9 research outputs found
Investigation and Measurement of Pesticidal Residues; Benomil and Mancazeb in Cucumber Produced in Mazandaran.
No full textIntroduction: Considering the importance and usefulness of fruits in people’s daily diet as they play an important role in determining public health and also considering the significance of pesticide residues in foods and fruits , measurement of which has been repeatedly reiterated by WHO and FAO, this research was done. Irregular use of pesticides by farmers knowingly or unknowingly without observing its caress period has led to the contact of these pesticides with humans through foods and fruits and in the long run, they will surely cause chronic complications . Methods: In this study, after collecting cucumbers form 76 sample regions, we rinsed them carefully, sliced them thinly and mashed them up. Then, we extracted them three times with n butyl acetate. Later, we evaporated the solvent. At the end, we measured the residue by chromatographic gas (GC) and detector (ECD). Results and Conclusion: The results obtained were analyzed with the help of two-way ANOVA. It indicated that there is a correlation between the investigated regions and the residual amount (P>0.05). Calculation of the mean ratings showed that the levels of these two pesticides are higher than the acceptable level in most of the regions. (0.01
Rectal vs. sublingual misoprostol in cesarean section: Three-arm, randomized clinical trial
No full textBackground: Misoprostol is a myometrial stimulant with uterotonic properties and can be administered rectally, vaginally, or sublingually. Numerous studies have investigated the effect of misoprostol on the prevention and treatment of PPH (postpartum hemorrhage) after vaginal delivery, but its use to control PPH during cesarean section has not been widely studied. Methods: In this clinical trial study, 180 pregnant women who were candidates for cesarean section were included in the study. They were divided into 3 groups of 60 people (sublingual misoprostol group, rectal misoprostol group, control group). In all three groups, the volume of blood lost was recorded in the checklist at the end of surgery. Data were entered into SPSS software and analyzed. Results: The mean bleeding in the control group was 225.4±63.9, while it was 137.9±33.8 and 118.9±28.5 in the sublingual misoprostol group and rectal misoprostol group, respectively. We had significantly more bleeding in the control group (p<0.001) compared to the other two groups. Conclusion: These results confirm the positive effect of misoprostol in reducing bleeding and show the superiority of using rectal misoprostol compared to other methods of reducing bleeding during cesarean section. © 2022 Babol University of Medical Sciences. All rights reserved
Total delay and associated factors in pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Golestan province
No full textBackground: Delay in diagnosis and treatment of TB is a critical component in TB control program which thereby spreading illness in the community. Sicnce Golestan province has the high risk with high rates of tuberculosis in the country, therefore, the analysis of the factors associated with treatment delay in this province for effective interventions and proper planning is considered necessary. Methods: 689 patients documents of TB cases in the health department of Golestan University of Medical Sciences in 2016 were enrolled in this survey. The response variable in this study was having the delay or not (via determining the 34 day as cut-off point in the interval between the date of onset of the symptoms and the date of treatment start-up). The data were analyzed using SPSS 24 software and final significant level for multivariate logistic regression model was considered 0.05. Results: Median (mean) treatment delay was calculated 49(77.75) days. In the current study 60.4 of patients had total delay greater than 34 days. In final model variables such as type of PTB (OR=0.645), contact history (patients who had no contact with TB patients (OR=1.441)) and patients who their contact history were unknown (OR=1.654)) had significant relationship with delay in starting treatment after 34 days of onset of symptoms of PTB patients in Golestan (p<0.05). Conclusion: It should beam emphasis on increasing the community's awareness of the symptoms of tuberculosis and effective collaboration should be made between the Infectious Disease Control Center and the private and public sectors. © 2020 Babol University of Medical Sciences. All rights reserved
Effect of aqueous Glycyrrhza globra extract on menopausal symptoms
