178,172 research outputs found
Modelling of microelectronic processes and materials
No full textOrganic electronics promises the creation of electronic components on flexible materials at low temperatures, by fast techniques and more environmentally friendly processes. The research followed two directions. The first part focused on the manufacturing technique nanoimprint lithography (NIL). A comprehensive review was undertaken and process capabilities were compared for trends. It was seen that small feature sizes (< 50 nm) have not been replicated over areas greater than 4 mm2, while aspect ratios greater than 10 have not been achieved. A questionnaire addressing market opportunities suggested NIL is likely to compete for the production of devices that currently use electron beam lithography and laser writing processes that are seeking to change their business strategy from a differentiation base to a cost reduction. NIL must also prove to customers that it is an economical investment. However, improvements in stamp creation, analysis techniques and overlay alignment need to be addressed for a larger share of the microfabrication market. It was apparent that physical limits exist to which imprints can be produced and an analytical model could predict these. A model was created to describe the de-embossing step and to explore how the various material properties and process variables interact. It showed a very strong dependence on the achievable aspect ratio on the pattern area ratio and the interfacial shear stress; that de-embossing using fluorinated coatings and current standard polymers is unlikely to fail for post radii on the order of 100 nm due to adhesion and that large area ratios and aspect ratios are more easily achieved by maintaining the polymer/stamp Young’s moduli ratio (RE) in the range 0.003 to 5.The second part of the research looked at the formation of crescent singularities in thin sheet materials, which affects the production of polymer electronic based devices produced by the sponsoring company. The author compared an analytical model by Cerda and Mahadevan for the formation of developable cones (d-cones) to a finite element (FE) model and showed that explicit elements could mimic the formation of a d-cone. Different elements were analysed for their suitability and the Belytschko-Lin-Tsay (BT) element was chosen based on its speed, robustness and similarity to the analytical results. An adapted three-point bend test set-up was conceived that would enable specific attributes to be independently varied, to understand their effect on d-cone formation in thin sheets. Digital image correlation (DIC) was used to calculate the displacements and strains. The same set-up was modelled using an FE model with the chosen BT element. The DIC results showed a variation in strain with plunger displacement before the visual appearance of a developable cone and that it occurred between 0.1 and 0.4 % in-plane strain. The FE data showed a similar trend to the DIC results, showing a change in strain once a d-cone began to form. Improvements and suggestions were then made advising how to make the DIC and FE models more accurate
When to choose cardiac resynchronization therapy in chronic heart failure: Type and duration of the conduction delay
No full textCardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is an established treatment for patients with heart failure (HF), impaired left ventricular (LV) function, and wide QRS complex. The initial randomized clinical trials, which led to the widespread use of CRT, selected patients on the basis of QRS duration, not focusing on QRS morphology. However, recent evidences emphasized the role of left bundle branch block morphology in patients that underwent CRT in order to predict better response to therapy. Moreover, conventional right ventricular apical pacing might have long-term detrimental effects on cardiac structure and LV function, possibly leading to the development of HF. Therefore, current guidelines recommend upgrade from conventional pacemaker or implantable cardioverter-defibrillator to CRT or de novo CRT in patients with high (or expected high) percentage of ventricular pacing and reduced EF. We reviewed current knowledge on candidates' selection for CRT based on conduction delays that lead to electrical and mechanical dyssynchrony of the left ventricle
Dynamic provisioning: a countercyclical tool for loan loss reserves
No full textIn the wake of the financial crisis of 2007-2009, as various banking policymakers revisit loan loss provisioning rules, the Spanish approach of dynamic provisioning has garnered attention as a potential alternative to the current incurred loss approach. We review the current approach to loan loss reserves in the United States, focusing on how loan loss reserves relate to bank solvency and why the current accounting approach may have procyclical effects. We present a conceptual framework to compare loan loss provisioning under the incurred loss framework and dynamic provisioning. Then we simulate dynamic provisioning with U.S. data to present an empirical comparison.Loans
Giacomo Balla, Portrait of Fontana, 1907 (Ritratto di Fontana)
No full textAnalisi del dipinto 'Ritratto di Fontana' di Giacomo Balla, di proprietà della Estorick Collection di Londra. Un attento esame dell'opera, basato anche su indagini multispettrali, sulla radiografia X e sulla riflettografia multispettrale a scanner, ha permesso di chiarire che il dipinto non può essere identificato come ritratto dello scultore Carlo Fontana, come si credeva. Le indagini scientifiche hanno permesso di individuare numerosi aspetti tecnici caratteristici della produzione prefuturista di Balla
Data for: Cl atom initiated tropospheric chemistry of ethyl butyrate
No full textschematic representation of experimental techniqu
Data for: Tropospheric chemistry of ethyl tiglate initiated by Cl atoms
No full textcalculation method for experimental erro
Prevention of recurrences of corticosteroid-dependent idiopathic pericarditis by colchicine in an adolescent patient
No full textA case of an adolescent patient with idiopathic recurrent pericarditis is reported. On several occasions during a period of 3.5 years he was shown to be dependent on corticosteroid therapy, and he became cushingoid, After corticosteroids were substituted with colchicine, no further relapses occurred during a period of 29 months. In accordance with the first published pediatric results, colchicine represents an effective and well-tolerated alternative therapy for recurrent idiopathic pericarditis and might replace prolonged administration of corticosteroids
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Not Available
No full textNot AvailableAn expanding range of molecular techniques are now
available, which can revolutionise certain fi xed ideas
and ideologies in life sciences. Molecular approaches can
complement morphological taxonomic methods and can
be used to manipulate biocontrol agents. NBAIR has made
signifi cant strides in the fi eld of molecular entomology.CHANDISH R BALLA
Con papà. Creatività, domesticità e dinamiche familiari nella vicenda di Luce e Elica Balla
No full textTra molti casi di artiste che il canone modernista ha trascurato o relegato ai margini, quello di Luce ed Elica Balla è singolare per l'intensità quasi morbosa del legame fra le due e il padre Giacomo, figura chiave del Futurismo italiano. Il saggio esamina le dinamiche familiari di casa Balla e il rapporto artistico tra le due donne e il padre, indicando come quest'ultimo non sia stato a senso unico. La vicinanza alle figlie contribuisce infatti a spingere Balla a invertire la direzione della "ricostruzione futurista dell'Universo", che invece di proiettarsi dall'universo individuale verso l'esterno si proietta dalla città e dalla vita moderna nella quotidianaità femminile e domestica; così come, nella fase postfuturista, ne asseconda l'adesione all'universo "femminile" della cultura di massa, rispecchiato dalla fotografia di moda e dai rotocalchi
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