1,827 research outputs found
Frontalierato e migrazioni interne
No full textFrontier work is a very special type of migration that is in between internal migration, international migration and short-range commuting. If in theory cross-border workers are the residents of border areas who travel daily to work in the neighboring country, the reality is more complex. On the one hand, frontier work attracts to border areas people originally residing elsewhere; on the other hand, it absorbs workers living in more remote areas that because of high-speed trains can go from their houses to a workplace in another Nation. In this paper, we will deal with a number of cases linked to cross-borders work from Italy to France and Switzerland
Epiphytic lichens of woodland habitats in the lower Ticino river valley and in the “Bosco Siro Negri” Integral Nature State Reserve (NW Italy)
No full textEpiphytic lichens were surveyed in the “Bosco Siro Negri” Integral Nature State
Reserve (province of Pavia, Lombardy, NW Italy), which hosts a well-preserved fragment of
oak-elm floodplain forest (Natura 2000 Habitat 91F0). The core woodland fragment hosted
only four species on the tree boles, i.e. Lepraria finkii plus the forest specialists Coenogonium
pineti, Diarthonis spadicea, and Opegrapha vermicellifera. An additional eight nitro- and
photophytic species were recorded on the highest twigs of the canopy. The whole Reserve,
including the neighbouring degraded woodlands and poplar plantations, hosted 27 epiphytic
lichen taxa. The lower Ticino River valley between Vigevano and Pavia, in which the Reserve
is located, was surveyed for epiphytic lichens in an additional 45 sites, including 15 wellpreserved
oak-elm/hornbeam woodlands (Habitat 91F0), 15 degraded broadleaved woodlands
with high occurrence of black locust and 15 poplar plantations. Overall, 32 species were
recorded. Well-preserved woodlands had a lower species richness, but they hosted forest
specialists not occurring in the other two habitats. Graphis pulverulenta and Lecania cyrtellina
are new to Lombardy. Anisomeridium polypori, Diarthonis spadicea, Lecanora expallens and
Pseudoschismatomma rufescens are reported from Lombardy for the second time
Habitat loss, extinction debt and climate change threaten terricolous lichens in lowland open dry habitats
No full textTwo Cladonia species new to Italy from dry habitats in the Po Plain
No full textTwo Cladonia species new to Italy from dry habitats in the Po Plain. - Herzogia 31: 293–303.Cladonia conista and C. pulvinata occur at several sites in dry lowland habitats in the Po Plain (northern Italy). Vegetation relevés are provided in order to characterize the main lichen associations (Cladonietum rei, Cladonietum foliaceae, Pycnothelio-Cladonietum cervicornis) and vascular plant communities in which the two species were found in Thero-Airion dry acidic grasslands and in dry open Calluna heathlands
TUTELA DEL LAVORO E LIBERTA' D'IMPRESA NEI PROCESSI DI ESTERNALIZZAZIONE
No full textL’elaborato analizza le conseguenze lavoristiche della successione fra imprenditori, muovendo da una ricognizione delle varie tipologie di esternalizzazione con le relative esigenze e principali criticità.
L’indagine si concentra in primo luogo sul trasferimento d’azienda, esaminando la normativa e la giurisprudenza europee per passare poi alla disciplina di diritto interno, alle procedure sindacali e a uno specifico focus sul trasferimento delle aziende in crisi.
Successivamente l’autore si sofferma sull’appalto, prendendone in particolare considerazione gli indici di genuinità, i criteri di distinzione dalla somministrazione illecita di manodopera e la tutela delle maestranze in caso di avvicendamento fra imprese.
Da ultimo, la ricerca approfondisce le c.d. “clausole sociali”, sia di prima che di seconda generazione, valutandone la compatibilità con il diritto eurounitario e con la costituzione nonché riflettendo sui possibili rimedi in caso di loro violazione.The author analyzes the labour consequences of the succession between entrepreneurs, starting from a recognition of the various types of outsourcing with the related needs and main critical issues.
The survey focuses primarily on the transfer of businesses, examining European legislation and case-law and then moving on to internal legislation, trade union procedures and a specific focus on the transfer of companies in crisis.
The author then dwells on the contract, taking into account in particular the indications of authenticity, the criteria of distinction from the illicit administration of labour and the protection of workers in the event of turnover between companies.
Finally, the research deepens the "social clauses", both first and second generation, assessing their compatibility with European law and with the constitution and reflecting on possible remedies in case of their violation
Contrasting Response of Mountain Plant-Pollinator Network to Fragmented Semi-Natural Grasslands
No full textThe majority of the world’s plants rely on animal pollinators for reproduction, making pollination a key ecosystem service for the maintenance of natural and cultivated plant communities. Mutual interactions between plants and pollinators, also called “plant-pollinator networks”, are becoming increasingly vulnerable due to the intensification of anthropogenic land use and climate change. Thus, due to the rapid decline of semi-natural grasslands in the Northern Apennines (Italy), we aimed at understanding how the fragmentation of these habitats, the spatial distribution, and the amount of semi- and natural areas surrounding them, could affect species diversity and plant-pollinator networks. Specifically, in the Northern Apennines, we monitored semi-natural grasslands belonging to the EU habitat type 6510 to evaluate the effect of fragmentation on plant and pollinator richness and on the plant-pollinator network. We carried out generalized linear models considering three taxonomical and six network descriptors as response variables and the combinations of grasslands size and isolation, as well as 10 other factors describing landscape composition as explanatory variables. We found a well-structured plant-pollinator network, characterized by a high diversity of both plants and pollinators, with mutual relations marginally specialized, highly affected by habitat fragmentation and the land use of surrounding grasslands. Moreover, large and neighboring patches increased pollinator richness and improved the overall network structure while the occurrence of meadows and shrubs around fragmented patches was important to ensure the continuity of floristic resources. Finally, extensive croplands and agricultural settlements significantly reduced plant and pollinator diversity, favoring generalist (probably invasive) species, which however increased the strength and stability of the network
Dry grasslands of central-western Po Plain (Italy): implications under Council Directive 92/43/EEC
No full textThis paper provides an overall look on the diversity of lowland dry grasslands of the western Po Plain, useful to support their conservation and management. Specific aims were: 1) to identify lowland dry grassland-associated plant communities at alliance level, which is useful for their classification under the Council Directive 92/43/EEC, 2) to assess their synecological and synchorological differences, 3) to define the equivalent Directive habitats and their management implications. Seven subareas were analysed: Lomellina, Ticino River, Sesia River, Po River (North), Orba Stream, Scrivia Stream, and Serio River. Floristic-vegetational relevés were carried out considering vascular plant, moss and lichen species. Cluster analysis were performed to syntaxonomically classify them, while statistical tests were performed to characterize them by means of biological life forms, chorotypes and Ellenberg indicator values. Eight plant communities were classified at alliance level and three plant communities were classified at class level. The equivalence with three Natura 2000 Habitats (H2330, H6110* and H6210) was found. Of the 60 studied sites, the 68% are located inside the Natura 2000 Network, while the remnant 31% are located outside. Possible management actions include: cutting of woody species, mowing, sod-cutting, transplants of typical herbaceous species, and ex novo restoration using harvested seeds from donor grasslands
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