170,785 research outputs found
Number of specimen counted in sediment core GIK12379-1, Cape Barbas, North-West Africa (Appendix Tab. 1)
No full textNumber of specimen counted in sediment core GIK12379-1, Cape Barbas, North-West Africa (Appendix Tab. 1
Absolute abundance of particles and planktic foraminifera in sediment core GIK12310-4, Cape Barbas, North-West Africa (Appendix Tab. 2c)
No full textAbsolute abundance of particles and planktic foraminifera in sediment core GIK12310-4, Cape Barbas, North-West Africa (Appendix Tab. 2c
Reconstruction of surface water temperature of sediment core GIK12379-1, Cape Barbas, North-West Africa (Appendix Tab. 4)
No full textReconstruction of surface water temperature of sediment core GIK12379-1, Cape Barbas, North-West Africa (Appendix Tab. 4
Relative abundance of planktic foraminifera in sediment core GIK12310-4, Caoe Barbas, North-Weat Africa (Appendix Tab. 2e)
No full textRelative abundance of planktic foraminifera in sediment core GIK12310-4, Caoe Barbas, North-Weat Africa (Appendix Tab. 2e
Absolute abundance of foraminifera in sediment core GIK12310-4, Cape Barbas, North-West Africa (Appendix Tab. 2d)
No full textAbsolute abundance of foraminifera in sediment core GIK12310-4, Cape Barbas, North-West Africa (Appendix Tab. 2d
Sample information for investigated sand fraction of sediment core GIK12310-1, Cape Barbas, North-West Africa (Appendix Tab. 2a)
No full textSample information for investigated sand fraction of sediment core GIK12310-1, Cape Barbas, North-West Africa (Appendix Tab. 2a
Development and validation of a HPLC method for the determination of sertraline and three non-chiral related impurities
No full textIn this study, a screening on reversed-phase stationary phases (including C(8), C(18), CN, PEG and amide) was carried out in order to obtain an efficient HPLC method for the determination of sertraline and three of its more closely related synthetical and non-chiral impurities, without using ion-pair reagents. The best results in terms of both retention time and resolution of the target analytes were obtained with a Zorbax Bonus-RP column, which contains a polar amide group embedded in a C(14) alkyl chain. Once the most suitable stationary phase was chosen, the HPLC method was optimized by using a factorial design, evaluating three quantitative factors (column temperature, buffer pH and buffer concentration) in order to find the best conditions which maximize the resolution between impurities A and B (positional isomers) and minimize the total run time. The final HPLC conditions were set by means of a second experimental design, which allowed optimizing the effects of the buffer pH and the proportion of methanol in the mobile phase. The optimal conditions for simultaneously determining sertraline and its impurities, being baseline separated in less than 10min, were finally obtained with Zorbax Bonus-RP column (150mmx4.6mm, 5 um), under isocratic conditions with phosphate buffer (pH 2.8; 10mM)-methanol (63:37, v/v) at 50 degrees C, at the flow-rate of 1.0mL/min. UV detection was set at 220nm. This method was successfully validated following ICH guidelines and it proved to be reliable for the determination of sertraline and related impurities in tablets as pharmaceutical forms
Simultaneous, phenotypic knockout of VEGF-R2 and Tie-2 with an intradiabody enhances antiangiogenic effects in vivo
No full textBackground: Intracellular antibodies (intrabodies) have been used for the generation of phenotypic knockouts in vivo by surface depletion of extracellular or transmembrane proteins. Intrabodies present an alternative to methods of gene inactivation that target genomic DNA or m-RNA, such as RNA interference. Several studies suggest that the VEGF receptor pathway and the Tie-2 pathway are independent and essential mediators of angiogenesis, leading to the hypothesis that simultaneous interference with both pathways should result in additive effects in tumor growth. Methods: In order to generate a precise tool for the simultaneous silencing of two independent signaling pathways essential for angiogenesis, we developed a bispecific, tetravalent endoplasmatic reticulum (ER)-targeted intradiabody, against Tie-2 and VEGF-R2. Results: Using an adenovirus mediated gene delivery system, we achieved the simultaneous downregulation of the two cell surface receptors and demonstrate that the intradiabody is significantly more powerful with respect to efficiency and duration of surface depletion of Tie-2 and VEGF-R2 when compared to scFv intrabodies. In a human melanoma xenograft mouse model, we could show that blockade of both VEGF-R2 and Tie-2 pathways or the VEGF receptor pathway alone resulted in a significant inhibition of tumor growth and tumor angiogenesis (92.2% and 74.4%). Conclusion: We demonstrate for the first time that simultaneous inhibition of the VEGF and the Tie-2 receptor pathways result in additive antiangiogenic effects in vitro and in vivo as compared to single VEGF receptor pathway blockade, strengthening the potential of simultaneous targeting of multiple pathways as a therapeutic strategy
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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