4,959 research outputs found
Neural correlates of processing valence and arousal in affective words
No full textPsychological frameworks conceptualize emotion along 2 dimensions, "valence" and "arousal." Arousal invokes a single axis of intensity increasing from neutral to maximally arousing. Valence can be described variously as a bipolar continuum, as independent positive and negative dimensions, or as hedonic value (distance from neutral). In this study, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging to characterize neural activity correlating with arousal and with distinct models of valence during presentation of affective word stimuli. Our results extend observations in the chemosensory domain suggesting a double dissociation in which subregions of orbitofrontal cortex process valence, whereas amygdala preferentially processes arousal. In addition, our data support the physiological validity of descriptions of valence along independent axes or as absolute distance from neutral but fail to support the validity of descriptions of valence along a bipolar continuum
The Upgrade, Calibration and Evaluation of the Multi-Slit OSIRIS-DM for Stratospheric Balloon Flight
No full textThe development of remote sensing satellite-borne instrumentation for the study of the Earth’s atmosphere has provided an immense increase in our understanding of atmospheric trends and processes. The Canadian built OSIRIS satellite instrument uses the limb scatter technique to measure scattered sunlight for the retrieval of vertical profiles of atmospheric species such as ozone. Recently, the next generation instrument, CATS, based on the OSIRIS design, is under development to continue OSIRIS measurements into the future. One key optical design change for CATS is the ability to measure simultaneously over multiple fields of view. However, this new optical design concept needs to be tested and evaluated. To achieve this, a prototype slit plate was installed into the preflight developmental version of OSIRIS, called OSIRIS-DM, for testing in the laboratory and on a stratospheric balloon.
In this thesis work, an evaluation of the performance of this multi-slit instrument was undertaken through laboratory calibrations and limb scatter measurement collection. The calibration process includes a wavelength registration, a spectral point spread function analysis, a relative calibration and an absolute calibration, all performed with laboratory equipment.
Along with laboratory calibrations, this thesis work involved preparation for the stratospheric balloon mission including the development of a flight ready electronic control and communication system to operate OSIRIS-DM during the mission. The upgraded instrument was launched on September 19, 2014, and ascended to a stable float altitude of 36.5 km. The collected flight measurements were used to evaluate the calibrations and general instrument performance. Overall, the laboratory calibrations proved to be sufficiently accurate and the measurement collection produced multiple spectra that may be used for atmospheric analysis in the future. These results show that the multi-slit design of the slit plate produces an instrument that can be reliably calibrated and implemented for limb scatter measurement collection
Endoscopic treatment of Barrett esophagus
No full textCatedra Chirurgie Nr.1 “Nicolae Anestiadi”, Laboratorul Chirurgie Hepato-Pancreato-Biliară, IMSP Institutul de Medicină
Urgentă, Catedra chirurgie Nr.4, Universitatea de Stat de Medicină și Farmacie „Nicolae Testemițanu”, Laboratorul de
endoscopie digestivă avansată (LEDA) CM „Excellence”, Chișinău, Republica Moldova, Al XIII-lea Congres al Asociației Chirurgilor „Nicolae Anestiadi” și
al III-lea Congres al Societății de Endoscopie, Chirurgie miniminvazivă și Ultrasonografie ”V.M.Guțu” din Republica MoldovaIntroducere: Esofagul Barrett (EB) este condiţie premalignă, displazia este factorul predictiv pentru dezvoltarea adenocarcinomului
(AC).
Scopul: Revizuirea dovezilor privind tratamentul endoscopic al EB și AC precoce.
Material și metode: Metaplazia columnară în esofag a fost definită ca esofag columnar metaplaziat (ECM). EB a fost definit la prezenţa
metaplaziei intestinale. Examinarea endoscopică - GIF HQ190(Olympus). Tratamentul endoscopic - GIF 1TH190, electrochirurgie
Vio200D, coagulare argon-plazmă APC 2(ERBE). S-au studiat 102 cazuri ECM, inclusiv 35 displazie minoră (DM), 17 displazie
avansată (DA), 3 AC precoce (T1m). Tactica de tratament - în funcţie de prezenţa şi tipul metaplaziei, gradul displaziei şi neoplaziei. AC
şi DA au fost tratate prin REM/DES (n=18/n=2). DM(n=35): 5 cazuri - supraveghere endoscopică, 7 cazuri - REM, 23 cazuri – ablaţie
APC. Herniile hiatale (n=19) au fost tratate prin fundoplicaţie chirurgicală în etapă II. Tratament endolumenal al EB postfundoplicaţie - 6 cazuri.
