130,741 research outputs found
MeSH term explosion and author rank improve expert recommendations
No full textInformation overload is an often-cited phenomenon that reduces the productivity, efficiency and efficacy of scientists. One challenge for scientists is to find appropriate collaborators in their research. The literature describes various solutions to the problem of expertise location, but most current approaches do not appear to be very suitable for expert recommendations in biomedical research. In this study, we present the development and initial evaluation of a vector space model-based algorithm to calculate researcher similarity using four inputs: 1) MeSH terms of publications; 2) MeSH terms and author rank; 3) exploded MeSH terms; and 4) exploded MeSH terms and author rank. We developed and evaluated the algorithm using a data set of 17,525 authors and their 22,542 papers. On average, our algorithms correctly predicted 2.5 of the top 5/10 coauthors of individual scientists. Exploded MeSH and author rank outperformed all other algorithms in accuracy, followed closely by MeSH and author rank. Our results show that the accuracy of MeSH term-based matching can be enhanced with other metadata such as author rank
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
"Closing the R&D Gap, Evaluating the Sources of R&D Spending"
No full textBoth spending and tax policies have been implemented in the United States with the goal of stimulating private sector research and development (R&D). Karier questions whether current R&D policy, especially the research and experimentation tax credit, can contribute to closing the gap between nondefense expenditures on R&D in the United States and such expenditures in other countries, such as Japan and Germany. He also explores possible changes to our current R&D policy to make it more effective.
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Scholarly Communication and Publishing Lunch and Learn Talk #11: The ULS Open Access Author Fee Fund
No full textAt the May 2014 talk, you will learn about the ULS Open Access Author Fee Fund--what it is, why we do it, how it works, and how the program is going so far
The R&D Tax Incentives
No full textThis article sets out some background information and reflections of the author on the R&D tax incentive schemes included in the Common Corporate Tax Base (CCTB) Proposal. In particular the author analyzes the stimulus to private R&D through ad hoc tax incentives included in the CCTB Proposal and dives into the actual provisions included in the Proposal highlighting the most relevant issues connected with their design and interpretation. Moreover, the author explores the interaction between the CCTB Proposal and the granting by Member States of domestic R&D tax incentives
Study of the very neutron-rich 10He by one-proton transfer reaction 11Li(d,3He)
No full textLa physique à la drip-line offre l'opportunité d'étudier les noyaux à la limite du paysage couvert par la physique nucléaire, où l'addition de nouveaux protons et neutrons ne peut plus être supportée. A l'approche de la drip-line, la structure même des noyaux se trouve modifiée par rapport aux plus stables. Les fermetures de couches classiques disparaissent et de nouveaux phénomènes surgissent, tels que la clusterisation et les halos. Dans ce travail, nous avons revisité la spectroscopie du noyau non-lié 10He par l'intermédiaire d'une réaction de transfert d'un proton 11Li(d,3He) à 50 AMeV étudiée par la méthode de masse manquante. Pour ce faire, nous avons utilisé le détecteur MUST2 sur la ligne RIPS du RIKEN Nishina center. La partie expérimentale de ce travail repose sur un dispositif novateur utilisant des détecteurs de silicium très fins. Pour la première fois, la mise en oeuvre de ces derniers en conjonction avec des détecteurs sensibles en position de haute granularité a été démontrée. L'approche par réaction de transfert conduit à des résultats très clairs sur la position du premier état résonant du 10He, trouvé dans ce travail à 1.4(3) MeV, en accord avec la plupart des précédents travaux expérimentaux. L'obtention pour la première fois d'un facteur spectroscopique permet de nous renseigner sur la nature du recouvrement , trouvé égale à 0.13(6).Physics at the drip-line offer the opportunity to study nuclei at the limits of the nuclear landscape, where additional protons or neutrons can no longer be kept in the nucleus. In the vicinity of the drip-lines, the structural features of the nuclei change with respect to the more stable nuclei, the normal shell closure of particles disappear and new phenomena appear, such as clusterization and halo. In this work we have revisited the spectroscopy of the unbound 10He by means of the 11 Li(d,3 He) reaction at 50 AMeV studied in missing mass method with the MUST2 array at the RIPS beam line of RIKEN. The experimental part of this study rely on new detection set-up using very thin silicon detectors. For the first time, the effective operability of these detectors, in conjunction with high granularity position sensitive detectors, was proved. The transfer reaction approach led to clear results on the 10He first resonant state position, found in this work at 1.4(3) MeV, in agreement with most of the previous experimental works. The extraction of a spectroscopic factor for the first time shed light on the overlap, found to be 0.13(6)
Réalisation d un mannequin anthropomorphe pourvu de détecteurs afin d évaluer la dose efficace aux postes de travail soumis à des champs photoniques (étude expérimentale)
No full textLe travail de thèse se propose d étudier la faisabilité pratique de la réalisation de cet instrument d expertise qui sera utilisé par le Laboratoire de Dosimétrie des Rayonnements Ionisants pour l étude des postes en radioprotection. Le travail se divise en deux aspects principaux : le premier concerne, le système de dosimétrie dont les détecteurs seront insérés dans le mannequin et le deuxième étudie (par simulation à l aide d un code de calcul Monte Carlo) les précisions des estimations de E pour différentes configurations d irradiation que l on pourrait obtenir avec notre instrument de mesure, en prenant en considération toutes les contraintes expérimentales. La caractérisation du détecteur a permis d obtenir une mesure de la dose approchant à +-30 % la dose déposée dans le tissu-mou dont est constitué le mannequin pour la gamme d énergie entre 60 keV et 4 MeV. Les simulations numériques Monte Carlo, ont été réalisées à partir de la voxelisation d un mannequin physique existant dans lequel ont été modélisés les capteurs placés aux positions déterminées lors de l étude théorique, adaptées à notre géométrie. Ainsi, pour des irradiations homogènes, hétérogènes et typiques d un poste de travail, le mannequin instrumenté permettrait l estimation de la dose efficace E à +-25 % pour la gamme d énergie de 50 keV à 4 MeV. La plus value du mannequin instrumenté sur la précision de l estimation de E a été démontrée par comparaison aux valeurs obtenus pour l équivalent de dose individuel Hp(10) pour les configurations étudiées.ORSAY-PARIS 11-BU Sciences (914712101) / SudocSudocFranceF
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