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ANALISIS PUTUSAN MAHKAMAH AGUNG TERKAIT SENGKETA KONTRAK YANG MENGGUNAKAN BAHASA ASING (Studi Putusan Nomor: : 1572 K/Pdt/2015 dan Putusan Nomor: 1124 K/Pdt/2020)
Get PDFABSTRAK
Pada era globalisasi, transaksi perdagangan dan investasi antarnegara semakin meningkat. Hal ini menyebabkan terjadinya peningkatan perjanjian yang melibatkan pihak asing dan pihak Indonesia. Perjanjian merupakan instrumen penting dalam transaksi tersebut, karena perjanjian berfungsi untuk mengatur hubungan hukum antara para pihak yang terlibat. Namun, terdapat ketentuan penggunaan bahasa dalam suatu perjanjian yang melibatkan pihak Indonesia yang diatur dalam Pasal 31 ayat (1) Undang-Undang Nomor 24 Tahun 2009 tentang Bendera, Bahasa, dan Lambang Negara, serta Lagu Kebangsaan yang menimbulkan perbedaan pertimbangan hakim dalam mengadili sengketa perjanjian yang menggunakan dua bahasa. Hal ini berdampak pada ketidakpastian hukum apabila terjadinya sengketa pada kasus-kasus berikutnya yang dapat merugikan pihak-pihak yang terlibat dalam perjanjian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencari kepastian hukum terhadap ketentuan penggunaan bahasa dalam perjanjian yang melibatkan pihak Indonesia. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian yuridis normatif. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif dengan menguraikan kalimat yang disusun secara sistematis. Rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah: (1) Apa perbedaan pertimbangan hakim terhadap perlakuan ketentuan Pasal 31 ayat (1) UU 24 Tahun 2009 tentang Bendera, Bahasa, Lambang Negara, serta Lagu Kebangsaan? (2) Bagaimana pengaruh perbedaan pertimbangan hakim terhadap kepastian hukum perjanjian yang menggunakan bahasa asing? Dari hasil penelitian ini dapat dilihat bahwa (1) Perbedaan pertimbangan hakim terhadap perlakuan Pasal 31 ayat (1) UU 24 Tahun 2009 tentang Bendera, Bahasa, Lambang Negara, serta Lagu Kebangsaan pada Putusan Nomor 1572 K/Pdt/2015 dan Putusan Nomor 1124 K/Pdt/2020 yaitu terdapat perbedaan pemahaman hakim dalam menafsirkan ketentuan Pasal 31 ayat (1), ketentuan pada syarat sahnya suatu perjanjian yaitu sebab yang halal dan juga sumber-sumber hukum yang digunakan hakim dalam memberikan pertimbangan hukumnya sehingga menimbulkan ketidakpastian hukum terhadap ketentuan penggunaan bahasa dalam suatu perjanjian yang melibatkan pihak Indonesia dan pihak asing (2) Pengaruh perbedaan pertimbangan hakim bagi masyarakat dan pihak yang terlibat yaitu dapat mengganggu sistem peradilan yang ada dan juga dapat berpengaruh pada cara pandang dan penilaian masyarakat terhadap peradilan terutama hakim. Ia dapat dilihat sebagai wujud ketidakadilan yang mengganggu. Oleh karena itu, perlu adanya sosialisasi yang meluas dan terstruktur mengenai Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 24 Tahun 2009 tentang Bendera, Bahasa, dan Lambang Negara serta Lagu Kebangsaan untuk menghindari perbedaan penafsiran
Kata Kunci: Perjanjian, Bahasa Indonesia, Kepastian huku
Analisis putusan Mahkamah Agung terkait sengketa kontrak yang menggunakan bahasa asing (studi putusan nomor: 1572 K/Pdt/2015 dan putusan nomor: 1124K/pdt/2020
No full textviii.; 91 hal.; ill.; 19 c
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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