Rezultate: Supraveghere endoscopică/histologică 1-5 ani: reversibilitatea ECM nu s-a determinat, progresie DM (n=6) din ECM fără
displazie, DA (n=7) din DM, AC T1m (n=2) din DA. La toţi 6 pacienţi, după fundoplicaţie (EB netratat preoperatoriu), diagnosticarea
s-a apreciat ca dificilă, regresia EB nu s-a constatat, tratamentul endoscopic într-o sedință a fost incomplet (EB restant – 1 caz după
REM, 5 cazuri după AAP – tratament reablaţie). Supraveghere endoscopică 1-5 ani - recidive absente.
Concluzii: ECM tip gastric fără displazie necesită supraveghere endoscopică, EB fără displazie - AAP. DM poate fi tratată prin AAP.
DA şi AC precoce necesită DES/REM cu confirmarea histologică a R0 criteriilor pentru neoplazie. Tratamentul endolumenal trebuie să
anticipeze fundoplicaţia chirurgicală.Introduction: Barrett’s esophagus (BE) is a premalignant condition; the presence of dysplasia is the predictive factor for the
development of esophageal adenocarcinoma (AC). Aim: To review the available evidence of the endoscopic treatment of BE.
Material and methods: Columnar metaplasia above the gastro-esophageal junction was defined as a columnar lined esophagus
(CLE). BE is defined as the presence of intestinal metaplasia. Endoscopic examination - GIF HQ190(Olympus). Endoscopic treatment
- GIF 1TH190, electrosurgery - Vio200D, argon-plasma ablation - APC 2 (ERBE). A total of 102 cases were examined CLE: 35 lowgrade dysplasia (LGD), 17 high grade dysplasia (HGD), 3 early AC (T1m). The treatment tactic – based on the appearance and the
type of the metaplasia, the grade of dysplasia and neoplasia. AC and HGD were treated with EMR/ESD(n=18/n=2). LGD(n=35): 8
cases - 5 endoscopic surveillance, 7 cases - EMR, 23 cases – argon plasma coagulation (APC). Hiatal hernias (HH) (n=19) were
treated through surgical fundoplication in stage II. Endolumenal treatment of post fundoplication BE - 6 cases.
Results: Endoscopic surveillance 1-5 years: no reversibility of CLE was found, progression LGD (n=6) of CLE without dysplasia, HGD
(n=7) of LGD, AC T1m (n=2) of HGD. For all 6 patients, after fundoplication (pre-surgery untreated BE), the diagnosis turned to be
difficult, the regression of BE was absent, the endoscopic treatment was incomplete. Residual BE – 1 case after EMR, 5 cases after
APC – reablation. Endoscopic surveillance 1-5 years – absent relapses.
