6,757 research outputs found
At limits of life: multidisciplinary insights reveal environmental constraints on biotic diversity in continental Antarctica
No full textData source: Supporting information, http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0044578#s5Multitrophic communities that maintain the functionality of the extreme Antarctic terrestrial ecosystems, while the simplest of any natural community, are still challenging our knowledge about the limits to life on earth. In this study, we describe and interpret the linkage between the diversity of different trophic level communities to the geological morphology and soil geochemistry in the remote Transantarctic Mountains (Darwin Mountains, 80uS). We examined the distribution and diversity of biota (bacteria, cyanobacteria, lichens, algae, invertebrates) with respect to elevation, age of glacial drift sheets, and soil physicochemistry. Results showed an abiotic spatial gradient with respect to the diversity of the organisms across different trophic levels. More complex communities, in terms of trophic level diversity, were related to the weakly developed younger drifts (Hatherton and Britannia) with higher soil C/N ratio and lower total soluble salts content (thus lower conductivity). Our results indicate that an increase of ion concentration from younger to older drift regions drives a succession of complex to more simple communities, in terms of number of trophic levels and diversity within each group of organisms analysed. This study revealed that integrating diversity across multi-trophic levels of biotic communities with abiotic spatial heterogeneity and geological history is fundamental to understand environmental constraints influencing biological distribution in Antarctic soil ecosystems.Catarina Magalhães, Mark I. Stevens, S. Craig Cary, Becky A. Ball, Bryan C. Storey, Diana H. Wall, Roman Tűrk and Ulrike Ruprech
Ah, no ah no, 'tis promis'd! [first line of chorus]
No full textstrophic with choruspiano and voice316cover and music same as Box 114 Item 5Cover is duplicated in 114.005.
Music is duplicated in 114.005.Johns Hopkins University, Levy Sheet Music Collection, Box
114, Item 006A Ballad Written by Edward Fitz Ball. The Music by G. H. Rodwell
Ah, no ah no, 'tis promis'd! [first line of chorus]
No full textstrophic with choruspiano and voice316cover and music same as Box 114 Item 5Cover is duplicated in 114.005.
Music is duplicated in 114.005.Johns Hopkins University, Levy Sheet Music Collection, Box
114, Item 006A Ballad Written by Edward Fitz Ball. The Music by G. H. Rodwell
- Marble slab with a Persian inscription of Jahāngīr dated AH 1027
No full textMarble slab with a Persian inscription of Jahāngīr dated AH 102
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection may elicit neutralizing antibodies targeting epitopes conserved in all viral genotypes
No full textAnti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) cross-neutralizing human monoclonal antibodies, directed against conserved epitopes on surface E2 glycoprotein, are central tools for understanding virus-host interplay, and for planning strategies for prevention and treatment of this infection. Recently, we developed a research aimed at identifying these antibody specificities. The characteristics of one of these antibodies (Fab e20) were addressed in this study. Firstly, using immunofluorescence and FACS analysis of cells expressing envelope HCV glycoproteins, Fab e20 was able to recognize all HCV genotypes. Secondly, competition assays with a panel of mouse and rat monoclonals, and alanine scanning mutagenesis analyses located the e20 epitope within the CD81 binding site, documenting that three highly conserved HCV/E2 residues (W529, G530 and D535) are critical for e20 binding. Finally, a strong neutralizing activity against HCV pseudoparticles (HCVpp) incorporating envelope glycoproteins of genotypes 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b and 4, and against the cell culture-grown (HCVcc) JFH1 strain, was observed. The data highlight that neutralizing antibodies against HCV epitopes present in all HCV genotypes are elicited during natural infection. Their availability may open new avenues to the understanding of HCV persistence and to the development of strategies for the immune control of this infection
On the Hughes-Kleinfeld and Knuth's semifields two-dimensional over a weak nucleus
