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Motifu ya Utaifa katika Bunilizi za Kihistoria za Watoto za Mugyabuso Mlinzi Mulokozi: Ubainifu Wake, Sababu na Umuhimu wa Motifu Hiyo
No full textWachambuzi mbalimbali wa fasihi wamekuwa wakisisitiza kwamba urudiaji unaojitokeza katika kazi mbalimbali za mwandishi mmoja husukumwa na nia ya mwandishi husika kutaka kusisitiza jambo fulani (taz. Okpewho, 1992; Ntarangwi, 2004;Senkoro, 2011). Hata hivyo, utafiti wa hivi karibuni uliofanywa na Kimbi (2016) katika kazi tatu za Mulokozi, unaonesha kwamba, tofauti na ilivyokuwa inachukuliwa hapo awali, urudiaji wa dhamira katika kazi za fasihi una dhima nyingi zaidi ya ile ya kusisitiza jambo. Utafiti wa Kimbi (2016) unabainisha kwamba Mulokozi alirudia dhamira ya uzalendo katika vitabu vyake vitatu, yaani Ngoma ya Mianzi (1991), Ngome ya Mianzi (1991) na Moto wa Mianzi (1996) kwa nia ya kuweka msisitizo, kukamilisha hadithi au kisa kilichopaswa kukamilika katika vitabu vyote vitatu, kuonyesha falsafa ya mwandishi, n.k. Bila kurudufu matokeo ya utafiti huo wa Kimbi, makala haya yanakusudia kuchambua motifu ya utaifa katika kazi nne za Mulokozi, yaani Ngoma ya Mianzi (1991), Ngome ya Mianzi (1991) Moto wa Mianzi (1996) na Utenzi wa Nyakiiru Kibi (1997). Kwanza makala inavichambua vitabu husika kwa kuangalia namna motifu ya utaifa inavyojitokeza. Pili, makala inatoa ufafanuzi wa kwa nini mwandishi aliamua kutumia motifu hiyo katika kazi zake. Mbali na uchambuzi wa vitabu teule, makala yametumia pia data za uwandani zilizopatikana kutoka katika mahojiano maalumu aliyoyafanya mwandishi wa makala na mwandishi wa vitabu teule. Makala yanaongozwa na mwega wa Nadharia ya Uoniafrika, ambayo hudai kwamba kazi za kifasihi za Kiafrika zinaweza kueleweka kwa usahihi zaidi kwa kujikita katika mazingira ya kijadi na historia ya jamii husika za Kiafrika. Matokeo ya utafiti yanaonyesha kwamba kazi teule zilizochambuliwa zina maudhui muhimu yenye mchango mkubwa katika ujenzi wa dhana ya utaifa kwa watoto. Makala yanachambua motifu ya utaifa kwa kina na kisha kuonyesha thamani ya kazi teule katika kuwaandaa watoto wa Kitanzania kuipenda nchi yao na kuitumikia kwa moyo wa umoja
Gender balance struggles in Tanzanian Kiswahili children’s literature
No full textGlobally, women’s liberation efforts have prevailed for a long time. Through different mechanisms, these efforts have, to some extent been a success. We have been seeing efforts taking place through the media like television and radio stations, magazines and social media networks. We have also been seeing strong efforts in literary works for adults such as plays, novels and poetry, just to mention but a few. All efforts exerted in different angles aim at maintaining gender balance and changing social perceptions towards women status in the society. This paper explores the women’s liberation efforts that have been invested in children’s literature. Literary, artists seem to believe that if efforts are not vested in children, there is a danger of having a bad future society that will not prolong the gender balance. Due to the vastness of literary works, only five Tanzanian Kiswahili children’s literary works have been selected to represent the rest
RIWAYA YA KIHISTORIA YA WATOTO, DAFINA ILIYOTELEKEZWA KATIKA FASIHI YA KISWAHILI
Get PDFRiwaya ya kihistoria katika fasihi ya watoto ni utanzu unaopendwa na watoto, wazazi na walimu
huko Ulaya na Marekani. Utanzu huo unapendwa hasa darasani kwa sababu umekuwa nyenzo
muhimu katika kufundishia watoto masomo mbalimbali kama Fasihi, Historia, Jiografia, Lugha,
Uraia, na kadhalika. Pamoja na kupendwa kote huko, riwaya ya kihistoria ya watoto katika fasihi
ya Kiswahili ni fani ngeni. Ugeni huu unaifanya riwaya hii kuwa nyuma kiutunzi na kiutafiti
Changamoto zinazoikabili fasihi ya watoto nchini Tanzania
No full textFasihi ya watoto ikilinganishwa na fasihi ya watu wazima bado ni changa katika Afrika Mshariki, Afrika na duniani kwa ujumla. Mathalani, katika Bara la Afrika, fasihi hii inayowalenga na kuwahusisha watoto kwa upekee wao ilishamiri na kushika mizizi katika karne ya kumi na nane na kumi na tisa (Traore, 2010 na Bakize, 2014). Nchini Tanzania kwa mfano, fasihi hii imeota mizizi na kuchipuka zaidi miaka ya 1990 hasa baada ya kuzinduliwa kwa Mradi wa Vitabu vya Watoto mwaka 1991. Kuanzia hapo mradi huo umeisogeza mbele fasihi ya watoto kwa kutoa semina ya uandishi kwa waandishi chipukizi, kuwafadhili na kufikisha kazi zao katika shule chache za msingi zilizoteuliwa kuwa sehemu ya mradi. Mpaka sasa mradi huo unakadiriwa kuwa umewezesha uchapishaji wa vitabu zaidi ya 350. Pamoja na dalili hizo nzuri za kupiga hatua kwa fasihi ya watoto nchini Tanzania, bado changamoto zinazoikabili fasihi hiyo ni nyingi. Makala haya yanabainisha changamoto hizo na kutoa mapendekezo ya kukabiliana nazo
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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