1,721,470 research outputs found
Lectures on the electroweak interactions
Full text linkElementary particle physics is the quadrant of nature whose laws can be written in a few lines with absolute precision and the greatest empirical adequacy. If this is the case, as I believe it is, it must be possible and is probably useful to introduce the students and the interested readers to the entire subject in a compact way. This is the main aim of these Lectures
Beyond the standard MSSM
Full text linkIf supersymmetry is relevant at the Fermi scale, the lack of any direct signal so far may require going beyond the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model. In this talk I briefly summarize a simple and concrete extension of the MSSM that takes these issues, including a way to address the flavour and the CP problems. In its fully natural range of parameters, the expected signals for LHC, dark matter and flavour physics are clear and generally quite different from the ones of the MSSM. Gauge coupling unification may be only approximate
Quark masses, CKM angles and Lepton Flavour Universality violation
Full text linkA properly defined and suitably broken U(2) flavour symmetry leads to successful quantitative relations between quark mass ratios and CKM angles. At the same time the intrinsic distinction introduced by U(2) between the third and the first two families of quarks and leptons may support anomalies in charged and neutral current semi-leptonic B-decays of the kind tentatively observed in current flavour experiments. We show how this is possible by the exchange of the (3, 1) vector leptoquark in two U(2)-models with significantly different values of Lepton Flavour Universality violation, observable in foreseen experiments.A properly defined and suitably broken flavour symmetry leads to successful quantitative relations between quark mass ratios and CKM angles. At the same time the intrinsic distinction introduced by between the third and the first two families of quarks and leptons may support anomalies in charged and neutral current semi-leptonic -decays of the kind tentatively observed in current flavour experiments. We show how this is possible by the exchange of the vector leptoquark in two -models with significantly different values of Lepton Flavour Universality violation, observable in foreseen experiments
S-particles at their naturalness limits
No full textWe draw attention on a particular configuration of supersymmetric particle masses, motivated by naturalness and flavour considerations. All its relevant phenomenological properties for the LHC are described in terms of a few physical parameters, irrespective of the underlying theoretical model. This allows a simple characterization of its main features, useful to define a strategy for its discovery.S
Statistical shape modeling-based algorithm for replacing missing beats in blood pressure signals
No full text: In clinical environments, such as the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), continuous and uninterrupted monitoring of vital signs is critical for the early detection of patient deterioration and prompt intervention. Since data collected in these settings are often corrupted by noise, artifacts, or recording gaps, it is important to estimate missing data for a more accurate signal assessment.In this study, we propose an automatic algorithm for reconstructing of arterial blood pressure signal waveforms. The methodological core of the algorithm is based on the idea of statistical shape modeling, which basically estimates the shape variation of beat waveforms in order to reconstruct them in noisy segments. The waveform reconstruction is achieved by combining the average beat template from a 90-second segment of clean signal preceding the gap with the main shape variations of the estimated waveform.The algorithm was validated using arterial blood pressure recordings from 9 subjects admitted in the ICU and collected in the MIMIC-III Waveform Database, each lasting 1 hour and sampled at 125 Hz. For each record, ten fictitious gaps were created, and the reconstructed segments were compared to the original signals with the metrics proposed within the PhysioNet / Computing in Cardiology Challenge 2010. Results demonstrate the excellent performance of the proposed algorithm, with overall averages of both Q1 and Q2 metrics greater than 0.85
Effects of Varying in Norm Similarity Measures on a Reinforcement Learning-Based Clinical Decision Support System
No full textComplexity and nonlinearity in cardiovascular signals
No full textThis book reports on the latest advances in complex and nonlinear cardiovascular physiology aimed at obtaining reliable, effective markers for the assessment of heartbeat, respiratory, and blood pressure dynamics. The chapters describe in detail methods that have been previously defined in theoretical physics such as entropy, multifractal spectra, and Lyapunov exponents, contextualized within physiological dynamics of cardiovascular control, including autonomic nervous system activity. Additionally, the book discusses several application scenarios of these methods. The text critically reviews the current state-of-the-art research in the field that has led to the description of dedicated experimental protocols and ad-hoc models of complex physiology. This text is ideal for biomedical engineers, physiologists, and neuroscientists. This book also: Expertly reviews cutting-edge research, such as recent advances in measuring complexity, nonlinearity, and information-theoretic concepts applied to coupled dynamical systems Comprehensively describes applications of analytic technique to clinical scenarios such as heart failure, depression and mental disorders, atrial fibrillation, acute brain lesions, and more Broadens readers' understanding of cardiovascular signals, heart rate complexity, heart rate variability, and nonlinear analysi
Composite fermions in electroweak symmetry breaking
No full textIf the electroweak symmetry is broken by some unspecified strong dynamics, composite fermions may exist with definite transformation properties under SU(2)(L) x SU(2)(R)/SU(2)(L+R) and may play a role in giving masses by mixing to all the standard quarks and leptons. Assuming this to be the case, we analyze the role of Singlets, Doublets and Triplets in the ElectroWeak Precision Tests and in Flavour Physics. Doublets and Triplets are generically disfavoured. In the Singlet case, we specify the breaking patterns of the flavour group that allow to keep the CKM picture of flavour physics and we discuss the effects of the mixing between composite and elementary fermions. These mixings affect in particular the rather peculiar LHC phenomenology of the composite fermions
Signals of composite electroweak-neutral Dark Matter: LHC/Direct Detection interplay
No full textIn a strong-coupling picture of ElectroWeak Symmetry Breaking, a composite electroweak-
neutral state in the TeV mass range, carrying a global (quasi-)conserved charge, makes a
plausible Dark Matter (DM) candidate, with the ongoing direct DM searches being pre-
cisely sensitive to the expected signals. To exploit the crucial interplay between direct DM
searches and the LHC, we consider a composite iso-singlet vector V , mixed with the hyper-
charge gauge eld, as the essential mediator of the interaction between the DM particle and
the nucleus. Based on a suitable eective chiral Lagrangian, we give the expected properties
and production rates of V , showing its possible discovery at the maximal LHC energy with
about 100 fb1 of integrated luminosity
Analysis of Reward Formulation Based on Mean Arterial Pressure in Reinforcement Learning for Critically Ill Septic Patient
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