1,721,246 research outputs found
Relative risk aversion models: how plausible are their assumptions ? Review of top-cited articles
No full textEN: This document presents the results of a systematic review of top-cited articles on the Breen-Goldthorpe model of educational decisions.
More specifically, we coded how each article presents and assesses the two key assumptions of this model, the Downward Mobility Assumption and the Risky Choice Asssumption.
FR : Ce document présente les résultats d'une revue systématique des articles les plus cités dans le modèle décisionnel de Breen-Goldthorpe en matière d'éducation.
Plus précisément, nous avons consigné comment chaque article présente et évalue les deux hypothèses essentielles : l'hypothèse de mobilité descendante et l'hypothèse de choix risqué
Role of chemotherapy for advanced/recurrent gastric cancer: an individual-patient-data meta-analysis
No full textRole of chemotherapy for advanced/recurrent gastric cancer: an individual-patient-data meta-analysis.
GASTRIC (Global Advanced/Adjuvant Stomach Tumor Research International Collaboration) Group1, Oba K, Paoletti X, Bang YJ, Bleiberg H, Burzykowski T, Fuse N, Michiels S, Morita S, Ohashi Y, Pignon JP, Rougier P, Sakamoto J, Sargent D, Sasako M, Shitara K, Tsuburaya A, Van Cutsem E, Buyse M.
Collaborators (54)
Buyse M, Michiels S, Oba K, Paoletti X, Rougier P, Yamamoto S, Nakamura K, Bang YJ, Bleiberg H, Burzykowski T, Buyse M, Delbaldo C, Michiels S, Morita S, Oba K, Ohashi Y, Paoletti X, Pignon JP, Rougier P, Sakamoto J, Sargent D, Sasako M, Van Cutsem E, Ajani J, Boku N, Barone C, Borner M, Bouche O, Bugat R, Coombes C, Cullinan S, Dank M, Douglass H, Fuse N, Glimelius B, Hawkins R, Kanzler S, Koizumi W, Kim TW, Lordick F, Moehler M, Nio Y, Ohtsu A, Pozzo C, Reichardt P, Roth A, Schumacher C, Shitara K, Thuss-Patience P, Tsuburaya A, Van Cutsem E, Vanhoefer U, Wils J, Yamamura Y.
Author information
Abstract
We conducted an individual-patient-data meta-analysis of the efficacy of chemotherapy on overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in advanced/recurrent gastric cancer (AGC). Our primary research question was whether the experimental arms of the trials included in the meta-analysis showed a benefit as compared with their corresponding control arms. MEDLINE (up to 2010), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, National Institutes of Health (NIH) trial registry and proceedings of major oncologic and gastrointestinal cancer meetings were searched. Randomised controlled trials for AGC closed to patient accrual before the end of 2006 were eligible. As of December 2010, individual patient data were available from 22 trials (4245 patients, representing 47% of the targeted data) of 55 eligible trials. The overall comparison of experimental arms with the corresponding control arms showed statistically significant differences in terms of both OS and PFS. Hazard ratio was 0.88 (95% confidence interval 0.82-0.94, P<0.0001) for OS and 0.81 (0.76-0.88, P<0.0001) for PFS. The results of the sub-analysis of adding a given chemotherapeutic agent to any chemotherapy confirm the results of the overall analysis, with a hazard reduction of 11% for OS (P<0.01) and 26% for PFS (P<0.0001). This meta-analysis of individual patient data shows that the additions of experimental chemotherapeutic agents to pre-existing control or standard regimens have produced a modest improvement in OS and PFS. Median survival remained below 1 year for all investigated chemotherapy regimens and none emerged as a clear standard
XIII Variazioni con aggiunta di Coda in fine Composta sopra una Canzonetta nazionale austriaca per il Clavicembalo o. Forte-Piano dedicate at Jllustrissimo Sig. Barone Carlo Augusto de Lichtenstein ; Op: 8 / da Giov: Nep: Hummel di Vienna
Full text linkXIII VARIAZIONI CON AGGIUNTA DI CODA IN FINE COMPOSTA SOPRA UNA CANZONETTA NAZIONALE AUSTRIACA PER IL CLAVICEMBALO O. FORTE-PIANO DEDICATE AT JLLUSTRISSIMO SIG. BARONE CARLO AUGUSTO DE LICHTENSTEIN ; OP: 8 / DA GIOV: NEP: HUMMEL DI VIENNA
XIII Variazioni con aggiunta di Coda in fine Composta sopra una Canzonetta nazionale austriaca per il Clavicembalo o. Forte-Piano dedicate at Jllustrissimo Sig. Barone Carlo Augusto de Lichtenstein ; Op: 8 / da Giov: Nep: Hummel di Vienna (1)
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Is university education worth the investment? The expectations of upper secondary school seniors and the role of family background
