300 research outputs found
The IPANAT: Validity and Relationship with Cardiovascular Stress-Responses
No full textData belonging to the publication: The Implicit Positive and Negative Affect Test: Validity and Relationship with Cardiovascular Stress-Responses
Melanie M. van der Ploeg, Jos F. Brosschot, Julian F. Thayer and Bart Verkuil
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00425/ful
Additional HRV data
No full textData belonging to the paper "Verkuil B, Brosschot JF, Tollenaar MS, Lane RD, Thayer JF. (in press). Prolonged non-metabolic heart rate variability reduction as a physiological marker of psychological stress in daily life. Annals of Behavioral Medicine.
Versluis - worry postponement
No full textReducing worry and subjective health complaints: A randomized trial of an internet-delivered worry postponement intervention
Anke Versluis, Bart Verkuil and Jos F. Brosschot
British Journal of Health Psychology (2015)
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bjhp.12170/full
Objectives. Several studies have shown that perseverative, worrisome thoughts are prospectively related to subjective health complaints (SHC) and that a short worry
postponement intervention can decrease these complaints. As SHC and worry are prevalent and costly, we tested whether the intervention can be offered online to reduce
these complaints in the general population.
Design. Arandomized parallel-group trial was conducted with self-selected participants from the general population.
Methods. Via the research website, 996 participants were instructed to register their worrying for 6 consecutive days. The intervention group was instructed to postpone
worry to a special 30-min period in the early evening. The Subjective Health Complaints inventory, as administered before and after the intervention, and daily worry frequency
and duration were considered the primary outcomes.
Results. Three hundred and sixty-one participants completed the study. Contrary to our expectation, the registration group (n = 188) did not differ from the intervention
group (n = 163) in SHC (eta-p = .000, CI [0.000–0.003]), or in worry frequency or duration. Nevertheless, the different worry parameters were moderately related to SHC
(r between .238 and .340, p ? .001).
Conclusions. In contrast to previous studies using pen-and-pencil versions of the worry postponement intervention, this study suggests that a direct online implementation was
not effective in reducing SHC and worry. Overall, participants had high trait worry levels and reported difficulty with postponing worrying. Reducing SHC and worries via the
Internet might require more elaborate interventions that better incorporate the advantages of delivering interventions online
Transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation does not affect attention to fearful faces in high worriers.
No full textPeople suffering from chronic worries pay excessive attention to emotional information. In this study we examined whether a reduced ability to inhibit attention from fearful faces (i.e. inhibition of return; IOR) can be attributed to the low vagus nerve activity observed in high worriers. Our pre-registered hypothesis was that transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (tVNS) would enhance IOR to fearful faces. Ninety-four students who scored above a pre-determined cut-off on the Penn State Worry Questionnaire were randomly allocated to receive either tVNS (n = 45) or sham stimulation of the earlobe (n = 49). Meanwhile, to assess IOR, they performed an emotional exogenous cueing task wherein neutral and fearful faces predicted the target location at chance level. Resting levels of HRV were also collected before stimulation onset. Results showed that levels of trait worry were associated with reduced IOR, but resting levels of HRV were not. Critically, tVNS did not affect performance on the exogenous cueing task when compared to sham stimulation. These findings did not confirm the hypothesized causal role of vagus nerve activity in maintaining disrupted IOR for emotional information. They also provide evidence that high levels of worry are associated with generally reduced IOR. This points to a clear need to understand the neurobiological basis of inhibitory problems in worriers.sponsorship: This work was supported by a research grant from the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO) awarded to Bart Verkuil (Veni Grant 451-14-013). (Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO)|451-14-013)status: Publishe
Can't Get You Out of My Head: Brain-Body Interactions in Perseverative Cognition
