1,734,213 research outputs found
Predicting ride comfort with reclined seats
No full textReclined seats in transport suggest luxury and comfort, but a review of the literature revealed little study of how backrest inclination influences the discomfort caused by vibration of a seat or a backrest. This thesis seeks to advance understanding of the influence of backrest inclination on vibration discomfort and provides a model for evaluating vibration discomfort and metrics for optimising seats with different backrest inclinations.Vibration discomfort depends on the direction and location of vibration input to the body. Subjects used magnitude estimation to judge vibration magnitudes from thresholds of perception up to 2 ms-2 r.m.s. at the 11 preferred 1/3-octave centre frequencies from 2.5 to 25 Hz. The first two experiments determined absolute thresholds and discomfort with x-axis backrest vibration (Experiment 1) and z-axis backrest vibration (Experiment 2) with four backrest inclinations (0°, 30°, 60°, and 90° from vertical). The third experiment investigated discomfort with vertical seat pan vibration and five backrest conditions (no backrest and backrest inclined to 0°, 30°, 60°, and 90°). With x-axis vibration of the back, inclining the backrest had similar effects on thresholds and equivalent comfort contours. Thresholds increased at frequencies from 4 to 8 Hz with increasing inclination of the backrest. With inclined backrests, 40% greater magnitudes of vibration were required from 4 to 8 Hz, to cause discomfort equivalent to that with the upright backrest. Frequency weighting Wc in current standards predicted discomfort and perception of x-axis vibration of the upright backrest (0°) but weighting Wb was more appropriate for inclined backrests. Frequency weighting Wd was appropriate for both discomfort and perception of z-axis vibration of the back at all backrest inclinations. With vertical seat acceleration, the frequency of greatest sensitivity decreased with increasing vibration magnitude. Compared to an upright backrest, around the main resonance of the body the vibration magnitudes required to cause similar discomfort were 100% greater with 60° and 90° backrest inclinations and 50% greater with a 30° backrest inclination.The fourth experiment investigated whole-body vertical vibration on a rigid seat with no backrest and with four backrest inclinations. With an inclined backrest, discomfort caused by high frequency vibration increased at the head or neck but discomfort at the head or neck caused by low frequencies (5 and 6.3 Hz) reduced. With inclined backrests, the procedures in current standards overestimate overall discomfort at frequencies around 5 and 6.3 Hz but underestimate discomfort caused by frequencies greater than about 8 Hz.The final experiment investigated a model for predicting vibration discomfort with three compliant reclined seats. At each frequency, the measured seat dynamic discomfort, MSDD (the ratio of the vibration acceleration required to cause similar discomfort with a compliant seat and a rigid reference seat), was compared with seat effective amplitude transmissibility, SEAT value (the ratio of overall ride values with a compliant seat and a rigid reference seat using the weightings in current standards). The compliant seats increased vibration discomfort at frequencies around the 4-Hz resonance but reduced vibration discomfort at frequencies greater than about 6.3 Hz. The SEAT values provided appropriate indications of how the foam increased vibration discomfort at some frequencies but decreased vibration discomfort at other frequencies. Differences between the SEAT values and the measured seat dynamic discomfort are consistent with the need for different frequency weightings when the body is supported by an inclined backrest.An empirical model was evolved from the experiments for predicting vibration discomfort with reclined seats. It is concluded that reclining a backrest will tend to be detrimental at frequencies greater than about 10 Hz with greater discomfort in the head or neck induced by vibration of the backrest. At frequencies around 5 and 6.3 Hz, reclining a backrest can reduce discomfort