No full textThis study assesses students’ expectations about the profitability of the investment in university education. We consider Italy as a test case and provide fresh high-quality data on students’ expectations concerning the costs, economic returns and chances of success of this investment. These are compared with data on the corresponding actual values. We find that the estimates provided by upper secondary school seniors are highly inaccurate, highly uncertain and systematically biased. Students overestimate the returns to university degrees, while they are over-pessimistic regarding university costs and drop-out risks. These results confirm previous studies on perceived university costs, but they challenge the dominant view that students can realistically forecast graduate earnings. We trace this discrepancy to two methodological shortcomings of several previous studies on expected graduate earnings. Moreover, we find that information barriers are not equally distributed among social groups. High-status students overestimate the economic returns to university more, and they are more optimistic regarding their chances of success in Higher Education, even after allowing for their higher objective returns and chances of success. Our interpretation of the importance of information barriers focuses on the interaction between cognitive biases and institutional constraints
Understanding how social background influences student choice of GCSEs and post-16 pathways
No full textIs university education worth the investment? The expectations of upper secondary school seniors and the role of family background
No full textThis study assesses students’ expectations about the profitability of the investment in university education. We consider Italy as a test case and provide fresh high-quality data on students’ expectations concerning the costs, economic returns and chances of success of this investment. These are compared with data on the corresponding actual values. We find that the estimates provided by upper secondary school seniors are highly inaccurate, highly uncertain and systematically biased. Students overestimate the returns to university degrees, while they are over-pessimistic regarding university costs and drop-out risks. These results confirm previous studies on perceived university costs, but they challenge the dominant view that students can realistically forecast graduate earnings. We trace this discrepancy to two methodological shortcomings of several previous studies on expected graduate earnings. Moreover, we find that information barriers are not equally distributed among social groups. High-status students overestimate the economic returns to university more, and they are more optimistic regarding their chances of success in Higher Education, even after allowing for their higher objective returns and chances of success. Our interpretation of the importance of information barriers focuses on the interaction between cognitive biases and institutional constraints
Management of Skin Reactions During Cetuximab Treatment in Association With Chemotherapy or Radiotherapy: Update of the Italian Expert Recommendations
No full textObjectives: Cetuximab was shown in phase III clinical trials to improve chemotherapy efficacy in patients with advanced colorectal and head-neck cancer. Appropriate management of skin reactions associated with epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor therapy is necessary to allow adequate drug compliance and to improve patient quality of life and outcomes. Methods: The RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method was used by a group of experts to produce new Italian recommendations on the management of skin reactions in this setting. Statements were generated on the basis of an updated systematic review of the literature and rated twice by a panel of 38 expert physicians. A meeting of the panel was held after the first rating session. Results: Skin reactions included acneiformic rash, skin dryness (xerosis), pruritus, paronychia, hair abnormalities, mucositis, and increased growth of eyelashes or facial hair. Updates of the previous recommendations on the prevention and treatment of each type of reaction were proposed. Conclusions: This updated Expert Opinion focuses on how to assess and correctly grade skin reactions according to the latest National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events and on how to manage these adverse events in clinical practice
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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