1,721,018 research outputs found
Very and moderate preterm births: Are the risk factors different?
No full textObjective To describe the risk factors for very preterm births and to compare the strengths of the associations between these risk factors and very and moderate preterm births.
Design A case-control study.
Setting Fifteen European countries.
Methods Between 1994 and 1997, 1675 very preterm births, 3652 moderate preterm births and an unmatched control group of 7965 births at term were included. Odds ratios for very and moderate preterm births (related to socioeconomic status, behavioural factors, maternal age, body mass index and obstetric history) were estimated and compared using polytomous logistic regression.
Results Underprivileged social situation, older maternal age and adverse previous pregnancy outcomes were significantly related to very and moderate preterm births. However, these factors were more strongly associated with very preterm births than with moderate preterm births, for both spontaneous and induced deliveries. Smoking during pregnancy, young maternal age and low body mass index were significantly related to very and moderate spontaneous preterm births, but no significant difference in odds ratios was observed between the two outcomes.
Conclusion These results suggest that risk factors for very and moderate preterm births are similar, but the strength of the associations differ, especially for social factors and obstetric history
Mortality, severe respiratory distress syndrome, and chronic lung disease of the newborn are reduced more after prophylactic than after therapeutic administration of the surfactant Curosurf
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Treatment strategies for bronchopulmonary dysplasia with postnatal corticosteroids in Europe: the EURAIL survey.
No full textPROPHYLACTIC ADMINISTRATION OF PORCINE-DERIVED LUNG SURFACTANT IS A SIGNIFICANT FACTOR IN REDUCING THE ODDS FOR PERI-INTRAVENTRICULAR HAEMORRHAGE IN PREMATURE INFANT
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Employment, working conditions and preterm birth: results from the Europop case-control survey
No full textStudy objective: To analyse the relation between pretemn birth and working conditions in Europe using common measures of exposure and to test whether employment related risks varied by country of residence. Design: A case-control study in which cases included all consecutive singleton preterm births and controls included one of every ten singleton term births in each participating maternity unit. Data about working conditions were obtained by interview from women after delivery. Setting: Sixteen European countries. Participants: The analysis included 5145 preterm and 7911 term births of which 2369 preterm and 4098 term births were to women employed during pregnancy. Analyses of working conditions were carried out for women working through at least the third month of pregnancy. Main results: Employed women did not have an excess risk of preterm birth. Among working women, a moderate excess risk was observed for women working more than 42 hours a week (OR = 1.33, CI = 1.1 to 1.6), standing more than six hours a day (OR = 1.26, CI = 1.1 to 1.5), and for women with low job satisfaction (OR = 1.27, CI = 1.1 to 1.5). There were stronger links in countries with a lower overall level of perinatal health and a common practice of long prenatal leaves. Conclusion: These findings show that specific working conditions affect the risk of preterm birth. They also suggest employment related risks could be mediated by the social and legislative context
TREATMENT STRATEGIES IN EUROPE FOR NEONATAL PULMONARY MORBIDITY USING SURFACTANT AND POSTNATAL CORTICOSTEROIDS
No full textGoing Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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