Hasan Basri Aktan ile sözlü tarih görüşmesi
No full textBu görüşme, Doç. Dr. Erol Kaya tarafından, Şehre Tanıklık Edenler: Erzincan'ın Sözlü Tarih Envanteri Projesi başlığı altında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu proje kapsamında yapılan görüşmelerin sayısı 58'dir.1952 yılında Erzincan’ın Kemaliye ilçesinde doğan Hasan Basri Aktan, kısaca çocukluğundan, eğitiminden ve ailesinden bahsetmektedir. Devamında meslek hayatı ile ilgili bilgiler veren Aktan, Maliye Bakanlığı’ndaki yurtiçi ve yurtdışı görevlerini anlatır. Görevi süresince Türkiye’nin ekonomi politikalarına ve bunların icrasına şahit olan Aktan, bu konularda bildiklerini de aktarır. Çocukluk yıllarına dönerek özellikle kırsal yaşama ve buradaki sosyal yapıya değinir. Son olarak, Erzincan’ın geleceği hakkındaki düşüncelerini anlatır.Avrupa Birliği Eğitim ve Gençlik Programları Merkezi BaşkanlığıErol KayaKaya, Erol. Şehre tanıklık edenler: Erzincan sözlü tarih çalışması. Erzincan: [y.y], 2012. (c. I-II)
Equivalent comfort contours for whole-body vertical vibration: effect of backrest inclination
No full textThe inclination of a backrest may be expected to alter the vibration transmitted to the body and the associated vibration discomfort. This study examined the influence of backrest inclination on the discomfort arising from whole-body vertical vibration when sitting in a rigid seat with a backrest inclined at 0? (upright), 30?, 60? and 90? (recumbent). Equivalent comfort contours were determined over the frequency range from 1 to 20 Hz and over the magnitude range from 0.2 to 2.0 ms 2 r.m.s. relative to the discomfort caused by 8-Hz vertical vibration at 0.4 ms-2 r.m.s. When sitting with the backrest inclined to 60? or 90?, there was less discomfort around 5 and 6.3 Hz than when sitting with the upright backrest. Around 16 and 20 Hz there was greater discomfort when sitting with the backrest inclined to 30?, 60?, and 90? than when sitting with the upright backrest. The reductions in discomfort at the lower frequencies may be associated with increased postural support and changes in the biodynamic responses of the body when reclined. Increased transmission of vibration to the head may explain the greater discomfort at high frequencies when sitting reclined. It is concluded that different methods of vibration evaluation are appropriate when evaluating vibration with upright and inclined backrests
Discomfort caused by x-axis vibration of the back: effect of backrest inclination
No full textVibration of the back is a potential source of discomfort for car passengers, with vibration in the x-axis (i.e. fore-and-aft with an upright backrest) often dominant. This study investigated how vibration discomfort depends on both the frequency of x-axis backrest vibration and the inclination of the backrest. Twelve subjects seated with a rigid backrest inclined by 0, 30, 60, or 90 degrees rated the discomfort caused by x-axis backrest vibration at 11 frequencies (between 2.5 and 25 Hz) at 9 levels (from about 3 to 24 dB above the absolute threshold in 3 dB steps) relative to the discomfort caused by 0.15 ms-2 r.m.s. 8-Hz x-axis backrest vibration. The subjects also rated the discomfort caused by 9 levels of 8-Hz x-axis backrest vibration relative to the discomfort caused by 2.0 ms-2 r.m.s. 8-Hz x-axis (i.e. vertical) vibration of the hand. The vibration acceleration of the backrest required to cause discomfort tended to be least at 8 Hz with the upright backrest and at 10 or 12.5 Hz with the backrest inclined by 30?, 60?, or 90?. At frequencies from 4 to 8 Hz, about 30 to 40% less acceleration was required to cause discomfort with the upright backrest than with the inclined backrests. It is concluded that frequency weighting Wc is appropriate for predicting vibration discomfort caused by x-axis vibration of an upright backrest, but that another frequency weighting (e.g. Wb) would be more appropriate for inclined backrests
Hasan Basri Dokgöz ile sözlü tarih görüşmesi
