1,720,987 research outputs found
In-vitro comparative activity of fluconazole and other antifungal agents against Blastoschizomyces capitatus
No full textBlastoschizomyces capitatus represents an emerging fungal pathogen in acute leukemia patients. The susceptibility to amphotericin B, 5-fluorocytosine, ketoconazole and fluconazole of nine clinical isolates was evaluated. A specific medium (high resolution medium) was used for testing fluconazole. This agent and 5-fluorocytosine were at least four- to eight-fold more active than amphotericin B and ketoconazole against all isolates but one
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
In vitro susceptibility of Candida species isolated from patients with haematological malignancies
No full textCandida spp. (83 isolates including C. (Torulopsis) glabrata) were tested in vitro for their susceptibility to 5-fluorocytosine, amphotericin B, ketoconazole, itraconazole, fluconazole, and miconazole. The yeasts were isolated from clinical specimens, mostly from the lower respiratory tract, of 30 oncologic patients, 27/30 with haematological malignancies, during a 6-month period (December 1991-May 1992). Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal fungicidal concentration (MFC) values of the 6 drugs were obtained for each yeast using a microdilution broth method developed in our laboratory. Amphotericin B, and 5-fluorocytosine were active against the majority of the yeasts with MIC90/MFC90 values within achievable serum concentrations (3.12/6.25 micrograms ml(-1) and 0.625/0.625 micrograms ml(-1) respectively). Azole derivatives showed a species-specific activity. MFC values were two to four times higher than those of the MICs, confirming the fungistatic rather than fungicidal activity of azole derivatives. An interesting correlation was found when the in vitro susceptibility values of the isolates were compared with data of patients with or without antifungal prophylaxis or therapy during that period. In general, with respect to fluconazole, C. albicans strains isolated from patients who received no treatment showed MIC and MFC values lower than those obtained from patients who were under prophylaxis or treatment with this drug. Fluconazole administration appears to influence in vitro susceptibility testing
Identification of various medically important Candida species in clinical specimens by PCR-restriction enzyme analysis
Full text linkA single primer pair amplifying a cytochrome P-450 lanosterol-14α- demethylase (L1A1) gene fragment that encodes a highly conserved region was used to detect yeast DNA in clinical specimens. Positive PCR products were obtained from genomic DNAs of Candida albicans, C. parapsilosis, C. tropicalis, C. guilliermondii, C. krusei, C. (Torulopsis) glabrata, and C. kefyr. No human, bacterial, or parasitic DNA was amplified. The sensitivity was evaluated for C. albicans genomic DNA by using various DNA concentrations (200 pg to 2 fg). The amplified DNAs of Candida species with unknown P-450 L1A1 gene sequences were subcloned and sequenced. Identification at the species level was achieved by digestion of the PCR products with different restriction enzymes. A specific restriction enzyme analysis pattern was determined for each species investigated. Subsequently, we used PCR to detect specific yeast DNA directly with clinical specimens such as blood and bronchoalveolar lavage specimens. After appropriate treatment, the specimens were processed by PCR and the results were compared with those obtained by traditional diagnostic procedures such as cultures and serology. Although preliminary, the PCR results seem to correlate well, at least for blood, with those of antigen detection assays and traditional blood cultures, with a better and earlier detection of candidemia
- …