No full textIn 1960 Hughes and Kleinfeld \cite{HK1960} constructed a finite semifield which is two dimensional over a weak nucleus. In 1965 Knuth \cite{Knuth1965} constructed a further three families of finite semifields which are also two dimensional over a weak nucleus. Moreover, in the same article, Knuth describes operations that allow one to obtain up to six semifields from a given semifield. We show how these operations in fact relate these four families of finite semifields and that up to isotopy there are two families, one which generates two non-isotopic semifields under the Knuth operations and the other which generates three non-isotopic semifields
A new reading for the Abbasid dinar in the name of caliph Al-Mu tamid Ala Allah (AH 256-279) minted in Al-Ma Suq 271 AH
No full textThe case of a dinar minted ill 271 AH recording the he Caliph
al-Mu'tainid 'ala Allah (256-279 AH), al-Mufawwatj ila Allah (256-278 H),
and an enigmatic mint place is discussed in the paper. The Author attempts to
offer a new reading of the toponym of the mint using literary sources. The love
story between al-Mu'tamid and a Bedouin girl, seems to unveil the identity of
the mysterious mint
Identification of a broadly cross-reacting and neutralizing human monoclonal antibody directed against the hepatitis C virus E2 protein
No full textIdentification of anti-hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV) human antibody clones with broad neutralizing activity is important for a better understanding of the interplay between the virus and host and for the design of an effective passive immunotherapy and an effective vaccine. We report the identification of a human monoclonal Fab (e137) able to bind the HCV E2 glycoprotein of all HCV genotypes but genotype 5. The results of antibody competition assays and testing the reactivity to alanine mutant E2 proteins confirmed that the e137 epitope includes residues (T416, W420, W529, G530, and D535) highly conserved across all HCV genotypes. Fab e137 neutralized HCV pseudoparticles bearing genotype 1a, 1b, and 4 E1-E2 proteins and to a lesser extent, genotype 2b. Fab e137 was also able to inhibit cell culture-grown HCV (genotype 2a). These data indicate that broadly cross-reacting and cross-neutralizing antibodies are generated during HCV infection
The effects of domestic violence on behavior problems of preschool children
No full textUsing four waves across 5 years of a recent longitudinal dataset, this study examined whether domestic violence toward mothers by a child’s father at Year 1 had long-term effects on preschool children’s externalizing and internalizing behavioral outcomes at Year 5 directly or indirectly through maternal mental health and parenting at Year 3. The study also analyzed whether the effects differed depending on poverty and marital status. Findings from structural equation modeling conducted in AMOS showed that domestic violence toward mother by a child’s father at Year 1 was associated with poor maternal mental health and greater use of spanking at Year 3, which in turn were related to greater children’s externalizing and internalizing behavior problems at Year 5. These associations among latent variables in the models still remained significant even when control variables were included in the analyses; only the path between maternal mental health at Year 3 and children’s internalizing behavior problems at Year 5 was no longer significant. Notably, the direct effect of domestic violence on children’s behavior problems was still significant even after including mediators and control variables in the analyses. Findings from the multiple-group analyses for fully-controlled models revealed that the effects of domestic violence at Year 1 on children’s behavioral outcomes at Year 5 varied by poverty and marital status. Regarding the moderating role of poverty status, contrary to the hypotheses, the overall impacts of domestic violence at Year 1 on both types of behavioral outcomes of children at Year 5 were bigger for nonpoor than for poor families. With respect to the moderating role of marital status, the impacts of domestic violence at Year 1 on children’s externalizing behavior problems at Year 5 were bigger for unmarried-mother than for married-mother families. In contrast, the impacts of domestic violence at Year 1 on children’s internalizing behavior problems at Year 5 were bigger for married-mother than for unmarried-mother families. Findings from this study highlight that the effects of domestic violence on the behavior problems of preschool children are long-term, that those effects vary by socioeconomic categories, such as poverty and marital status, and, therefore, that children’s and their mothers’ needs in violent families vary widely as well. Policy, practice, and research implications are discussed.Ph. D.Includes bibliographical referencesby Jeong Ah Yo
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