1,721,051 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Connections of the motor branches of the facial nerve
Full text linkDepartment of Human anatomy
Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy of the Republic of MoldovaIntroduction. Considering superficial location of the extracranial branches of the facial nerve,
and susceptibility of those branches to both injures in facial surgery and facial traumas,
knowledge about connections of the motor branches of the facial nerve doubtless are of clinical
significance.
Aim of the study. To establish types of connections between the motor branches of the facial
nerve.
Materials and methods. Thirty one adult cadaveric semiheads fixed in formaldehyde solution
were dissected using Vorobiov's method of anatomical dissection and types of connections
between the motor branches of the facial nerve were marked out. The specimens were dissected
at the Chair of Human anatomy of Nicolae Testemitanu SUMPh and the research project was
approved by the Ethics Committee of the same University.
Results. Different types of connections between the motor branches of the facial nerve have
been highlighted by dissection of its extracranial branches. It should be mentioned that in all our
cases were revealed connections between the motor branches of the facial nerve. In about 92% of
cases small loop-shape connections of the ending branches were marked out. Another feature
that worth to be mentioned was variable shapes of connections in the same individuals that
should be kept in mind in surgery of the OMF region. Between the temporal, zygomatic and
buccal branches of the facial nerve were distinguished wide-loop connections of various shapes:
triangular, round, oval, linear and quadrangular. In 3 cases there were double connections
between the cervical branch of the facial nerve and transverse cervical nerve, but in one case
there were multiple connections between those branches revealed on both semiheads of the same
cadaver. In about 89% of cases the loops were very small and distally located, close to the
innervated muscles. Large oval-shape loops were marked out in 12 cases, formed immediately
after division of the facial nerve trunk into its temporofacial and cervicofacial branches.
Conclusions. Connections between the motor branches of the facial nerve were of wide range of
variability. It should be pointed out that even on the both semiheads of the same individual
connections varied in shape being triangular, round, oval and quadrangular. In the proximity of
the facial nerve trunk the loops were large and less in number, but smaller, more in number and
of greater variability close to the innervated muscle. We believe that along with other factors that
influence patients’ recovery after surgery of the OMF region, connections of the motor branches
of the facial nerve are of great clinical significance
Individual variability of the buccal branches of the facial nerve
Full text linkIntroducere. Variabilitatea ramurilor bucale ale nervului facial şi conexiunilor acestora au fost
descrise de mulţi autori, însă vulnerabilitatea lor în intervenţiile chirurgicale rămâne net superioară
comparativ cu leziunile intraoperatorii ale altor ramuri ale facialului.
Scopul lucrării. Revizuirea şi evaluarea traiectului, originii, numărului, conexiunilor, particularităților
individuale ale ramurilor bucale ale nervului facial.
Material şi metode. Prin disecție anatomică au fost preparate nouăsprezece jumătăți cadaverice ale
capului la adulți, fixate în soluție de formalină şi au fost examinate particularităţile individuale ale
ramurilor bucale ale nervului facial privind traiectul, numărul şi conexiunile acestora.
Rezultate. În 95% din cazuri trunchiul nervului facial se diviza în ramura temporofacială (RTF) şi
cervicofacială (RCF). Numărul ramurilor bucale (RB) cu origine de la nervul facial a variat între 2 şi 6
ramuri. Într-un singur caz de la RTF s-a ramificat o singură RB, în 7 cazuri – 2 RB, în alte 7 cazuri – 3
RB şi în 5 cazuri 4 RB. RCF a dat naştere la o singură RB în 11 cazuri, la 2 RB în 7 cazuri, iar în 2
cazuri nici o ramură bucală nu a fost depistată. Mai mult de 2 RB cu provenienţă de la RCF nu au fost
depistate. Conexiunile ramurilor bucale au variat de la liniare, la ansiforme şi plexiforme.
Concluzii. Ramurile bucale ale nervului facial prezintă un şir de variante privind originea, numărul de
ramuri şi conexiunile acestora. Numărul de RB variază de la 2 la 6, iar de la ramura cervicofacială nu
s-au ramificat mai mult de 2 RB.Introduction. The variation of divisions and connections of the facial nerve branches have been
described by many researchers, but nevertheless, vulnerability of injury in surgical interventions of its
buccal branches still remains high in comparison to the injury of other branches of the facial nerve.
Objective of the study. The purpose of our study was to review and evaluate the course, number,
connections, individual specific features of the buccal branches of the facial nerve.
Material and methods. Nineteen adult cadaveric semiheads fixed in formaline solution were
dissected and individual specific features of the buccal branches of the facial nerve, their course,
divisions and connections were marked out.
