1,721,234 research outputs found
The puzzle of non-participation in continuing training : an empirical study of chronic vs. temporary non-participation
Full text link"Although participation in continuing vocational training is often found to be associated with considerable individual benefits, a puzzlingly large number of people still do not take part in training. In order to solve the puzzle we distinguish between temporary and chronic non-participants. Previous studies have shown that training participants and non-participants differ in unobservable characteristics and therefore self-select into training or not. We show that even non-participants cannot be treated as a homogeneous group: there are those who never take part in training (chronic non-participants) and those who are not currently taking part (temporary (non-)participants). Using a unique data set of non-participants commissioned by the German 'Expert Commission on Financing Lifelong Learning' and covering a very large number of individuals not taking part in training, we separate and compare chronic and temporary non-participants. By estimating a sample selection model using maximum likelihood estimation we take potential selection effects into account: temporary (non-)participants may be more motivated or may have different inherent skills than chronic nonparticipants. We find that chronic non-participants would have higher costs than temporary (non-)participants and their short-term benefits associated with their current jobs would be lower. However, in the long run even chronic non-participants would benefit similarly from participation due to improved prospects on the labor market. The results indicate that chronic non-participants either misperceive future developments or suffer from an exceptionally high discount rate, which in turn leads in their view to a negative cost-benefit ratio for training." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en)) Additional Information Kurzfassung (deutsch) Executive summary (English)Weiterbildung, Teilnehmer, Bildungsbeteiligung, Bildungsinvestitionen, Bildungsertrag, Kosten-Nutzen-Analyse, Bildungsökonomie
Liderança dialógica: perspectivas na formação dos enfermeiros-líderes
Full text linkTese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências da Saúde. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem.O presente estudo teve como objetivo geral compreender o exercício da liderança como competência profissional na prática desenvolvida pelo enfermeiro em hospitais gerais de Florianópolis, Santa Catarina. E como objetivos específicos: conhecer a percepção dos enfermeiros sobre o processo de ensino-aprendizagem da liderança, identificar os desafios vivenciados na prática da liderança, por enfermeiros que foram técnicos de enfermagem, compreender os principais conflitos vivenciados pelos enfermeiros-líderes no ambiente hospitalar, bem como as estratégias adotadas para seu enfrentamento e analisar as estratégias utilizadas pelos enfermeiros que facilitam a adoção da liderança dialógica no ambiente hospitalar. Com o intuito de fundamentar o estudo, utilizou-se o referencial teórico de Paulo Freire, o qual permitiu a reflexão e tessitura de novas perspectivas frente à formação do enfermeiro-líder. A pesquisa retrata uma abordagem qualitativa do tipo descritiva, na qual foi usado o estudo de caso como estratégia de investigação. Participaram do estudo 25 enfermeiros que trabalham em três hospitais da cidade de Florianópolis, destes 10 trabalham no Hospital Imperial de Caridade, 10 no Hospital Universitário Polydoro Ernani de São Thiago e cinco no Hospital Governador Celso Ramos. O estudo foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética e Pesquisa com Seres Humanos da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, sob o número do Processo 658/10. As informações foram obtidas de maio a dezembro de 2010. Para coleta dos dados realizou-se entrevistas semi-estruturadas, observação não-participante, totalizando 100 horas de observação e oficinas dialógicas, sendo realizadas três oficinas, uma em cada hospital. Os dados foram analisados por meio da proposta operativa de Minayo, emergindo três temas: Formação do enfermeiro-líder, Exercício da Liderança na prática profissional e Estratégias que facilitam o exercício da liderança, os quais foram desdobrados em categorias e subcategorias, destacando-se quatro categorias: Processo de ensino aprendizagem da liderança, Ascensão profissional, Gerenciamento de conflitos e Liderança dialógica. A partir dos resultados, salienta-se a ênfase do tecnicismo na formação e a adesão dos docentes a práticas pedagógicas que se aproximam da transmissão do conhecimento e a escassa abertura para o diálogo, características da educação tradicional, também denominada de educação bancária. Sobre a ascensão profissional, evidenciou-se que Ser enfermeiro e atender as responsabilidades que lhe são atribuídas, bem como a liderança da equipe de enfermagem consistem nos principais desafios vivenciados na prática da liderança por enfermeiros que foram técnicos de enfermagem. Também foi possível identificar o predomínio de conflitos de origem interpessoal envolvendo a equipe multiprofissional e de enfermagem. Os primeiros ocorrem devido a relações de poder e de dificuldades em limitar as ações de cada profissional em seu campo de atuação, já os conflitos entre o enfermeiro e a equipe de enfermagem estão relacionados principalmente a falta de continuidade no trabalho. Ao analisar as estratégias utilizadas pelos enfermeiros que facilitam a inserção da liderança dialógica no ambiente hospitalar, destacaram-se: o diálogo, humildade, dar o exemplo, resolutividade, reuniões e trabalho em