No full textBu görüşme, Doç. Dr. Erol Kaya tarafından, Şehre Tanıklık Edenler: Erzincan'ın Sözlü Tarih Envanteri Projesi başlığı altında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu proje kapsamında yapılan görüşmelerin sayısı 58'dir.1926 yılında Erzincan’da doğan Hasan Basri Dokgöz, görüşmeye babası ve babasının intisap ettiği şeyh efendi hakkında bilgiler vererek başlar. Doğduğu semtten ve Erzincan kültüründen bahseden Dokgöz, evlilik törenleri, yeme içme kültürü gibi sosyal yaşama dair konulara değinir. Dönemin şartlarında sağlık hizmetlerinin nasıl verildiğini aktaran Dokgöz, o zamanlar revaçta olan mesleklerden ve eğitimin kalitesinden bahseder. 1939 Erzincan Depremi sırasında savaş ve diğer sebepler dolayısıyla ekonomik sıkıntılarla boğuşan halk, tam bir dar boğaza girer. Dönemin tacirleri bu sıkıntıları gidermek için çeşitli girişimlerde bulunur. Deprem sırasında ve sonrasında şahit olduğu olayları aktardıktan sonra şehrin yeniden imarından ve depremzedelerin yerleştirildiği muvakkat şehirden bahsetmektedir. Meslek hayatı hakkında bilgiler veren Dokgöz, dönemin esnaflık anlayışı ve ticaret ahlakına da değinir. Son olarak Erzincan yöresine ait edebi öğelerden örnekler verir.Avrupa Birliği Eğitim ve Gençlik Programları Merkezi BaşkanlığıErol KayaKaya, Erol. Şehre tanıklık edenler: Erzincan sözlü tarih çalışması. Erzincan: [y.y], 2012. (c. I-II)
PHILOSOPHICAL VIEW AND RARAMBANGAH SYSTEM: A LOCAL GENIUS OF THE BAJAU PEOPLE LIVING AT BUNGIN PERMAI VILLAGE, SOUTHEAST SULAWESI
Full text linkAccording to the philosophical view of the Bajau people, the values inherited from their ancestors which are maintained in their socio-cultural belief still constitute their supernatural strength, which is still referred to when they conceptualize and express their lives, the essence of their lives, objectives, orientation, knowledge and their interpretation of the cosmos. It is their local genius which has enabled them to survive and grow in the sea which is full of challenges. As their creative reply to numerous problems faced to make both ends meet, they have developed a social network termed as rarambangah, in which a number of people, who have the same objective to alleviate their living burden by helping, trusting and accepting each other, develop a social network
BIOGRAFI H. BASRI : SEORANG PENGUSAHA EMAS DI BUKITTINGGI (1981-2009)
No full textSkripsi ini berjudul “Biografi H. Basri : Seorang Pengusaha Emas di Bukittinggi (1981-2009)“. Penelitian ini memfokuskan dan menggambarkan sisi kehidupan H. Basri, seorang wiraswastawan dalam perusahaan dagang Toko Emas H. Basri, juga peran aktifnya dalam membangun dan mengembangkan pendidikan Islam di kampung halamannya, dalam bentuk sebuah pesantren yang bernama Pondok Pesantren H. Abdul Karim Syu’ib .
Penelitian ini merupakan penulisan biografi yang menggambarkan atau memperkenalkan seseorang melalui kisah hidupnya. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan studi pustaka dan wawancara. Studi pustaka dilakukan guna mendapatkan sumber tertulis. Dari studi pustaka didapat dokumen-dokumen dan arsip-arsip aktivitas H. Basri. Sementara data wawancara dilakukan dengan H. Basri sendiri dan beberapa tokoh lain yang berada di sekitar kehidupannya.
Hasil penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa H. Basri berasal dari keluarga yang sederhana. Ia lahir pada tanggal 5 Agustus 1949 di Nagari Guguak Randah, Kecamatan IV Koto, Kabupaten Agam. Ayahnya, Barunun, seorang pedagang kain di kawasan Pasar Atas Bukittinggi. Barunun adalah seorang pekerja keras dan selalu disiplin dalam bekerja. Pada tahun 1964 dalam usia 51 tahun Barunun meninggal dunia di Padang karena sakit yang sudah lima tahun dialaminya. Ibunya bernama Jusma, sepeninggal suaminya Jusma berusaha menghidupi tujuh orang anak-anaknya dengan melanjutkan usaha sang suami, karena tidak memiliki kemampuan dagang layaknya sang suami, usaha tersebut selalu mengalami kerugian hingga satu tahun kemudian gulung tikar, setelah itu Jusma hanya berjualan barang hari-harian di belakang rumahnya. Kepergian ayahnya dan kerja keras yang ditunjukkan ibunya membuat kepribadian H. Basri tumbuh sebagai orang yang memiliki kedisiplinan dan kemandirian yang tinggi. Kemandirian dan kedisiplinan tersebut merupakan dasar dari keberhasilan H. Basri merintis usahanya dikemudian hari.
