1,720,971 research outputs found
Translation : stylistics and grammar in a modular approach
Full text linkThis thesis develops further the Form-Meaning-Style (FMS) model, proposed in my own article ‘Translation: stylistics and grammar in a modular approach’ from 2014. By representing a translation model in a rich graphical format, I hope that this thesis can be used by any translator as a toolkit for recognizing grammatical features that affect the reader’s interpretation, but which are not necessarily shared between source and target language.
The discussion departs from the assumption that we can construe text as an ordered set of FMS packages. A text string of the form F carrying the meaning M and having the style S, translates to a new FMS in the target language. A translator needs to understand which M needs to be instantiated by which F in order to generate a desired S. A grammatical function of a certain grammatical form is an objective feature, but its interpretation is not. A translator needs to recognize the potential of the stylistic feature in the context of the original text, and try to get it across in the translation. When this is not possible within a certain FMS, it can be realized at some other point and with some other linguistic means, given that this is not in discrepancy with the original.
The thesis studies the model's constituents in detail, discusses the relationship between them, and then further supports and develops it, taking into account pre-existing stylistic and translation approaches. The model is tested on examples from ‘Melancholia I’ by Jon Fosse, which is in style quite different from the style the model was developed for. The FMS packages are further compared to the FMS packages in the Slovenian translation of equivalent examples, in order to see whether the model can work as a toolkit for literary translators
The classification of de-marked modification structures in Mandarin Chinese
No full textThe particle de 的 occurs with higher frequency than any other particle in Mandarin Chinese. Its main function in Chinese noun phrases is to link attributive words or phrases to the head noun. Classification of the different uses of the particle de has been of interest to linguists and computational linguists alike, not least because of its importance for machine translation from Chinese to English. The primary aim of this thesis is to describe and, where necessary, systemize existing classifications of the noun phrase internal occurrences of de. To this end, we have built a small-annotated corpus of de constructions using the TypeCraft Interlinear Glossed Text (IGT) Repository. In addition, we have made use of the TypeCraft Mandarin corpus as the data source for our linguistic classification of de constructions. This thesis distinguishes the uses of de in modification and relativisation structures, and explores sequences of de-attributes
The classification of de-marked modification structures in Mandarin Chinese
No full textThe particle de 的 occurs with higher frequency than any other particle in Mandarin Chinese. Its main function in Chinese noun phrases is to link attributive words or phrases to the head noun. Classification of the different uses of the particle de has been of interest to linguists and computational linguists alike, not least because of its importance for machine translation from Chinese to English. The primary aim of this thesis is to describe and, where necessary, systemize existing classifications of the noun phrase internal occurrences of de. To this end, we have built a small-annotated corpus of de constructions using the TypeCraft Interlinear Glossed Text (IGT) Repository. In addition, we have made use of the TypeCraft Mandarin corpus as the data source for our linguistic classification of de constructions. This thesis distinguishes the uses of de in modification and relativisation structures, and explores sequences of de-attributes
Translation : stylistics and grammar in a modular approach
No full textThis thesis develops further the Form-Meaning-Style (FMS) model, proposed in my own article ‘Translation: stylistics and grammar in a modular approach’ from 2014. By representing a translation model in a rich graphical format, I hope that this thesis can be used by any translator as a toolkit for recognizing grammatical features that affect the reader’s interpretation, but which are not necessarily shared between source and target language.
The discussion departs from the assumption that we can construe text as an ordered set of FMS packages. A text string of the form F carrying the meaning M and having the style S, translates to a new FMS in the target language. A translator needs to understand which M needs to be instantiated by which F in order to generate a desired S. A grammatical function of a certain grammatical form is an objective feature, but its interpretation is not. A translator needs to recognize the potential of the stylistic feature in the context of the original text, and try to get it across in the translation. When this is not possible within a certain FMS, it can be realized at some other point and with some other linguistic means, given that this is not in discrepancy with the original.
The thesis studies the model's constituents in detail, discusses the relationship between them, and then further supports and develops it, taking into account pre-existing stylistic and translation approaches. The model is tested on examples from ‘Melancholia I’ by Jon Fosse, which is in style quite different from the style the model was developed for. The FMS packages are further compared to the FMS packages in the Slovenian translation of equivalent examples, in order to see whether the model can work as a toolkit for literary translators
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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