Results. In 95% of cases the trunk of the facial nerve divided into temporofacial branch (TFB) and
cervicofacial branch (CFB). The number of buccal branches (BB) originating from the facial nerve
varied from 2 to 6. In one case the TFB gave rise to a single BB, in 7 cases it gave rise to 2 BB, in
other 7 cases there were 3 BB and in 5 cases there were 4 BB. The CFB gave rise to 1 BB in 11 cases
and to 2 BB in 7 cases, and in 2 cases no buccal branches originated in the CFB. More than 2 BB
originated from the CFB was never mentioned. Connections of the buccal branches were variable from
linear to loop-shaped, and plexiform.
Conclusions. The buccal branches of the facial nerve are variable in number, origin, course,
connections. The number of buccal branches given off by the facial nerve varies from 2 to 6 branches,
but no more than two buccal branches were marked out to originate from the cervicofacial branch
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Clinical impact of the morphometric parameters of the facial nerve trunk
No full textUniversitatea de Stat de Medicină și Farmacie „Nicolae Testemițanu”, Chișinău, Republica MoldovaIntroducere. Susceptibilitatea sporită a nervului facial (NF) faţă de o gamă largă de agenţi patogeni, precum şi implicarea sa în diverse procese patologice ale structurilor adiacente, ce necesită tratament chirurgical, impune cunoaşterea atât a particularităţilor morfologice, cât şi a celor morfometrice ale NF. Scopul şi obiective. Determinarea parametrilor morfometrici ai lăţimii trunchiului NF (LTNF) în dependenţă de gen, lateralitate, tip cefalometric, tip şi variantă (clasică/atipică) de ramificare. Material şi metode. Studiul curent a fost realizat pe un lot de 75 de hemifeţe formoliza-te din fondul Catedrei de anatomie şi anatomie clinică. La prima etapă a fost determinat tipul cefalometric al fiecărui cadavru, iar după disecţia NF s-a măsurat lăţimea TNF. Analiza statistică s-a efectuat în Excel „Descriptive statistics” din „Tool - Data Analysis”. Rezultate. Valoarea medie a LTNF a fost de 2,7 mm pentru ambele sexe. La bărbaţi a variat între (1,9-4,1 mm), iar la femei - între (1,9-3,8 mm), p=0,629. Bilateral media LTNF a fost de 2,7 mm. În ramificarea atipică media LTNF a fost de 2,8 mm, iar în ramificarea clasică - de 2,7 mm, p=0,145. La mezocefali LTNF a prezentat o medie de 2,8±0,49 mm; la brahicefali - 2,8±0,42 mm; la dolicoce-fali - 2,4±0,24 mm, p=0,151. În dependenţă de tipul ramificării media LTNF a fost: Tipul I - 2,7±0,49 mm; Tipul II - 2,6±0,37 mm; Tipul III - 2,7±0,31 mm; Tipul IV - 2,8±0,55 mm; Tipul V - 2,8±0,34 mm; Tipul VI - 2,7±0,57 mm şi Tipul atipic NI - 3,0±0,80 mm, p=0,950. Concluzii. Cel mai fin TNF a fost stabilit la dolicocefali şi la Tipul II de ramificare. LTNF maximă - la brahicefali şi la Tipul atipic NI. TNF a fost mai subţire în varianta clasică. Rezultatele prezintă impact aplicativ pentru accesul chirurgical al TNF la nivelul fosei retromandibulare.Introduction. The increased susceptibility of the facial nerve (FN) to a wide range of pathogenic factors, as well as its involvement in various pathological processes of the adjacent structures, which need surgical treatment, requires knowledge of both morphological and morphometric characteristics of FN. Objective. To determine the morphometric parameters of the FN trunk width (FNTW) depending on gender, laterality, cephalometric type, branching pattern and its variant (classic/atypical). Material and methods. Our study was conducted on 75 embalmed hemifaces at the Department of Anatomy and Clinical Anatomy. At the first stage, the cephalometric type of each cadaver was determined, followed by FN dissection and morphometry of the FNT width. For statistical analysis the Excel “Descriptive statistics” from “Tool - Data Analysis” was used. Results. The mean value of the FNTW was 2.7 mm for both genders. In males it ranged between (1.9-4.1 mm), and in females - (1.9-3.8 mm), p=0.629. Bilaterally the mean FNTW was 2.7 mm. In atypical branching pattern the FNTW was 2.8 mm, in classic one - 2.7 mm, p=0.145. In mesocephalic type the FNTW was 2.8±0.49 mm; in brachycephalic type - 2.8±0.42 mm; in dolichocephalic type - 2.4±0.24 mm, p=0.151. Depending on the branching pattern the mean FNTW was: Type I - 2.7±0.49 mm; Type II - 2.6±0.37 mm; Type III - 2.7±0.31 mm; Type IV - 2.8±0.55 mm; Type V -2.8±0.34 mm; Type VI - 2.7±0.57 mm and Atypical Type NI - 3.0±0.80 mm, p=0.950. Conclusion. The thinnest FNT was established in dolichocephalic type and Type II branching pattern. The thickest FNT was in brachycephalic type and atypical Type NI. FNT was thinner in classic variant. The Results. have clinical impact in surgical access of the FNT within the retromandibular fossa
- …
