1,720,998 research outputs found
Life cycle assessment of flame retardant cotton textiles with optimized end-of-life phase
Full text linkFlame retardants (FRs) for textile products has been studied widely on the account of their production,
but in order to consider a FR textile product eco-friendly, its end-of-life phase seems neglected and needs
great attention. The purpose of this study was to expand and improve the end-of-life phase of FR textile
products, by offering an eco-path and treatment prior to their disposals. An eco-path consisting of
degradation and elimination of the FR substance from the textile product prior to its disposal is proposed.
The degradation and elimination of FR from the textile product was achieved by advanced oxidation
process (AOP). Finally, a life cycle assessment (LCA) was performed to analyze the environmental impacts
of end-of-life phase for FR cotton textile before and after the eco-path disposal treatment. LCA results
showed the reduced impact values in most of the impact categories studied, especially in global warming
potential (GWP), air acidification (AA) and in other prominent categories
Global Consumption of Flame Retardants and Related Environmental Concerns: A Study on Possible Mechanical Recycling of Flame Retardant Textiles
Full text linkFlame retardants (FRs) have been around us for decades to increase the chances of survival against fire or flame by limiting its propagation. The FR textiles, irrespective of their atmospheric presence are used in baby clothing, pushchairs, car seats, etc. The overall FR market in Asia, Europe, and the United States in 2007 was around 1.8 million metric tonnes. It is estimated that the worldwide consumption of FRs will reach 2.8 million tonnes in 2018. Unfortunately, a sustainable approach for textile waste, especially in the case of FR textiles, is absent. Incineration and landfill of FR textiles are hindered by various toxic outcomes. To address the need for sustainable methods of discarding FR textiles, the mechanical recycling of cotton curtains was evaluated
Degradation Kinetics of Organophosphorus Flame Retardant fromCotton Fabric
No full textThe organophosphorus compound N-methylol dimethyl phosphonopropionamide (MDPA) is extensively used for durable flame retardant (FR) treatments for cotton fabrics. For optimum finishing treatment, MDPA is used with the Trimethylol melamine (TMM) or dimethylol dihydroxyethylene urea (DMDHEU) for cotton fabric treatments. The amino resins TMM known to pose severe toxic problems such as; breathing problems, headache and most importantly, cancer. In the production, consumption and eventually in the disposal phase of FR with TMM treated cotton fabrics, the release of TMM and toxic emissions cannot be ignored. In this study, mineralization and degradation of the organophosphorus FR compound from the cotton fabric using Advanced Oxidation Process (AOP) was successfully employed. The kinetics of degradation of FR substance from the cotton fabric was studied. The rate of degradation of the FR substance from the cotton fabrics was observed with chemical oxygen demand (COD). The kinetic rate constant equations and characterization of the mineralization and degradation of the FR substance by the AOP reaction was developed with the COD values. The organophosphorus FR on the fabric found to follow the first-order of kinetics of degradation from the cotton fabric.</jats:p
A CASE STUDY OF LIFE CYCLE INVENTORY OF COTTON CURTAIN
No full textInternational audienceCradle-to-grave Life Cycle Assessment is used to estimate the potential environmental impacts, from the manufacturing to disposal of any product, process or activity. One of the main difficulties concerned with Life Cycle Inventory (LCI) is the lack of LCI data from developing or emerging countries. Production phase of textile is delocalized to these countries, and this fact has to be taken into account in the frame of a Global Production-Consumption chain. In this study, production location country is Pakistan and consumption takes place in France. Another scope is the textile product selection: cotton curtains were selected as a product to focus on diverse prospective in the production-consumption chain. Lastly, the assessment of environmental impacts consists in tracking all the inputs (including energy, water, etc.…) and the outputs of each step of the production-consumption chain. For example, major atmospheric pollutants such as CO 2 , SO 2 , NO x , and other particulates, are quantified
Universal masking during COVID-19 pandemic: Can textile engineering help public health? Narrative review of the evidence.
No full textInternational audienceThe Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by the virus SARS-CoV-2 is spreading very quickly around the world. In less than 7 months since it became known to the international community, the virus has infected 18 million in more than 180 countries and killing more than 700,000 people. Person-to-person transmission through infected respiratory droplets from patients with symptoms and asymptomatic carriers is the main mode of spread in the community.There is currently no standard agreed upon drug to treat the disease and the prospect of having a safe and efficacious vaccine might be years away. Thus, public health interventions such as social distancing and hand washing have been introduced and has, to some extent, slowed the progression of the pandemic. Universal masking as a public health intervention is currently mandatory in a vast majority of countries around the world. To avoid personal protective equipment (PPE) shortage crisis for medical staff and other frontline workers, health authorities are recommending the use cloth masks. Although in theory, cloth masks can be helpful to limit the spread of the COVID-19, serious consideration should be given to the choice of textile, the number of layers of cloth used, pre-treatment of the material with water repellent material and other compounds that can enhance the filtration efficiency of the masks without compromising their breathability. This review uses concepts of textile engineering and the theoretical principles of filtration to make suggestions and recommendations to improve the quality and safety of cloth masks for the general public
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
A CASE STUDY OF LIFE CYCLE INVENTORY OF COTTON CURTAIN
No full textInternational audienceCradle-to-grave Life Cycle Assessment is used to estimate the potential environmental impacts, from the manufacturing to disposal of any product, process or activity. One of the main difficulties concerned with Life Cycle Inventory (LCI) is the lack of LCI data from developing or emerging countries. Production phase of textile is delocalized to these countries, and this fact has to be taken into account in the frame of a Global Production-Consumption chain. In this study, production location country is Pakistan and consumption takes place in France. Another scope is the textile product selection: cotton curtains were selected as a product to focus on diverse prospective in the production-consumption chain. Lastly, the assessment of environmental impacts consists in tracking all the inputs (including energy, water, etc.…) and the outputs of each step of the production-consumption chain. For example, major atmospheric pollutants such as CO 2 , SO 2 , NO x , and other particulates, are quantified
Bio-inspired approaches to design bio-luminescent textiles
No full textLuminescent textiles are being increasingly used in apparel and sportswear aswell as in buildings, agriculture and automotives, for safety alert or forillumination or as a design feature[1]. Till now these luminescent textiles havebeen based on technologies such as LED, luminescent particles (rare earthmetals and metal oxides), which are not so eco‐friendly[2].Bio‐inspired strategies can provide efficient methods to achieve eco friendlybioluminescent textiles. Research projects have explored ways which aremainly based on culture of bioluminescent algae[3] or bacteria on textiles.Here we present another approach to achieve bioluminesence using biobasedproducts from various living organisms such as fireflies, fungi, earthwormsthat are found in land and in jelly fishes, shrimps, dinoflagellates, corals inmarine environment [4]. In order to mimic the luminescence effect seen innature, reaction mechanisms in various bioluminescent living organisms arestudied and the components or molecules responsible for luminescence areidentified [5‐10]. Most of the time, these involve enzymatic reactions.However the main challenge is to reproduce the bioluminescent mechanismand to adapt it to new materials which can yield some eco efficient bioinspired luminescent textiles
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