Conclusions: Gastric CLE without dysplasia necessities endoscopic surveillance, BE without dysplasia - APC. LGD can be treated
through APC. HGD, early AC necessities ESD/EMR with histologic confirmation of R0 criteria for neoplasia. Endoluminal treatment
needs to anticipate surgical fundoplication
Entanglement and quantity in quantum space - About quantum measurement (II)
No full textAs a continuation and extension of "quantity in phase space" "quantity in quantum space" is introduced. With that, the disappearing of quantum interference discussed in a previous paper [S. Durr, et al., Nature 395 (1998) 33] is explained in the same spirit as our recent papers [Ren De-Ming, Commun. Theor. Phys. (Beijing, China) 41 (2004) 685, 833].Physics, MultidisciplinarySCI(E)中国科学引文数据库(CSCD)1ARTICLE133-364
Reviewing the Effects of Misfolded Tau Proteins in Alzheimer’s Disease
No full textabstract: Current research attempts to address the increasing prevalence of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) by
finding causes and treatments to revert misfolded proteins and ceasing progression due to
Diabetes Mellitus (DM). The goal of this review is to highlight the contribution of misfolded Tau
protein to AD through neurofibrillary tangles solely, and in conjunction with known causative
agents such as -amyloid protein. Finally, it interprets the association of Tau with DM and its
effects on the progression of AD
Sneutrino DM in the NMSSM with inverse seesaw mechanism
No full textIn supersymmetric theories like the Next-to-Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (NMSSM), the lightest neutralino with bino or singlino as its dominant component is customarily taken as dark matter (DM) candidate. Since light Higgsinos favored by naturalness can strength the couplings of the DM and thus enhance the DM-nucleon scattering rate, the tension between naturalness and DM direct detection results becomes more and more acute with the improved experimental sensitivity. In this work, we extend the NMSSM by inverse seesaw mechanism to generate neutrino mass, and show that in certain parameter space the lightest sneutrino may act as a viable DM candidate, i.e. it can annihilate by multi-channels to get correct relic density and meanwhile satisfy all experimental constraints. The most striking feature of the extension is that the DM-nucleon scattering rate can be naturally below its current experimental bounds regardless of the higgsino mass, and hence it alleviates the tension between naturalness and DM experiments. Other interesting features include that the Higgs phenomenology becomes much richer than that of the original NMSSM due to the relaxed constraints from DM physics and also due to the presence of extra neutrinos, and that the signatures of sparticles at colliders are quite different from those with neutralino as DM candidate.National Natural Science Foundation of China (NNSFC) [11575053]SCI(E)ARTICLE1
Classical mechanics and quantum mechanics
No full textThe Newton equation of motion is derived from quantum mechanics.Physics, MultidisciplinarySCI(E)中国科学引文数据库(CSCD)2ARTICLE5685-6884
Target‐oriented habitat and wildlife management: estimating forage quantity and quality of semi‐natural grasslands with Sentinel‐1 and Sentinel‐2 data
No full textSemi‐natural grasslands represent ecosystems with high biodiversity. Their conservation depends on the removal of biomass, for example, through grazing by livestock or wildlife. For this, spatially explicit information about grassland forage quantity and quality is a prerequisite for efficient management. The recent advancements of the Sentinel satellite mission offer new possibilities to support the conservation of semi‐natural grasslands. In this study, the combined use of radar (Sentinel‐1) and multispectral (Sentinel‐2) data to predict forage quantity and quality indicators of semi‐natural grassland in Germany was investigated. Field data for organic acid detergent fibre concentration (oADF), crude protein concentration (CP), compressed sward height (CSH) and standing biomass dry weight (DM) collected between 2015 and 2017 were related to remote sensing data using the random forest regression algorithm. In total, 102 optical‐ and radar‐based predictor variables were used to derive an optimized dataset, maximizing the predictive power of the respective model. High R2 values were obtained for the grassland quality indicators oADF (R2 = 0.79, RMSE = 2.29%) and CP (R2 = 0.72, RMSE = 1.70%) using 15 and 8 predictor variables respectively. Lower R2 values were achieved for the quantity indicators CSH (R2 = 0.60, RMSE = 2.77 cm) and DM (R2 = 0.45, RMSE = 90.84 g/m²). A permutation‐based variable importance measure indicated a strong contribution of simple ratio‐based optical indices to the model performance. In particular, the ratios between the narrow near‐infrared and red‐edge region were among the most important variables. The model performance for oADF, CP and CSH was only marginally increased by adding Sentinel‐1 data. For DM, no positive effect on the model performance was observed by combining Sentinel‐1 and Sentinel‐2 data. Thus, optical Sentinel‐2 data might be sufficient to accurately predict forage quality, and to some extent also quantity indicators of semi‐natural grassland
Policy-driven Data Sharing over Attribute-Based Encryption supporting Dual Membership
