculé le champ de contrainte dans différentes régions de l’Algérie par inversion des mécanismes aux foyers disponibles dans chaque région.Studies of the earthquake source are based on observations of seismic and static ground motions, which depend on the quality and the density of measurements. In this thesis, we present studies of the determination of the focal mechanism of the Tadjena (Mw 5.0, 2006), Béni-Ilmane (Mw 5.5, 2010), Hammam Melouane (Mw 5.0, 2013), Bordj-Ménaïel (Mw 4.1, 2014), Alger (Mw 5.7, 2014) and M’ziraa (Mw 5.1, 2016) earthquakes, by modeling waveforms in the near and regional field with broadband and strong motion stations of the Algerian Digital Seismic Netwok (ADSN). In addition, we determined the coseismic slip distribution of the Boumerdes-Zemmouri earthquake (Mw 6.8, 2003) by inverting a most comprehensive set of data (teleseismic, strong motion, GPS, InSAR, coastal uplift). We calculated the Coulomb Failure Function between the Boumerdes-Zemmouri earthquake (source fault) and the Hammam Melouane, Bordj Ménaïel and Algiers (Mw 5.7, 2014) events (receiver faults). We computed the stress tensor in different regions of Algeria obtained from the inversion of the available focal mechanisms
ETUDE DE LA SISMICITE DU NORD ALGERIEN
Full text linkCette thèse comporte l’étude de neuf séismes du nord algérien qui se sont produits entre 1999 et 2008.
Différentes approches étaient utilisées pour étudier ces événements : l’analyse des répliques et la détermination
des mécanismes aux foyers en utilisant les enregistrements des stations sismologiques situées en champ lointain
et des stations sismologiques situées en champ proche. L’étude des répliques a concerné les séismes de Lâalam
(Béjaïa) et de Boumerdes. Cette analyse permis la détermination des dimensions (longueur, largeur, plongement)
de chacune des deux failles relatives aux séismes cités. Pour déterminer les mécanismes aux foyers par la
modélisation des formes des ondes sismiques, nous avons utilisé deux approches. Dans la première, nous avons
exploité les enregistrements des stations sismologiques placées dans un champ lointain (30° < Δ < 90°) pour
étudier le séisme de Ain Temouchent. Dans la deuxième, nous avons exploité les enregistrements des stations
placées en champ proche (0 km < Δ < 300 km) pour étudier les séismes de Chlef (Tadjena et Boukadir), de
Médéa et d’Oran (Boufatis et Large d’Oran). Les résultats obtenus ont montré que les sources sismiques sont
principalement de type inverse orientées NE-SW. Des failles verticales de coulissage senestre orientées NS à
NE-SW existent aussi. Le calcul du tenseur de contrainte dans la région des Babors et la région de Chlef a
montré que la composante maximale de la compression est orientée ~NW-SE
Modélisation de la source des séismes par inversion des données sismologiques et géodésiques : application aux séismes du Nord de l’Algérie
No full textStudies of the earthquake source are based on observations of seismic and static ground motions, which depend on the quality and the density of measurements. In this thesis, we present studies of the determination of the focal mechanism of the Tadjena (Mw 5.0, 2006), Béni-Ilmane (Mw 5.5, 2010), Hammam Melouane (Mw 5.0, 2013), Bordj-Ménaïel (Mw 4.1, 2014), Alger (Mw 5.7, 2014) and M’ziraa (Mw 5.1, 2016) earthquakes, by modeling waveforms in the near and regional field with broadband and strong motion stations of the Algerian Digital Seismic Netwok (ADSN). In addition, we determined the coseismic slip distribution of the Boumerdes-Zemmouri earthquake (Mw 6.8, 2003) by inverting a most comprehensive set of data (teleseismic, strong motion, GPS, InSAR, coastal uplift). We calculated the Coulomb Failure Function between the Boumerdes-Zemmouri earthquake (source fault) and the Hammam Melouane, Bordj Ménaïel and Algiers (Mw 5.7, 2014) events (receiver faults). We computed the stress tensor in different regions of Algeria obtained from the inversion of the available focal mechanisms.La caractérisation de la source d’un séisme se fait à partir de l’analyse des mesures des déplacements transitoires et statiques du sol, et dépend de la quantité et de la qualité de ces mesures. Nous avons travaillé sur la détermination des mécanismes au foyer des séismes modérés de Tadjena (Mw 5.0, 2006), Béni-Ilmane (Mw 5.5, 2010), Hammam Melouane (Mw 5.0, 2013), Bordj-Ménaïel (Mw 4.1, 2014), Alger (Mw 5.7, 2014) et M’ziraa (Mw 5.1, 2016). Pour cela, nous avons inversés les formes d’ondes en champ proche et régional des stations large bandes et accélérométriques du réseau sismologique algérien (ADSN). Nous avons déterminé la distribution spatio-temporelle du glissement cosismique du séisme de Boumerdes-Zemmouri (Mw 6.8, 2003) en inversant conjointement l’ensemble des données disponibles, sismologiques (télésismiques, accélérometriques) et géodésiques (GPS, InSAR, soulèvement côtier). Nous avons travaillé sur la relation qui peut exister entre le séisme de Boumerdes-Zemmouri et les séismes de Hammam Melouane, Bordj Ménaïel et Alger (Mw 5.7, 2014) en termes de transfert de contrainte (CFF). Nous avons calculé le champ de contrainte dans différentes régions de l’Algérie par inversion des mécanismes aux foyers disponibles dans chaque région
Reassessing the rupture process of the 2003 Boumerdes-Zemmouri earthquake (Mw 6.8, northern Algeria) using teleseismic, strong motion, InSAR, GPS, and coastal uplift data
No full textInternational audienceIn this work, we determined the coseismic slip distribution of the Boumerdes-Zemmouri earthquake (Mw 6.8, 2003) by inverting a most comprehensive set of data, teleseismic seismograms, strong motion seismograms, coastaluplift, Global Positioning System (GPS), and Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar. We suggest a best-fitting model of coseismic slip distribution on the following two segments: the first segment oriented at N70° and the second segment located at the west of the first one and oriented at N100°.The slip distribution shows two slip patches on the N70° segment containing the hypocenter. The eastern patch is shallower, located between 0 and 9 km depth, with a maximum slip of 2.30 m. The western slip-patch on this same segment is deeper, between 4 and 12 km depth, with a slip that reaches a maximum value of 2.70 m at the center. The N100° segment also displays two slip patches, a small one in the east of the segment, which is between 4 and 8 km depth and a larger one in the western part of the segment, between 0 and 10 km depth. Both patches associated with the N100° segment show a maximum slip between 1.10 and 1.40 m
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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