No full textAbstractBackground and purpose: Most women consider menopausal symptoms as natural period in their life. Many of them experienced some problems before and after the condition. There are many side effects of hormone therapy for menopausal symptoms.In different regions with various diet regimens, menopausal symptoms are different. Glycyhrhza glabra has constituents with estrogen like activity. In this study for the first time aqueous Glycyrrhza glabra extract was evaluated for decreasing menopausal symptoms.Materials and Methods: Aqueous Glycyrrhza glabra extract prepared by maceration method. The extract was concentrated and then powdered. The powder used as 250 mg capsule and standardized by glycyrrhizha content. After matching for age, menopausal age and BMI, 29 and 24 women were allocated in case and control groups respectively. Three 250 mg capsules were prescribed per day to women in case group and women in control group received placebo. The mean number of hot flashes and degree of menopausal symptoms, KI (Kupperman Index) were calculated every two weeks and classified as; without symptom, weak, medium and severs. Data were analyzed using T-test and the effects of drug on hot flash and KI were assessed in different weeks.Results: The mean age and menopausal age were 50.5 ± and 48± respectively. Results showed that the mean numbers of hot flashes, KI and FSH decreased significantly in case group but they were not significant in control group. Also estradiol hormone increased significantly in case group.Conclusion: Aqueous Glycyrrhza glabra affects hot flash and KI and is a simple and cheap drug for menopausal symptoms without any side effects
Comparison of plasma levels of zinc and lead in esophageal cancer patients with normal subjects
No full textStudy of awarencess towards and the Pattern of Milk Consumption in 7-12 year old Elementary School Students in the City of Sari and their Mothers (2005-2006
No full textBackground and purpose: Tody, most societies face significant decrease in consuming milk products in children and this process would cause problems in providing the calcium needed by children, particularly since the osteoporosis is definitely connected to a lack of receiving sufficient calcium in children and adolescence age. Therefore, the goal of this study is to study the knowledge and pattern of milk consumption in 7-12 year old children of Sari and their mothers.Materials and Methods: The research samples consisted 638 male and female student at 7-12 in elementary schools (urban and rural), chosen at random from 16 schools. Necessary data were obtained through separate and different questionnaires on the output of milk consumption and its products through direct interviews. The data of the study were analyzed using t-Test, ANOVA, Duncan follow up, Chi-square and correlation coefficient.Results: In this study, 44% of children and 37.7% of mothers consumed milk and 50.1% of children and 19.4% mothers sometimes consumed milk. 5.5% of children and 19.4% of mothers did not consume milk. Mostly, the reason for non-consuming milk among children and mothers was: not having access to milk (27.9% and 17.7%). The awareness towards the advantages of milk was desirable in 67% children and 48.7% of mothers. It was almost desirable in 21.1% children and 4.5% of mothers and undesirable in 1.4% of children and 1.1% of mothers. The amount of milk consumption for 62% of urban children and 49% of rural children was only one unit, and, in sum, the amount of milk consumption for 59% of boys and 55% of girls was less than the recommended figures. The mean average of criteria deviation in the amount of milk consumption for children showed a significant difference from their educational levels (p=0.001) and insignificant difference from their sex. In addition, the pattern of milk consumption of children had significant relationship with the sex, education level and education of father; however, it had significant relationship with the education level of mothers and the jobs of mother and father. Children's knowledge about the advantages of milk had a significant relationship with the education level of mothers, fathers and jobs of mothers (P<0.004); however, it had a insignificant relationship with their sex.Conclusion: In this study, the amount of milk consumption in half of the population subjects of the study was less than the standard recommended amount; therefore, to improve children's health status and prevent the destructive effects of osteoporosis in adulthood, there should be necessary actions to increase milk consumption among children
The effect of education by community health volunteers on choice of delivery kind in pregnant women based on the Behavioral Intention Model (BIM)
No full textBackground and aim: Delivery or parturition is the peak of a woman’s pregnancy period,
accompanied with birth of one or more babies. Unfortunately, Cesarean section, despite its
probable undesirable health and economic consequences, has become more and more common.