No full textPerseverative cognition is defined as the repetitive or sustained activation of cognitive representations of past stressful events or feared events in the future and even at non-clinical levels it causes a “fight-or-flight” action tendency, followed by a cascade of biological events, starting in the brain and ending as peripheral stress responses. In the past decade, such persistent physiological activation has proven to impact individuals’ health, potentially leading to somatic disease. As such, perseverative cognition has recently been proposed as the missing piece in the relationships between stress, psychopathology, and risk for health. Perseverative cognition is indeed a hallmark of conditions such as anxiety and mood disorders that are at increased -though still unexplained- cardiovascular risk. Although the pivotal role of ruminative and worrisome thoughts in determining the onset and maintenance of psychopathological disorders has been acknowledged for a long time, its effects on the body via reciprocal influences between mental processes and the body's physiology have been neglected. Moreover, perseverative cognition is definitely not restricted to psychopathology, it is extremely common and likely even omnipresent, pervading daily life. The objective of the Research Topic is to provide an interdisciplinary examination of cutting-edge neuroscientific research on brain-body signatures of perseverative cognition in both healthy and psychopathological individuals. Despite the evident role of the brain in repetitive thinking and the assumption that our mind is embodied, bran-body pathways from perseverative cognition to health risk have remained largely unexplored
Effects of non‐invasive vagus nerve stimulation on cognitive and autonomic correlates of perseverative cognition
No full textPerseverative cognitions can provoke psychophysiological stress in the absence of an actual stressor and are considered important transdiagnostic vulnerability factors for several (mental) health issues. These stress-related cognitive processes are reflected by both cognitive (assessed by self-reports) and autonomic inflexibility (assessed by heart rate variability; HRV), with a key role attributed to the vagus nerve. Interestingly, modulation of the afferent branches of the vagus can be achieved with transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS), a non-invasive technique that employs a low-intensity electrical current applied to the ear. In a sample of healthy individuals, we investigated the effects of taVNS of the left concha, compared to sham (earlobe) stimulation, on the cognitive and autonomic correlates of perseverative cognition following a psychosocial stress task. Interestingly, taVNS significantly reduced cognitive rigidity, reflected by reduced subjective perseverative thinking after psychosocial stress. Although there were no direct effects on autonomic correlates of perseverative cognition, individual differences in perseverative thinking after the stressor significantly affected the effects of taVNS on HRV. Specifically, more autonomic inflexibility during the stress task (i.e., reduced HRV) was associated with increases in perseverative thinking afterward for the sham condition, but not the active taVNS condition. Additional exploratory analyses revealed no significant moderation of stimulation intensity. Overall, the study findings endorse the association between perseverative cognitions and vagus nerve functioning
Editorial: Can't Get You Out of My Head: Brain-Body Interactions in Perseverative Cognition
No full textPerseverative cognition represents a prototypical example of how our internal thoughts can impact our psychological and physical health, as if we were facing an actual environmental stressor (Brosschot et al., 2006). The mechanisms involved—together with other emblematic examples like the placebo effect—provide clear evidence for brain-body interaction. This collection of articles presents recent advances in our understanding of perseverative cognition that have arisen from the integration of multidisciplinary approaches encompassing cognitive and clinical psychology, affective neuroscience, and autonomic physiology. These advances carry with them the promise of more effective treatments to mitigate the negative consequences of maladaptive perseverative cognition on health and well-being
Subtle threat cue - van der Ploeg
No full textData belonging to the study:
van der Ploeg MM, Brosschot JF, Verkuil B, Gillie BL, Williams DP, Koenig J, Vasey MW, Thayer JF. (2017). Inducing unconscious stress: Cardiovascular activity in response to subliminal presentation of threatening and neutral words. Psychophysiology, 54(10), 1498-1511.
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/psyp.1289
Versluis - EMI meta analysis
No full textVersluis, A., Verkuil, B., Spinhoven, P., van der Ploeg, M. M., & Brosschot, J. F. (2016). Changing mental health and positive psychological well-being using ecological momentary interventions: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 18(6).