No full textAttribute-Based Encryption (ABE) plays an important role in current secure data sharing through fine-grained customizable policies. However, the existing ABE schemes only support simple predicates, = and ≠, but cannot express a more general membership predicates, ∈ and ∉, in policies. The low expressivity of ABE will enlarge the ciphertext storage and reduce the communication efficiency. To overcome this problem, we propose an ABE supporting Dual Membership (DM-ABE). The core problem for implementing this scheme is how to use cryptographic methods to decide the membership between the verified element and the given set. In order to solve this problem, we design a cryptographic algorithm, called Secure Decision of Membership (SDM), based on aggregation functions. In this algorithm, any set can be aggregated into one cryptographic element, and the verified element and the given set can be converted into another cryptographic element in decision process. The membership between them can be decided by the above two cryptographic elements. Furthermore, we construct the DM-ABE by using SDM. Because of the good expressivity of our DM-ABE, we further propose a novel cryptographic data sharing framework by integrating DM-ABE and attribute-based access control to provide fine-grained access control and security protection for private data. In the security proof of DM-ABE, we prove that the DM-ABE satisfies the semantic security against chosen-plaintext attacks under the DBDHE assumption in the standard model through a unified way, considering both two encryption methods for ∈ and ∉ at the same time. Finally, we analyze our scheme in terms of time and space complexity, and compare it with some existing schemes. The results show that our DM-ABE has a better expressive ability on the boolean logic of general membership predicates, ∈ and ∉.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository 'You share, we take care!' - Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Cyber Securit
The Elucidation of Potential New Factors that Influence and Impact Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Prevalence in Pima Indian populations
No full textabstract: Introduction: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a significant health problem in the United States, with over 20 million adults diagnosed with the condition. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, characterized by insulin resistance, in particular has been associated with various adverse conditions such as chronic kidney disease and peripheral artery disease. The presence of Type 2 Diabetes in an individual is also associated with various risk factors such as genetic markers and ethnicity. Native Americans, in particular, are more susceptible to Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, with Native Americans having over two times the likelihood to present with Type 2 DM than non Hispanic whites. Of worry is the Pima Indian population in Arizona, which has the highest prevalence of Type 2 DM in the world. There have been many risk factors associated with the population such as genetic markers and lifestyle changes, but there has not been much research on the utilization of raw data to find the most pertinent factors for diabetes incidence.
Objective: There were three main objectives of the study. One objective was to elucidate potential new relationships via linear regression. Another objective was to determine which factors were indicative of Type 2 DM in the population. Finally, the last objective was to compare the incidence of Type 2 DM in the dataset to trends seen elsewhere.
Methods: The dataset was uploaded from an open source site with citation onto Python. The dataset, created in 1990, was composed of 768 female patients across 9 different attributes (Number of Pregnancies, Plasma Glucose Levels, Systolic Blood Pressure, Triceps Skin Thickness, Insulin Levels, BMI, Diabetes Pedigree Function, Age and Diabetes Presence (0 or 1)). The dataset was then cleaned using mean or median imputation. Post cleaning, linear regression was done to assess the relationships between certain factors in the population and assessed via the probability statistic for significance, with the exclusion of the Diabetes Pedigree Function and Diabetes Presence. Reverse stepwise logistic regression was used to determine the most pertinent factors for Type 2 DM via the Akaike Information Criterion and through the statistical significance in the model. Finally, data from the Center of Disease Control (CDC) Diabetes Surveillance was assessed for relationships with Female DM Percenatge in Pinal County through Obesity or through Physical Inactivity via simple logistic regression for statistical significance.
Results: The majority of the relationships found were statistically significant with each other. The most pertinent factors of Type 2 DM in the dataset were the number of pregnancies, the plasma glucose levels as well as the Blood Pressure. Via the USDS Data from the CDC, the relationships between Female DM Percentage and the obesity and inactivity percentages were statistically significant.
Conclusion: The trends found in the study matched the trends found in the literature. Per the results, recommendations for better diabetes control include more medical education as well as better blood sugar monitoring.With more analysis, there can be more done for checking other factors such as genetic factors and epidemiological analysis. In conclusion, the study accomplished its main objectives
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