1,720,964 research outputs found
HEALTH PROFESSIONS AND NURSING STUDENTS: FACING A CONTEMPORARY DILEMMA BETWEEN A FOCUS ON COMPASSION OR TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE. TRANSFORMATIVE LEARNING AS A HYPOTHESIS TO COPE TO THE DE-IDEALIZATION TRAINING PATH
No full textIntroduction
According with WHO (2003) chronic diseases are increasing worldwide. Moreover, scientific progress of engineering and informatics applied to medicine has introduced many changes in health operators’ daily work, now characterized by technical and informatic devices for therapeutic and diagnostic targets in the critical settings. According to this, there are a sort of dichotomic aspect of health work, fluctuating between the human care and the technical cure (Williams et al., 2009). The caring of a chronic patient that needs psico-social support and human understanding requests compassion and ability to face suffering and death. In the other side, the cure of a critical patient requests the acquisition and continuous update of many technical and informatic skills, as well as to be efficient and rational in the emergency situations. But both kind of patients, sometimes, request both kind of assistance.
Study Design
These considerations lead to understand if this dualism characterizes only health professionals or the health students too. So, we conducted a qualitative observational study that has involved a significant group of nursing students of the Padua University. Semi-structured interviews were realized between June to September 2015, involving freshmen and near to degree students. Dialogues were recorded, unwound and analysed using a test analysis software (Atlas.ti).
Results
We interviewed 43 freshmen and 32 near-graduated. The analysis of dialogues let to identify the presence among students of a dualism resulting more dichotomic among the younger than the older students. Among freshman, especially females are oriented to a sympathetic assistance, instead almost of all men have a technical and rational approach to the profession. The difference between young and older students may be linked to the quality of experiences lived throughout the three years; when, during the stages, a student faces to some negative aspects of his future profession, many of his anticipations about nurse’s rule could be destroyed: students who have an altruistic approach could not be ready to understand their older colleagues’ cynicism. Whereas, students who have a rational approach could not be able to face patient’s request of human compassion. Some students react to this empasse activating one or more psychological mechanisms of defense (denial, avoidance, etc.) Some others choose not to defense themselves, and to try to come to terms with reality, with different consequences.
Conclusion and implication for practice
It is known that a rational or, in opposition, a contemplative thinking singularly taken is not enough to cope to the task of assisting a chronic or dying patient. As Heidegger (1966) says only the use of a union of these two kind of thinking lets humanity to face life challenges.
These students, as well as, many health professionals, need to be supported in an unavoidable and never-ending path of de-idealization that leads them to understand and accept the fatigue of a professional role that must unify rational and human, efficiency and compassion in caring for a patient that is, nevertheless, a person. The path of de-idealization (Kay, 1990) is faceable by the development of a transformative learning itinerary. Accordingly, teacher and tutor have to support students in these paths, and, above all, first university has to face these matters finding the adequate strategies to implement among teachers and tutors the transformative learning teaching methods
The “No-Visitor Policies” Among Lonely Patients, Powerless Caregivers, and Exhausted Health Professionals. Pedagogical Perspectives to Rebuild a Fractured Alliance
Full text linkOne of the most unpredictable things the pandemic brought to our societies was the closure of hospitals and other health services to visitors. Preventing the spread of infection was the main reason for these decisions in the early days of the pandemic when there was no clarity about the means of transmission and the origin of the virus. However, in view of the persistence of the restrictions to date and the numerous negative consequences they have had on the professional and personal quality of life of doctors, nurses, patients and carers, the aim of this article is to analyse in depth the reasons why these decisions have been and, above all, are still being applied, also considering the hypothesis that the choices made so far in the training of health professionals should be questioned. The persistence of restrictions, the constant reduction of human and economic resources in the face of an increase in the demand for care have exacerbated the distance between health professionals and users, to the point of escalating into actual acts of violence and aggression. According to the Critical Pedagogy approach, educators can play a central role in activating formative and collaborative strategies, such as maieutic groups, to rebuild an alliance between those who today find themselves on opposite sides: health professionals on the one hand, and patients and families on the other
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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