Ia merintis usahanya dari awal hingga mencapai lima buah anak cabang perusahaan, perusahaan dagang Toko Emas H. Basri biasa berkembang berkat kerja keras H. Basri dan sikapnya yang tegas, cermat, tekun, dan ulet dalam mengelola perusahaan. Sikap H. Basri sebagai pemimpin sangat tegas dan disiplin terhadap bawahan yang tidak sesuai dengan peraturaan yang ada. H. Basri juga berperan aktif dalam membangun serta memajukan pendidikan Islam di kampungnya, hal ini dapat dilihat dengan dibangunnya sebuah pesantren yang bernama Pondok Pesantren H. Abdul Karim Syu’ib. Ia berperan aktif dalam setiap kegiatan yang melibatkan pesantren tersebut
Driss Basri. L'administration territoriale. L'expérience marocaine
No full textBelgourch Abderrahman. Driss Basri. L'administration territoriale. L'expérience marocaine. In: Politique étrangère, n°2 - 1989 - 54ᵉannée. pp. 342-343
Hasan Basri: Perjalanan Birokrat Sejati
No full textKehadiran tokoh sangat berarti dalam pembangunan bangsa dan negara. Menurut Carlyle, tanpa tokoh tidak akan terjadi perubahan. Ada beraneka ragam tokoh mulai dari pelopor di bidang pendidikan, pemerintahan, pertanian, industri, teknologi dan juga mereka yang berjasa dalam bidang kebudayaan. Berdasarkan tingkat popularitas pula dapat diperhatikan; tokoh lokal, nasional, dan dunia. Akan tetapi yang terpenting dari semua itu adalah perjuangan mereka dalam kemaslahatan umat. Jika kita tempatkan sebagai warga negara, maka tokoh telah berjasa bagi pembangunan bangsa dan negara. Di Indonesia tokoh pada akhirnya akan dikenang sebagai seorang pahlawan. Berbeda dengan usaha perjuangan kemerdekaan para tokoh bangsa lebih dekat dengan sebutan pahlawan perjuang kemerdekaan, namun setelah kemerdekaan tokoh bangsa akrab dengan sebutan pahlawan pembangunan, seperti pada zaman Orde Baru Presiden Soeharto dikenal sebagai Bapak Pembangunan.
Sesuai dengan jiwa zaman, maka para pemimpin negara pada masa Orde Baru mulai dari tingkat nasional hingga daerah berada pada satu visi dalam melaksanakan pembangunan. Pembangunan ini dikenal dengan PELITA (Pembangunan Lima Tahun). PELITA tentu tidak akan berhasil tanpa perjuangan dari tokoh lokal, seperti halnya gubernur, bupati, wali kota, camat, lurah, hingga RW dan RT. Bupati memiliki peran berarti dalam pengembangan kawasan. Pelaksanaan pembangunan di daerah bukanlah hal yang mudah terutama di periode awal PELITA. Kehadiran kepala daerah tingkat kabupaten barangkali lebih penting karena mereka merupakan ujung tombak pelaksana di lapangan. Seorang bupati lebih banyak terlibat dalam bidang agraria karena sektor pertanian merupakan andalan untuk mengembangkan daerahnya. Para bupati akan menghadapi tantangan besar dalam melaksanakan kebijakan pembangunan, namun berkat kekuatan dan kesabaran hambatan yang dihadapi berhasil dilewati untuk membangun bangsa.
Satu di antara pemimpin di Sumatera Barat yang berperan besar bagi perubahan di daerah adalah Bupati Kabupaten Solok periode 1975–1985, Hasan Basri. Beliau boleh dikatakan sebagai salah satu bupati yang berhasil membangun daerahnya setelah peristiwa pergolakan di Indonesia. Mulai dari peristiwa PRRI hingga peristiwa tahun 1965, berpengaruh besar terhadap hubungan pusat dengan daerah. Banyak orang Minangkabau yang kemudian mengalami trauma, bahkan menukar nama dengan nama-nama Jawa. Selanjutnya, peristiwa 1965 yang bersifat nasional telah menggoyahkan sendi-sendi kebangsaan termasuk Sumatera Barat. Waktu pemulihan cukup beragam. Memasuki tahun 1970-an situasi di Sumatera Barat masih memprihatinkan karena masyarakat mengalami kesulitan pangan akibat inflasi yang tinggi. Situasi inilah yang dihadapi oleh Hasan Basri dalam perjalanannya sebagai birokrat sejak diangkat sebagai Pejabat Wali Kota tahun 1970, Wali Kota Solok tahun 1971–1975, dan Bupati Kabupaten Solok pada periode 1975–1985.
Kehadiran Hasan Basri membuka pintu pembangunan dengan beragam permasalahan, baik sosial, ekonomi, politik, maupun keamanan. Periode awal kepemimpinan Hasan Basri memulai pembangunan di Kabupaten Solok di tahun 1975 dihadapkan dengan situasi yang menantang dan melelahkan. Usaha yang dilakukan oleh Hasan Basri tidaklah kecil karena memulai atau manaruko, banyak bidang yang diusahakan, mulai dari sistem administrasi, pemerintahan, pembangunan di bidang pertanian, peternakan, tata kota, dan kesehatan masyarakat. Dapat dibayangkan pada awal mula Kabupaten Solok berada di tangan Hasan Basri, sehingga dengan demikian penting kiranya dituliskan perjuangan Hasan Basri membangun Kabupaten Solok sebagai salah satu periode penting dalam perjalanan karirnya
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