Background: Mental health problems are highly prevalent, and there is need for the self-management of (mental) health. Ecological momentary interventions (EMIs) can be used to deliver interventions in the daily life of individuals using mobile devices.
Objectives: The aim of this study was to systematically assess and meta-analyze the effect of EMI on 3 highly prevalent mental health outcomes (anxiety, depression, and perceived stress) and positive psychological outcomes (eg, acceptance).
Methods: PsycINFO and Web of Science were searched for relevant publications, and the last search was done in September 2015. Three concepts were used to find publications: (1) mental health, (2) mobile phones, and (3) interventions. A total of 33 studies (using either a within- or between-subject design) including 43 samples that received an EMI were identified (n=1301), and relevant study characteristics were coded using a standardized form. Quality assessment was done with the Cochrane Collaboration tool.
Results: Most of the EMIs focused on a clinical sample, used an active intervention (that offered exercises), and in over half of the studies, additional support by a mental health professional (MHP) was given. The EMI lasted on average 7.48 weeks (SD=6.46), with 2.80 training episodes per day (SD=2.12) and 108.25 total training episodes (SD=123.00). Overall, 27 studies were included in the meta-analysis, and after removing 6 outliers, a medium effect was found on mental health in the within-subject analyses (n=1008), with g=0.57 and 95% CI (0.45-0.70). This effect did not differ as function of outcome type (ie, anxiety, depression, perceived stress, acceptance, relaxation, and quality of life). The only moderator for which the effect varied significantly was additional support by an MHP (MHP-supported EMI, g=0.73, 95% CI: 0.57-0.88; stand-alone EMI, g=0.45, 95% CI: 0.22-0.69; stand-alone EMI with access to care as usual, g=0.38, 95% CI: 0.11-0.64). In the between-subject studies, 13 studies were included, and a small to medium effect was found (g=0.40, 95% CI: 0.22-0.57). Yet, these between-subject analyses were at risk for publication bias and were not suited for moderator analyses. Furthermore, the overall quality of the studies was relatively low.
Conclusions: Results showed that there was a small to medium effect of EMIs on mental health and positive psychological well-being and that the effect was not different between outcome types. Moreover, the effect was larger with additional support by an MHP. Future randomized controlled trials are needed to further strengthen the results and to determine potential moderator variables. Overall, EMIs offer great potential for providing easy and cost-effective interventions to improve mental health and increase positive psychological well-being
Physiological concomitants of perseverative cognition. A systematic review and meta-analysis
No full textRumination about the past and worries about the future (perseverative cognition) are extremely common,
although pervasive and distressing, dysfunctional cognitive processes. Perseverative cognition is not only
implicated in psychological health, contributing to mood worsening and psychopathology but, due to its
ability to elicit prolonged physiological activity, is also considered to play a role in somatic health.
Although there is emerging evidence that such negative and persistent thoughts have consequences on the
body, this association has not yet been quantified. The aim of this study was to meta-analyze available
studies on the physiological concomitants of perseverative cognition in healthy subjects. Separate
meta-analyses were performed on each examined physiological parameter. Sixty studies were eligible for
the analyses. Associations emerged between perseverative cognition and higher systolic blood pressure
(SBP) (g .45) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (g .51) in experimental studies, and higher heart
rate (HR) (g .28 and g .20) and cortisol (g .36 and g .32), and lower heart rate variability (HRV)
(g .15 and g .27) in experimental and correlational studies, respectively. Significant moderators
were sex, ethnicity, type of induction used to elicit perseverative cognition, assessment of state versus
trait perseverative cognition, focus on worry or rumination, duration of physiological assessment, and
quality of the studies. With the exception of blood pressure, results were not influenced by publication
bias. Results show that perseverative cognition affects cardiovascular, autonomic, and endocrine nervous
system activity, suggesting a pathogenic pathway to long-term disease outcomes and clarifying the still
unexplained relationship between chronic stress and health vulnerability
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