104,263 research outputs found
Charitable giving for overseas development: UK trends over a quarter century
No full textCharitable giving is an important source of funding for overseas development and emergency relief. Donations in the UK are about a quarter of the size of government development aid. There has been strong growth over time, reflecting the activities of development charities and the public response to humanitarian emergencies. The paper examines how this charitable giving has changed since 1978, using a newly constructed panel data set on donations to individual UK charities. When did the increase take place? Did the public respond to events such as Live Aid or has there been a steady upward trend? What has been the relationship with changes in household income? Which charities have grown fastest? Have new charities displaced old? How do changes in giving for overseas compare with changes in giving for other causes
Donations for overseas development: evidence from a panel of UK charities
No full textWe model the determinants of donations made to UK overseas development charities using panel data on charities’ donation income covering a 25 year period. The paper starts by reviewing relevant theory and previous empirical work on donations to UK charities before outlining a framework in which donations are a function of fundraising, government grants, total household income, inequality in household income, disasters, Official Development Assistance, and unobserved fixed characteristics of charities. Models are estimated by the within groups estimator and also by Generalised Method of Moments (GMM). When using the GMM approach, fundraising and government grants are allowed to be endogenous. Fundraising has a powerful effect. Government grants appear to crowd in rather than crowd out donations. No impact is found from ODA. The hypothesis of a unitary income elasticity for donations cannot be rejected. Results are compared with those for non-development charities
On the Backus Effect-I
No full textInternational audienceRecovering the internal geomagnetic vector field B on and outside the Earth's surface S from the knowledge of only its direction or its intensity IIBjl on S, and assessing the uniqueness of geomagnetic models computed in this way, have been long-standing questions of interest. In the present paper we address the second problem. Backus (1968, 1970) demonstrated uniqueness in some particular cases, but also produced a theoretical counterexample for which uniqueness could not be guaranteed. Using the same line of reasoning as Backus (1968), we show that adding the knowledge of the location of the dip equator on S to the knowledge of IIB 11 everywhere on S guarantees the uniqueness of the solution, to within a global sign, provided that the dip equator is made of one or possibly several closed curves on S, across which the normal component of the field changes sign (this component not being zero anywhere else)
Water at charged interfaces
No full textGonella G, Backus EHG, Nagata Y, et al. Water at charged interfaces. Nature Reviews Chemistry. 2021;5:466
Bibliographie Hilarion G. Petzold 1958 – 2009 mit Anhang als Einführung
No full textDieses Archiv enthält die Gesamtbibliographie der Werke des Autors nebst einiger Texte „Über H. G. Petzold“ im Schlussteil der Bibliographie sowie einen Anhang mit einer Einführung in die Architektur des Werkes in seinem wissenslogischen Aufbau als Ausarbeitung seines „Tree of Science Modells“ (2007).This archive contains the complete bibliography of the author and some texts about H. G. Petzold, moreover an epilogue with an introduction to the architecture of the works in its epistemological structure and composition and as an elaborations of Petzold’s „Tree of Science Modell (2007).https://www.fpi-publikation.de/polyloge/01-2009-petzold-h-g-gesamtbibliographie-h-g-petzold-1958-2009-updating-november2009/peerReviewedpublishedVersio
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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Isaac Backus on church, state, and Calvinism;:pamphlets, 1754-1789. /
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3346: Samuel G. Freedman, author, 2013
No full textPhotograph of author Samuel G. Freedman, at NT Daily Slash meeting in the Mayborn School of Journalism at UNT
Charitable bequests and wealth at death in Great Britain
No full textCharitable bequests are a major source of income for charities. But surprisingly little is known in Britain about them. We review the small British and larger US literatures and then consider how best to model the decision to make a charitable bequest. We identify three stages: making a will, including a charity as a potential beneficiary, and bequeathing unconditionally. We then examine the evidence for Britain on each stage provided by data on individual estates. The data cover the population of estates that passed through probate – about a quarter of a million estates from a 12 month period. We focus on the relationship with wealth at death, on geographic differences, and on the different causes to which people bequeath
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