177,122 research outputs found
BlastFunction: An FPGA-as-a-Service system for Accelerated Serverless Computing
No full textHeterogeneous computing platforms are now a valuable solution to continue to meet Service Level Agreements (SLAs) for compute intensive cloud workloads. Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) effectively accelerate cloud workloads, however, these workloads have a spiky behavior as well as long periods of underutilization. Sharing the FPGA with multiple tenants then helps to increase the board's time utilization. In this paper we present BlastFunction, a distributed FPGA sharing system for the acceleration of microservices and serverless applications in cloud environments. BlastFunction includes a Remote OpenCL Library to access the shared devices transparently; multiple Device Managers to time-share and monitor the FPGAs and a central Accelerators Registry to allocate the available devices. BlastFunction reaches higher utilization and throughput w.r.t. a native execution thanks to device sharing, with minimal differences in latency given by the concurrent accesses
AN FPGA-AS-A-SERVICE SYSTEM FOR ACCELERATED SERVERLESS COMPUTING
No full textThe present invention proposes a hardware accelerators management system (1) for containerized and serverless environments. The system (1) at least comprises a domain layer on which a plurality of application containers and functions (60, 61) are implemented, a hardware layer in which a set of hardware accelerators are implemented and a software layer configured for abstracting the application containers and the functions (60, 61) of the domain layer from the hardware layer, wherein the system (1) comprises a hardware interface (80, 90) to send tasks to and reconfigure at least a portion of the processing means (70) implemented in the hardware layer. The system (1) also comprises a software structure (40, 50, 63) that shares hardware accelerators of the hardware layer between application containers and functions (60, 61) of the domain layer. Advantageously, the software structure (40, 50, 63) performs scheduling and optimization algorithms on the resource allocations of the hardware accelerators of the hardware layer for the application containers and functions (60, 61) of the domain layer in terms of device time and/or space slot of utilization. In detail, the scheduling and optimization algorithms comprises a monitoring structure interfacing with processing means and with the software layer for reading performance metrics of at least one processing means (70). Advantageously, the software structure comprises at least one device manager (50) component connected with the hardware interface (80, 90) and at least one remote library (63) component to interface each application container and function (60, 61) with the at least one device manager (50) component concurrently
Bacis nigropictus Crotch 1876
No full text<i>Bacis nigropictus</i> Crotch, 1876 <p>(Figs. 1–29, 57–60)</p> <p> <i>Bacis nigropictus</i> Crotch 1876: 557; Fleutiaux 1886: 224; Kuhnt 1909: 48, 1911: 34; Blackwelder 1945: 463, list; Alvarenga 1994: 118, catalog. Type series: Venezuela (UMZC, not examined).</p> <p> <i>Zonarius limbatus</i> Kuhnt 1910: 249, 253, fig. 14; Kuhnt 1911: 30; Blackwelder 1945: 462, list. <b>New synonym</b>. Lectotype, here designated: Venezuela, Mérida: Mérida (8°35’53’’N, 71°8’41’’W), 104093, †999 (ZMHB, examined). Paralectotypes: Colombia—Starke col., ♂, 21678, †971 (ZMHB, examined); †995 (ZMHB, examined); Kuhnt det., 4678, †997 (ZMHB, examined).</p> <p> <i>Oligocorynus limbatus</i> (Kuhnt); Alvarenga 1994: 109, catalog.</p> <p> <b>Redescription.</b> Length: 9 mm, thorax/abdomen R=1.6. Body moderately oval, subcordiform, sides slightly curved, moderately convex. Head orange with irregular vertical black band, antennae black, clypeus black apically, orange at base, pronotum black with two orange lateral maculae, mesoventrite, mesanepisterna, mesepimera and metaventrite orange, coxae and femora dark yellow, elytra dark orange with eight black maculae, abdominal ventrites dark orange (Figs. 1–4).</p> <p> <b>Head</b> (R=0.8): ocular striae restricted to eye margin, eyes faceted, interocular distance ~2/3 of head width (Fig. 5). Stridulatory organs absent at base of head in both sexes. Antennae (R=11.6): antennomeres VIII and XI elongate (Fig. 6). Clypeus (R=0.4) sub-rectangular, apex truncate (Fig. 5). Labrum (R=0.7): sub-rectangular, without apical elevation, absence of membranous cover at proximal half (Fig. 7). Epipharynx with setae in median region and at anterior margin, median region covered with microtrichiae, tormae with anterior projection reaching the basal third of labrum, posterior projection of tormae almost as long as the anterior projection (Fig. 8, arrow). Mandibles slightly asymmetrical, with three incisors, membranous lobe covered with microtrichiae on molar region, with two carinae on dorsal region, ventral cavity with internal incisor margin sinuate, left mandible with proximal incisor smaller and attached to middle incisor as a lobe (Figs. 9–12). Maxillae (R=2.7): lacinia with an apical curved hook, with long setae denser distally, palpomere I elongate, palpomeres II–III as wide as long, palpomere IV wide, galea (R=1.9) subfalciform, with moderately long setae denser distally (Figs. 13–14). Hypopharynx with two basal arms extending to posterior region of mentum (Fig. 15, arrow). Labium (R=1.5): ligula long (~3/4 width of the mentum), fused at middle, with a basal sclerite extending through almost the entire ligula, outer angles rounded, basal palpomere with moderately curved base, inner angle of distal margin slightly narrow, mentum with medial region without definite shape (Fig. 16).