1,720,953 research outputs found
Еволюція уявлень про тривалість будівельного процесу: від нормативних підходів до інтегрованих моделей проєктного планування
Full text linkThe evolution of concepts regarding the duration of the construction process reflects a profound transformation in project management approaches under dynamic market conditions. From rigidly regulated normative systems, where time was viewed as a fixed constant, the construction industry has transitioned to integrated models that consider the multifactorial, uncertain, and stochastic nature of temporal processes. Early approaches were based on standardized indicators focused on unified conditions for performing work; however, practical experience demonstrated their limitations due to the underestimation of external influencing factors. With the advancement of analytical and digital technologies, duration began to be perceived as a dynamic indicator of managerial system efficiency. Models emerged that account for the interdependence of time, resources, and financial indicators, as well as the system’s ability to respond to deviations. A particularly significant role in this evolution was played by network methods – CPM and PERT – which laid the foundation for the critical path principle. The subsequent development of stochastic and fuzzy models made it possible to treat time not as a rigid constraint but as a variable management resource.
In the digital era, the concept of duration is integrated with BIM modeling, KPI indicators, and analytical platforms that enable scenario planning, risk forecasting, and real-time schedule management. As a result, time ceases to be a passive element of control and transforms into an active management tool that ensures system flexibility and adaptability. Project duration is now regarded as the outcome of the interaction between technological, organizational, economic, and behavioral factors that determine the overall resilience of the construction process. In modern management, it becomes a criterion of enterprise maturity, reflecting not only the pace of task execution but also the quality of decision-making, communication efficiency, responsiveness to change, and the degree of digital integration.
Thus, the current interpretation of duration in construction has shifted from a purely calendar-based perspective to a system-analytical one, where time is viewed as a strategic asset capable of enhancing enterprise competitiveness, ensuring project resilience, and supporting continuous industry development. The evolution of approaches to duration management demonstrates that the future of construction lies in the creation of adaptive, digitally driven systems in which duration becomes a key parameter of strategic planning, fully integrated into the overall architecture of project management.Еволюція уявлень про тривалість будівельного процесу відображає глибинну трансформацію підходів до управління проєктами в умовах динамічного ринкового середовища. Від жорстко регламентованих нормативних систем, де час розглядався як фіксована величина, будівельна галузь перейшла до інтегрованих моделей, що враховують багатофакторність, невизначеність і стохастичну природу часових процесів. Ранні підходи базувались на стандартизованих показниках, орієнтованих на уніфіковані умови виконання робіт, однак практика продемонструвала їхню обмеженість через недооцінку впливу зовнішніх чинників. Із розвитком аналітичних і цифрових технологій тривалість почала сприйматися як динамічний індикатор ефективності управлінської системи. З’явилися моделі, що враховують взаємозалежність часових, ресурсних і фінансових показників, а також здатність системи реагувати на відхилення. Особливу роль у цій еволюції відіграли мережеві методи – CPM і PERT, які започаткували принцип критичного шляху. Подальший розвиток стохастичних і нечітких моделей дав змогу розглядати час не як жорстке обмеження, а як змінний ресурс управління.
У цифрову епоху поняття тривалості поєднується з BIM-моделюванням, KPI-індикаторами й аналітичними платформами, що дозволяють формувати сценарне планування, прогнозувати ризики та управляти строками в реальному часі. Завдяки цьому час перестає бути пасивним елементом контролю та перетворюється на активний інструмент управління, який забезпечує гнучкість і адаптивність системи. Тривалість проєкту тепер розглядається як результат взаємодії технологічних, організаційних, економічних і поведінкових факторів, що визначають стійкість усього будівельного процесу. У сучасному менеджменті вона стає критерієм зрілості підприємства, який відображає не лише темпи виконання робіт, а й якість ухвалення управлінських рішень, ефективність комунікацій, швидкість реагування на зміни та ступінь цифрової інтегрованості. Так, нинішнє трактування тривалості у будівництві переходить від календарно-графічного до системно-аналітичного рівня, де час є стратегічним активом, здатним підвищувати конкурентоспроможність підприємства, забезпечувати стійкість проєкту та підтримувати безперервний розвиток галузі. Еволюція підходів до управління тривалістю демонструє, що майбутнє будівництва полягає у створенні адаптивних, цифрово керованих систем, у яких тривалість стає ключовим параметром стратегічного планування, інтегрованим у загальну архітектуру управління проєктами
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
- …