equipe. O reconhecimento destas estratégias permite que os enfermeiros possam colocá-las em prática, a fim de potencializar o gerenciamento do cuidado e da equipe de enfermagem, colaborando para a melhor qualidade da assistência. Defende-se que a Liderança dialógica, quando inserida ao longo do processo ensino-aprendizagem do enfermeiro, poderá contribuir para a formação de profissionais politizados, críticos e reflexivos, além de auxiliar na construção de relações horizontais no ambiente de trabalho, que permitem trocas de conhecimentos e aprimoramento coletivo, o gerenciamento de situações conflitantes e a fomentação de espaços que possibilitem a participação ativa dos enfermeiros, equipe e usuários, enquanto atores sociaisThe present study has as objective to understand the exercise of leadership and professional competence in the practice developed by the nurse in the general hospitals in Florianópolis, Santa Catarina. And as specific objectives: identify the challenges experienced in daily work, by nurses who were nursing technicians, understand the main conflicts experienced by nurses-leaders in the practice of leadership, as well as the strategies adopted to confront and analyze the strategies used by nurses to facilitate the insertion of dialogic leadership in the hospital. For support, we used the theoretical framework of Paulo Freire, which allow the fabric of thought and new perspectives facing the education of the nurse- leader. The study reflects a qualitative descriptive type, which was used in the case study as research strategy. 25 nurses that work in three hospitals in the city of Florianopolis participated in the study, out of these 10 works in the Imperial Charity Hospital, 10 in the University Hospital Polydoro Ernani of St. James and 05 in the Governor Celso Ramos Hospital. The study was approved by the Ethics and Human Research Committee of the Federal University of Santa Catarina, under the Case Number 658/10. The information where obtained from May to December of 2010. The data collection was carried out through semi-structured interviews, non participant observation, totaling 100 hours of observation and dialogical workshops, in which three workshops were held, one in each hospital. The data were analyzed using the proposed Minayo operative, three themes emerged: the nurse-leader training, Exercise Leadership in professional practice and strategies that facilitate the exercise of leadership, professional Ascension, Conflict Management and Leadership dialogue. From the results, highlight the emphasis of technicality in the formation and support of teachers to teaching practices that are close to the transmission of scarce knowledge and openness to dialogue, characteristics of traditional education, also called banking education. On career advancement, it became clear that being a nurse and meeting the responsibilities assigned to it, as well as the leadership of the nursing team consists of the main challenges experienced in daily work, by nurses who were nursing technicians. It was also possible to identify the predominant source of interpersonal conflicts involving the multidisciplinary team and nursing. The first occurs due to relationships of power and difficulties in limiting the actions of each professional their field, since conflicts between the nurse and the nursing staff are primarily related to lack of continuity at work. By analyzing the strategies used by nurses to facilitate the insertion of dialogic leadership in the hospital, stood out: dialogue, humility, lead by example, solving of problem, and team meetings. The recognition of these strategies allow the nurses to put them into practice in order to enhance the management of care and nursing staff, contributing to a better quality of care. It is argued that dialogical leadership, when inserted along the teaching-learning process of the nurse, could contribute to the formation of politicized professionals, critical and reflective, apart from helping in the construction of horizontal relationship in the work environment, that allows the exchanges of collective knowledge and collective improvement, the management of conflict situations and nurturing spaces that allow the active participation of nurses, staff and users as social actor
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
The Skill Balancing Act: Determinants of and Returns to Balanced Skills
Full text linkEntrepreneurs are found to have balanced skill sets and most have worked in small firms before starting their own business. In light of this, we compare the skill sets of employees working in businesses of different size to the skill sets of entrepreneurs using a rich data set on the applied skills of individuals. This data set allows us to construct an indicator that measures skill balance in the uantity (skill scope) and quality (skill level) dimension. Our results show that employees working in large businesses tend to have a lower skill balance than those working in small businesses; yet, the skill balance of entrepreneurs remains the largest. The impact of human capital formation on skill balance also varies among employees of different business sizes and entrepreneurs. Finally, the estimated returns to balanced skills are largest for entrepreneurs whereas, for employees, these returns decrease as business size increases. However, we find no relationship between balancing skills at lower skill levels and income, indicating that both dimensions - skill level and skill scope - are relevant. We end by discussing the policy implications that can be drawn from our results in regard to skill balance.entrepreneurship, returns to human capital, balanced skill set, jack-of-all-trades
- …
