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KESOPANAN BERBAHASA DALAM TEKS PASAMBAHAN TINJAUAN PRAGMATIK
No full textPasambahan is a two party conversation between host (sipangka) and guest (alek) to convey intentions and objectives with respect. This study aimed to reveal the politeness form contained in the text pasambahan of writing Datuek Tonggak Sati. To identify the politeness form in the passage,the theory of politness proposed by Leech was used. Leech divides the principle of politeness into six maxims, namely the Tact Maxim, generosity maxim, approbiation maxim, modesty maxim, agreement maxim, and sympathy maxim. Method of data provision used is identity method. Method of data analysis used is referential identity method and translational identity method. The method of presentation of research results used is the informal method. The results of this study revealed that the Minangkabau public speech in bapasambahan found in many forms of taxt maxim. Because the Minangkabau people in bapasambahan use allegories in communicating with interlocutor said. That Minangkabau people are required to be someone who is wise and prudent. Wise in understanding the speech delivered by his interlocutor in the form of figuratively and prudent in responding to the figurative delivered by his interlocutorPasambahan merupakan percakapan dua pihak yang bersangkutan antara tuan rumah (sipangka) dan tamu (si alek) untuk menyampaikan maksud dan tujuan dengan hormat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkapkan bentuk kesopanan yang terdapat pada teks pasambahan. Untuk mengungkapkan bentuk kesopanan dalam pasambahan, digunakan teori kesopanan berbahasa yang dikemukakan oleh Lecch. Leech membagi prinsip kesopanan menjadi 6 maksim, yaitu maksim kearifan, maksim kedermawanan, maksim pujian, maksim kerendahan hati, maksim kesepakatan, dan maksim simpati. Metode penyediaan data yang digunakan adalah metode simak. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah metode padan referensial dan translasional. Metode penyajian hasil penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode informal. Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa tuturan masyarakat Minangkabau dalam bapasambahan banyak ditemukan dalam bentuk maksim kearifan karena masyarakat Minangkabau dalam bapasambahan menggunakan kiasan dalam berkomunikasi dengan mitra tuturnya. Sehingga masyarakat Minangkabau dituntut untuk menjadi seseorang yang arif dan bijaksana. Arif memahami tuturan yang disampaikan oleh mitra tuturnya dalam bentuk kiasan dan bijaksana dalam merespon kiasan yang disampaikan oleh mitra tuturnya.</p
STRUKTUR INFORMASI KALIMAT BAHASA INDONESIA: Kajian Fitur-fitur Fungsi Pragmatis dalam Struktur Kalimat
Get PDFPenelitian ini bertujuan menjelaskanstruktur informasi yang dikemas dalam konstruksi gramatikal kalimat bahasa Indonesia.Struktur informasi memperhatikan bentuk ujaran dalam hubungannya dengan asumsi penutur dan pendengar. Asumsi ini berhubungan dengan bentuk teks yang diproduksi dan bentuk dasar tertentu yang dipilih oleh penutur dan mitra tutur. Semua hal tersebut tercermin dalam struktur gramatikal kalimat.
Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kalimat tunggal dan kalimat majemukyang terdapat dalam teks pidato Presiden Jokowi, buku pelajaran bahasa Indonesia dan talkshow kick Andy.Data dikumpulkan menggunakan metode simak dengan teknik simak bebas libat cakap (SBLC), teknik sadap dan teknik catat. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan metode agih. Teknik yang digunakan adalah teknik bagi unsur langsung, teknik lesap dan teknik baca markah. Hasil analisis data disajikan menggunakan metode informal dan metode formal.