Considering that the goal of health education is behavior change in people, the objective of this
study was to investigate the role of health volunteers in educating mothers consulting the health
care centers in Ardabil in the area of choice of delivery method based on the Behavioral
Intention Model (BIM).
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 140 primaparous mothers in Ardabil city in
the seventh month of pregnancy were selected by systematic random sampling and divided into a
case and a control group, and a written pretest was given to both groups. Education based on the
BIM was imparted to the case group. One month after delivery, both groups were post-tested.
The data on awareness, attitude, results evaluation and practice were analyzed using the
Wilcoxon, Mann Whitney-U and Chi-square tests.
Results: The findings revealed statistical differences between the case and control groups after
intervention with regard to awareness, evaluation of results and attitude (p<0.001). However,
behavioral intention did not change (p=0.106).
Conclusion: Although health volunteers' participation results in an increase in knowledge and
promotes attitude and evaluation of behavioral results in pregnant women, it does not change
their behavioral intention. It is suggested to conduct similar studies for comparative purposesinvolving other trainers, such as physicians and nurses in other cities, using other educational
models and methods
Evaluación de las concentraciones internas y externas de material particulado PM2.5 en dos instituciones educativas de la ciudad de Barranquilla, Atlántico
No full textExposure to contaminated environments has important health repercussions, especially for vulnerable groups such as children. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the concentrations of PM2.5 particulate matter in two educational institutions (EI) in both indoor and outdoor environments. During the period between June and October 2019, the concentrations were evaluated by means of low-cost PA-II-SD sensors from PurpleAir, which were validated and calibrated by parallel measurements with the Teledyne model T640X reference equipment. The PM2.5 average concentrations for the EIA were 14.46 and 17.26 µg/m3 and for the EIB of 19.18 and 18.95 µg/m3 in internal and external environments, respectively. Ventilation processes, classroom activity and vehicular traffic were the factors that most affected variations in concentrations. The Indoor/Outdoor relations at PM2.5 levels demonstrate that the EIA is less affected by external concentrations (I/O = 0.83), while the EIB has equal concentrations for both environments (I/O = 1.01). These variations are related to the location (being EIA in an urban background area and EIB an area close to the traffic influence) and the architectural conditions of the buildings evaluated. Likewise, significant differences were observed between working and non-working days and between the conditions of occupation of the classrooms. The results indicate the need to evaluate each EI individually, assuring a good air quality to children.La exposición a ambientes contaminados trae repercusiones importantes a la salud, sobre todo a grupos vulnerables como los niños. El presente estudio tiene como finalidad evaluar las concentraciones de material particulado PM2.5 en dos instituciones educativas (IEA y IEB) en ambientes interiores y exteriores. Las concentraciones fueron evaluadas por medio de sensores de bajo costo PA-II-SD de la empresa PurpleAir, los cuales fueron validados y calibrados por mediciones paralelas con el equipo de referencia Teledyne modelo T640X. El periodo de muestreo comprendió entre junio y octubre de 2019. Las concentraciones promedio de PM2.5 para la IEA fueron de 14,46 y 17,26 µg/m3 y para la IEB de 19,18 y 18,95 µg/m3 en ambientes internos y externos, respectivamente. Los procesos de ventilación, la actividad de las aulas y el tráfico vehicular fueron los factores que más afectaron las variaciones en las concentraciones. Las relaciones Interior/Exterior en los niveles de PM2.5 demuestran que la IEA es menos afectada por las concentraciones externas (I/E = 0,83), mientras la IEB presenta concentraciones iguales para los dos ambientes (I/E = 1,01). Estas variaciones están relacionadas con la ubicación (siendo IEA en un área de fondo urbano e IEB un área cercana a la influencia del tráfico) y las condiciones arquitectónicas de las edificaciones evaluadas. Igualmente fueron observadas diferencias significativas entre los días hábiles y no hábiles y entre las condiciones de ocupación de las aulas. Los resultados indican la necesidad de evaluar cada IE individualmente, para garantizar una buena calidad de aire a los niños
