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FN3K expression in COPD: a potential comorbidity factor for cardiovascular disease (vol 7, e000714, 2020)
No full textCorrection: FN3K expression in COPD: a potential comorbidity factor for cardiovascular disease - January 01, 2021
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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
FN3K expression in COPD: a potential comorbidity factor for cardiovascular disease
Amr Alderawi1, http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9807-327XGaetano Caramori2, Emma H Baker3, Andrew William Hitchings4, Irfan Rahman5, http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3470-3233Christos Rossios6, Ian Adcock6, Paolo Casolari7, Alberto Papi7, Victor E Ortega8, Jeffrey L Curtis9, Simon Dunmore1 and Paul Kirkham1,6
Correspondence to Professor Paul Kirkham; [email protected]
Abstract
Introduction Cigarette smoking and oxidative stress are common risk factors for the multi-morbidities associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Elevated levels of advanced glycation endproducts (AGE) increase the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) comorbidity and mortality. The enzyme fructosamine-3-kinase (FN3K) reduces this risk by lowering AGE levels.
Methods The distribution and expression of FN3K protein in lung tissues from stable COPD and control subjects, as well as an animal model of COPD, was assessed by immunohistochemistry. Serum FN3K protein and AGE levels were assessed by ELISA in patients with COPD exacerbations receiving metformin. Genetic variants within the FN3K and FN3K-RP genes were evaluated for associations with cardiorespiratory function in the Subpopulations and Intermediate Outcome Measures in COPD Study cohort.
Results This pilot study demonstrates that FN3K expression in the blood and human lung epithelium is distributed at either high or low levels irrespective of disease status. The percentage of lung epithelial cells expressing FN3K was higher in control smokers with normal lung function, but this induction was not observed in COPD patients nor in a smoking model of COPD. The top five nominal FN3K polymorphisms with possible association to decreased cardiorespiratory function (p<0.008–0.02), all failed to reach the threshold (p<0.0028) to be considered highly significant following multi-comparison analysis. Metformin enhanced systemic levels of FN3K in COPD subjects independent of their high-expression or low-expression status.
Discussion The data highlight that low and high FN3K expressors exist within our study cohort and metformin induces FN3K levels, highlighting a potential mechanism to reduce the risk of CVD comorbidity and mortality
Regional apparent metabolite concentrations in young adult brain measured by H-1 MR spectroscopy at 3 tesla
No full textPURPOSE:
To quantify and examine the distribution of brain metabolites in normal young adults using single voxel MR spectroscopy at 3 Tesla (T).
MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Short-echo time single-voxel PRESS technique was used to measure the apparent concentration of five metabolites at nine locations in the brains of young adults. Concentrations were estimated by means of an automated fitting method (LCModel) with reference to an unsuppressed water signal and were corrected for T(1) relaxation, T(2) relaxation, and cerebrospinal fluid partial volume. Analysis of variance with Tukey post hoc test was used to evaluate regional variations.
RESULTS:
Statistically significant differences in regional concentrations were detected for each of the metabolites. The number of significant differences was greatest for total choline, whereas myo-inositol and the sum of glutamine and glutamate had the fewest. Magnitude of variation was greatest for total choline and least for the sum of N-acetyl aspartate and N-acetylaspartylglutamate.
CONCLUSION:
In agreement with previous studies at other field strengths, we found heterogeneous distribution of the major spectroscopically measurable brain metabolites. Although the most distinct differences are between tissue types, there is appreciable variation within a tissue type at different locations. The spectra and metabolite concentrations presented should provide a useful reference for both clinical and research MR spectroscopy studies performed at 3
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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