Berdasarkan hasil analisis data, ditemukan bahwa unsur topik kalimat tunggal bahasa Indonesia dapat diisi oleh subjek dan keterangan. Topik dapat dibubuhi penanda berupa penanda demonstratif, seperti leksikal ini dan itu yang berkaitan dengan konteks. Pemarkah takrif inidan itu menjadikan topik bersifat terbatas, sedangkan komen dapat diisi oleh subjek, predikat, komplemen, keterangan dan objek.Dalam kalimat majemuk bahasa Indonesia terdapat 2 buah topik dan komen.Kedua topik komen yang terpisah dihubungkan oleh konjungsi koordinatif dan subordinatif.Struktur fokus-praanggapan dalam kalimat tunggal bahasa Indonesia terdapat tiga jenis struktur fokus, yaitu struktur fokus kalimat, struktur fokus argumen dan struktur fokus predikat. Struktur fokus-praanggapan dalam kalimat majemukbahasa Indonesia terdapat dua jenis struktur fokus, yaitu struktur fokus argumen dan struktur fokus predikat.
Kata kunci: struktur informasi, bahasa Indonesia, kalimat tunggal, kalimat majemuk
BENTUK KESOPANAN YANG TERDAPAT PADA TEKS PASAMBAHAN TULISAN DATUK TONGGAK SATI TINJAUAN PRAGMATIK
No full textLatar belakang ini bertujuan untuk mengungkapkan bentuk kesopanan yang terdapat
pada teks pasambahan tulisan Datuek Tonggak Sati. Untuk mengungkapkan bentuk
kesopanan didalam pasambahan, peneliti menggunakan teori kesopanan berbahasa yang
dikemukakan oleh Lecch. Leech membagi prinsip kesopanan menjadi 6 maksim, yaitu
maksim kearifan, maksim kedermawanan, maksim pujian, maksim kerendahan hati, maksim
kesepakatan, dan maksim simpati.
Metode dan teknik penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode yang dikemukakan oleh
Sudaryanto (1993:133). Sudaryanto membagi metode dan teknik penelitian dalam tiga tahap.
Ketiga tahap itu terdiri atas metode dan teknik penyediaan data, metode dan teknik analisis
data, dan metode penyajian hasil data.
Metode dan teknik penyediaan data yang digunakan adalah metode simak. Metode ini
memiliki seperangkat teknik, yakni teknik dasar dan teknik lanjutan. Teknik dasarnya adalah
teknik sadap. Teknik lanjutan yang digunakan adalah teknik simak bebas libat cakap. Metode
analisis data yang digunakan adalah metode padan. Metode penyajian hasil penelitian yang
digunakan adalah metode informal.
Hasil penelitian ini, ditemukannya tuturan yang mengandung maksim kesopanan,
yaitu maksim kearifan sebanyak 22 tuturan, maksim kedermawanan sebanyak 3 tuturan,
maksim pujian sebanyak 6 tuturan, maksim kerendahan hati sebanyak 1 tuturan, maksim
kesepakatan sebanyak 3 tuturan dan maksim simpati sebanyak 1 tuturan.
Kata Kunci : Pasambahan, kesopanan berbahasa, prinsip kesopanan Leech
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Linguistic Signs in Slang Used in Drug Trading Transactions in Padang City
No full textThe research discussed the linguistic sign in slang language used in drug transactions. Slang language was found based on interviews conducted with drug dealers and drug users in Ranah Parak Rumbio, South Padang subdistrict, Padang City. The aim of the research was to determine the signifier and signified found in drug slang language. Furthermore, the research determined the order of signification by analyzing the meaning of slang language based on its context. The data were obtained using the direct observation method. This was achieved by using interview techniques. The interviews were conducted with three informants. There were two men who used to be drug dealers and former drug users, and a woman who was an observer and anti-drug activist. Furthermore, the data were analyzed by using equalizing and differentiation techniques. Data analysis was carried out using semiotic by referring to the linguistic signs theory proposed by Saussure and the theory of order of signification by Barthes. In conclusion, it is found that slang is formed in word categories, abbreviations, and phrases. Then, the factors of language are also considered, such as time and place of the background, the number of participants in the interaction, talking topic, and interaction function. These factors then determine the use of slang terms between drug users and dealers
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