1,720,966 research outputs found
La promozione della salute orale in età evolutiva: competenze e attitudini dei pediatri
No full textOBJECTIVES. The purpose of this study is to determine how pediatricians consider their expertise in terms of oral health and if they intend or feel in a position to improve their knowledge and competences in this area.MATERIALS AND METHODS. 126 pediatricians were invited by e-mail to fill in an anonymous questionnaire developed by the American Academy of Pediatrics. For statistical analysis Chi-square test was used.RESULTS. The response rate was 56.3%; 75% of responders received an oral health training; of these, 72% had 3 hours training or less and 91% did not complete a clinical internship with a dentist.CONCLUSIONS. Pediatricians are aware of their role in the promotion of oral health, but most of them consider the training received as insufficient
Effects of audiovisual distraction in children with special healthcare needs during dental restorations: a randomized crossover clinical trial
No full textBackground: Audiovisual distraction using video eyeglasses is useful in managing distress and reducing fear and anxiety in healthy children during dental treatments. Aim: To evaluate the effect of audiovisual distraction on behavior and self-reported pain of children with special healthcare needs (SHCN) without intellectual disability during dental restorations and its influence on the operator stress and the time of the appointment. Material and methods: This randomized controlled crossover trial comprised 48 children with SHCN requiring at least two dental restorations. One restoration was done wearing the video eyeglasses and one wearing conventional behavior management techniques. Subjective and objective pain was evaluated using the Faces Pain Scale â Revised (FPS-R) and the revised Face, Leg, Activity, Cry, and Consolability scale (r-FLACC). The operator stress using a VAS, the time of the appointment, and the child satisfaction were recorded. Results: The use of video eyeglasses significantly reduced the operator stress. The bivariate analysis showed that the mean FPS-R score and the mean r-FLACC score were significantly lower using the video eyeglasses only during the second clinical session. Conclusion: Audiovisual distraction could be useful in managing distress in SHCN children without intellectual disability but cannot replace the conventional behavior management techniques
Sedazione cosciente con protossido di azoto: conoscenze e attitudini di odontoiatri e pediatri in Italia
No full textOBIETTIVO: Valutare le conoscenze, le competenze e le attitudini di odontoiatri e pediatri italiani riguardo alla sedazione cosciente inalatoria con protossido di azoto e ossigeno, evidenziandone le applicazioni cliniche, i benefici e le barriere alla diffusione. MATERIALI E METODI: È stato condotto uno studio trasversale mediante questionari anonimi somministrati online a 250 odontoiatri e 69 pediatri. I questionari hanno raccolto dati demografici, informazioni sulla formazione e sull’utilizzo della tecnica, nonché barriere percepite e valutazioni sull’efficacia. I dati sono stati analizzati statisticamente utilizzando il test del chi quadrato di Pearson e il test esatto di Fisher. RISULTATI: L’84,8% degli odontoiatri intervistati utilizza il protossido di azoto, con una prevalenza maggiore tra gli odontoiatri infantili (92,6%). Tuttavia, il 60,8% dei partecipanti non ha ricevuto una formazione specifica sulla tecnica, mentre il 51,6% non conosce le normative italiane che regolano il suo utilizzo. Tra i pediatri, solo il 33,3% dichiara di conoscere la tecnica, e oltre l’80% ignora i parametri di sicurezza relativi alle concentrazioni di protossido e ossigeno. CONCLUSIONI: Nonostante l’ampia diffusione tra gli odontoiatri pediatrici, la sedazione inalatoria con protossido di azoto è ostacolata da carenze formative e conoscitive sia tra gli odontoiatri che tra i pediatri. Questo limita l’efficacia della collaborazione interdisciplinare e riduce la fiducia dei genitori nell’utilizzo della tecnica. SIGNIFICATO CLINICO: È necessario migliorare l’offerta formativa universitaria e postlaurea, integrando moduli dedicati alla sedazione inalatoria. Inoltre, un maggiore scambio di conoscenze tra odontoiatri e pediatri può promuovere l’accettazione della tecnica e migliorarne l’impiego clinico, con un impatto positivo sulla qualità delle cure pediatriche
Role of dental training and distance of the observer on the perception of apically shifted gingival margin with increased vertical tooth size in the esthetic zone
Full text linkObjectives: To evaluate the influence of the gingival contour on the smile esthetics. The influence of size, symmetry, teeth involved in apically shifted gingival margins, and the distance and clinical training of the observer were investigated.
Materials and Methods: Two groups were identified: 33 first‐year dental students (inexperienced) and 40 last‐year students (trained). Each observer expressed four evaluations on four different images assigning a score from 0 to 10. Using a picture of an “ideal” female smile, 10 variants were virtually created by shifting (2 and 4 mm) the gingival contour apically at different sites of the upper incisors and canines. A total of 292 evaluations were collected.
Results: Considering a score >6 for a “pleasant smile,” only one 4mm single alteration at the canine gingival contour obtained an insufficient score. “Observa- tional distance” and “clinical training” did not influence the final score, while size and symmetry of alterations displayed a significant role.
Conclusions: The dental training of the observer and a close interpersonal distance seemed to be irrelevant in the esthetic perception of gingival margin alterations
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
UTILIZZO DI BANDE ORTODONTICHE PER LA PREVENZIONE DEL BREAKDOWN POST-ERUTTIVO IN MOLARI AFFETTI DA IPOMINERALIZZAZIONE DELLO SMALTO
No full textBackground: First Permanent Molars affected by extensive forms of Molar Incisor Hypomineralization (MIH-FPMs) are susceptible to post-eruptive breakdown (PEB) and caries from the early stages of eruption.
Aim:This retrospective cohort study evaluated the effectiveness of orthodontic bands luted with glass-ionomer cement (GIC) in preventing dental caries and PEB in extensively yellow-brown defective MIH-FPMs.
Design: Records of 11 children, with 22 MIH-FPMs treated using GIC bands, and 22 controls with 22 MIH-FPMs treated exclusively through mineralization protocols, were examined by two calibrated evaluators. Selection of teeth relied on intraoral photographs, excluding incomplete records. Included FPMs had extensive yellow-brown defects and were devoid of caries, dentin breakdown (DB), and prior restorations. Kaplan-Meier
analysis established survival probabilities at 6 months, 1 year, and 18 months. The primary outcome was the absence of restoration requirement due to caries or DB. Secondary outcomes encompassed PEB prevention and reduction in the plaque index.
Results: At 6 months, study/control survival rates were 100%/94%, and between 6 and 18 months, 98%/73%. The difference was significant (p<0.001; Log Rank test). The control group had a higher enamel breakdown frequency. The study group showed a reduced plaque index (p: 0.010; Friedman test). In the study group, the average number of orthodontic band retention losses was 0.1 ± 0.3, and the mean number of GIC
reapplications was 1.9 ± 1.0.
Conclusions: Orthodontic bands with GIC and stringent preventive measures can effectively maintain MIH-FPMs for at least 18 months. Orthodontic bands may allow the postponement of more comprehensive restorative approaches
Complicanze odontostomatologiche a lungo termine delle terapie oncologiche in eta' evolutiva: uno studio caso- controllo su pazienti italiani
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