1,721,022 research outputs found
Gerechtigkeit und Bedürfnis: Perspektiven auf den Begriff des »Bedürfnisses« vor dem Hintergrund der Bedarfsgerechtigkeit
Full text link»Wahrheit ist, was uns verbindet«: Den Absolventinnen und Absolventen der Fakultät IV zum Geleit
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Needs-based justice: theory and evidence
Full text linkThe aim of this chapter is to use both philosophical analysis and empirical evidence to map the way in which claims of need feature in our thinking about distributive justice. The first question is whether a clear line can be drawn between needs and other demands that can be described as interests or preferences, and if so how? Where needs can be identified, what role do they play in decisions over resource allocation? In particular, does justice require that those whose needs are greatest should always have first claim on the resources available, or should resources be distributed more widely and evenly, for example in proportion to relative degrees of need? Might there even be cases in which triage is considered to be a just practice, with priority given to those whose needs can be fulfilled with least expenditure of resources? What difference, if any, does it make if recipients are responsible for having unsatisfied needs as a result of their past behaviour? Does this diminish their claim to be helped, or maybe eliminate it entirely? By reviewing experimental and other work on relevant aspects of justice, the author explores how far philosophical theories of needs-based justice capture the role that needs play in lay thinking about just distribution
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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