</p> <p> <b>Thorax:</b> pronotum (R=0.4) glossy, lateral region of posterior margin with a depression, surface of depression punctate, prosternum with few short setae, procoxal lines absent. Scutellar shield (R=0.7) semiovoid. Metaventrite (R=0.4): mesocoxal lines conspicuous. Legs: metathoracic legs with femora as wide as the prothoracic legs. Elytra (R=2.4): surface with fine punctures (φ~ 0.05 mm), with elytral striae moderately conspicuous, geminate; interstriae with punctures moderately conspicuous. Metathoracic wings (R=2.3): with two axillary veins, veins AA 3+4 reaching CuA 3+4, veins MP 3+4 reaching MP 1+2, vein cua1-mp4 complete, vein r4 complete (Fig. 17).</p> <p> <b>Abdomen:</b> surface with few short setae. Male genital segments and genitalia: tergite VIII (R=0.6) subtriangular, uniformly sclerotized, base curved, setae denser distally (Fig. 18); sternite VIII (R=0.3) transverse, distal margin emarginate, setae denser distally (Fig. 19); tergite X (R=0.8) U-shaped; lateral shafts slightly curved, apex truncate, setae denser distally (Fig. 20); laterotergite IX (R=1.4) elongate, asymmetrical, lateral lobes sub-triangular; sternite IX setae denser distally (Fig. 21). Aedeagus: tegmen elongate at middle, dorsal longitudinal line sclerotized, tegmen arm long, with two sclerotized lines, lateral lobes width ~1/8 of tegmen length, setae denser distally, lateral region of median lobe narrow, internal sac short (Figs. 22–24); head of flagellum subtriangular (Fig. 25, MAAEIS). Female genital segments and genitalia: tergite VIII (R=0.5) transverse, setae denser distally (Fig. 26); sternite VIII (R=0.6) transverse, setae denser distally, median strut approximately three times longer than base (Fig. 27); tergite IX and sternite IX indistinct, membranous, surface with microtrichiae uniformly distributed. Ovipositor: proctiger lobe long (Figs. 28–29, arrow), covering the vulval lobe, subvulval lobe as wide as the basal segments of the gonocoxites, gonocoxites ~1/2 of ovipositor length with narrowed and rounded apex, gonostyli setae moderately long (Figs. 28–29). Spermatheca ellipsoidal.</p> <p> <b>Intraspecific variation.</b> Integument color from light-orange to light-brown, with bands, legs and sternites dark brown; inner spots of elytra can be fused in pairs.</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> <i>Bacis nigropictus</i> can be recognized among other species of <i>Bacis</i> by its dorsal coloration, with eight black elytral spots and pronotum orange with black longitudinal medial band, and clypeus truncate.</p> <p> <b>Etymology.</b> The genus name is derived from the Greek <i>bacis</i>, “soothsayer”; the specific epithet is derived from the Latin <i>nigro</i>, “black” and <i>pictus</i>, “painted, colored”, referring to the elytral and pronotal coloration.</p> <p> <b>Material examined.</b> Venezuela—ex-Coll. C. Felsche, donation 1907, 2 ex.: †846, 845 (SMTD); †843 (SMTD); Brazil— ♂, Mus antiqu., †844 (SMTD).</p> <p> <b>Geographical distribution.</b> Colombia, Venezuela (Mérida), Brazil.</p> <p> <b>Remarks.</b> Although the type series of <i>B. nigropictus</i> has not been examined, Crotch’s original description indicates that <i>B. nigropictus</i> and <i>Oligocorynus limbatus</i> are the same species. By comparing specimens of <i>Oligocorynus</i> to specimens of <i>B. nigropictus</i>, it is evident that the latter have an increased and more gradual curvature of the elytral sides (“ <i>breviter ovatus</i> ”, as described by Crotch [1876]), a trait typical of the genus <i>Bacis</i>, not of <i>Oligocorynus</i>. In any case, the diagnosis presented above places this species among those currently included in <i>Bacis</i>. The Venezuelan syntype of <i>Zonarius limbatus</i> is here chosen as the lectotype, because it came from the same type locality as <i>Bacis nigropictus</i> (see Crotch 1876). The Colombian syntypes of <i>Z</i>. <i>limbatus</i> are designated as paralectotypes (Figs. 57–60).</p>Published as part of <i>Lopes, Peterson Lásaro, Gasca-Álvarez, Héctor Jaime & Skelley, Paul E., 2020, Redescriptions, new synonymy, new combination and new records of Bacis Dejean, 1836 and Oligocorynus Dejean, 1876 (Coleoptera: Erotylidae: Erotylinae) for Colombia, pp. 349-362 in Zootaxa 4809 (2)</i> on pages 350-353, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4809.2.6, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/3934208">http://zenodo.org/record/3934208</a>
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
"Closing the R&D Gap, Evaluating the Sources of R&D Spending"
No full textBoth spending and tax policies have been implemented in the United States with the goal of stimulating private sector research and development (R&D). Karier questions whether current R&D policy, especially the research and experimentation tax credit, can contribute to closing the gap between nondefense expenditures on R&D in the United States and such expenditures in other countries, such as Japan and Germany. He also explores possible changes to our current R&D policy to make it more effective.
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
THE ELECTRONIC SPECTRA OF HYDRIDES OF GROUP IIIA METALS
No full textAuthor Institution: Laboratoire de Spectrom\'{e}trie Ionique et Mol\'{e}culaireUsing a composite wall hollow cathode lamp we were able to excite easily the electronic spectra of group IIIa metal hydrides. Three new electronic band systems of LaH and LaD appearing between 5300 and 6500 {\AA} have been studied. The rotational structure, the intensity distribution in the P, Q, and R branches, and the A-doubling show that these bands may be ascribed to ( ), (, ) transitions. The rotational study of YD and YH has been undertaken
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