1,994 research outputs found
Negative differential conductance in nanojunctions: A current constrained approach
No full textAbstract: A current constrained approach is proposed to calculate negative differential conductance in molecular nanojunctions. A four-site junction is considered where a steady-state current is forced by inserting only the two central sites within the circuit. The two lateral sites (representing, e.g., dangling molecular groups) do not actively participate in transport but exchange electrons with the two main sites. These auxiliary sites allow for a variable number of electrons within the junction, while as required by the current constrained approach, the total number of electrons in the system is kept constant. We discuss the conditions for negative differential conductance in terms of cooperativity, variability of the number of electrons in the junction, and electron correlations
Unfolding the contribution of environmental and anthropogenic variables in forest fire over western Himalayan fire regime
No full textIn last few decades, a surge of uncontrolled wild and forest fire has been observed over biomes, mostly from tropical and subtropical regions. The present study has disentangled the contribution of different environmental and anthropogenic factors in forest fire over the western Himalayan (Uttarakhand and Himachal Pradesh) fire regime, which is an active fire hotspot in India. Fire-CCI v5.1 data was used to labelled fire and non-fire pixel. The climatic (e.g. maximum and minimum temperature, precipitation, solar radiation, vapour pressure, wind speed, water vapour deficit, soil moisture and palmer drought index), physiographic (elevation, slope, aspect and roughness), anthropogenic (population density and human modification) and locational (latitude and longitude) variables were utilized to unfold their contribution in forest fire by the aid of Random Forest (RF) a machine learning technique. After parameterization, a 10-fold cross-validation RF model was built over the whole dataset and the average overall accuracy, precision, recall, F-1 score and overall accuracy were estimated as 0.94 (±0.002), 0.86 (±0.003), 0.91 (±0.002) and 0.91 (±0.002), respectively. Furthermore, the whole dataset (2005-2018) was divided into two parts, training set (2005-2017) and testing (2018), to get a robust model. The testing accuracy (overall accuracy = 0.82, precision =0.79, recall = 0.95, F1 score = 0.86 and area under curve (AUC) = 0.95) suggested a reliable performance of RF model in forest fire classification (fire and non-fire). The contributions of the selected variables were retrieved from the feature importance of the RF model. The maximum temperature exhibited the highest importance, followed by elevation, minimum temperature and location variable (latitude and longitude). The population density and human modification (gHM) are moderately contributing to western Himalayan forest fire. Keywords: Forest fire; Western Himalaya; Random Forest </p
Aktivitet: Author of Book Chapter on "Asset Performance Measurement"
No full textAuthor of Book Chapter on "Asset Performance Measurement" in Asset Management- The state of the art in Europe, published by Springer</p
Aktivitet: Co-author of Chapter 19 of the book "Maintenance of Complex Systems"
No full textCo-author of Chapter 19 of the book "Maintenance of Complex Systems" Edited by Prof DNP Murthy and Khairy Kobbacy, by Springers</p
<b>Supplemental Material - Effect of Acute Vasodilator Testing Using Oxygen in Pulmonary Hypertension Due to Left Heart Disease</b>
No full textSupplemental Material for Effect of Acute Vasodilator Testing Using Oxygen in Pulmonary Hypertension Due to Left Heart Disease by Sundararaj Rajkumar, Ajay Kumar Jha, Satyen Parida, Chitra Rajeswari, Sakthirajan Panneerselvam, and Sreevathsa K. S. Prasad in Journal of Seminars in Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia.</p
Aktivitet: Co-author of chapter on "Maintenance productivity and performance measurements"
No full textCo-author of chapter on "Maintenance productivity and performance measurements" in the Handbook of Maintenance Management & Engineering, published by Springers</p
Factors affecting the infant antibody response to measles immunisation in Entebbe-Uganda.
No full textBACKGROUND: Vaccine failure is an important concern in the tropics with many contributing elements. Among them, it has been suggested that exposure to natural infections might contribute to vaccine failure and recurrent disease outbreaks. We tested this hypothesis by examining the influence of co-infections on maternal and infant measles-specific IgG levels. METHODS: We conducted an observational analysis using samples and data that had been collected during a larger randomised controlled trial, the Entebbe Mother and Baby Study (ISRCTN32849447). For the present study, 711 pregnant women and their offspring were considered. Helminth infections including hookworm, Schistosoma mansoni and Mansonella perstans, along with HIV, malaria, and other potential confounding factors were determined in mothers during pregnancy and in their infants at age one year. Infants received their measles immunisation at age nine months. Levels of total IgG against measles were measured in mothers during pregnancy and at delivery, as well as in cord blood and from infants at age one year. RESULTS: Among the 711 pregnant women studied, 66% had at least one helminth infection at enrolment, 41% had hookworm, 20% M. perstans and 19% S. mansoni. Asymptomatic malaria and HIV prevalence was 8% and 10% respectively. At enrolment, 96% of the women had measles-specific IgG levels considered protective (median 4274 mIU/ml (IQR 1784, 7767)). IgG levels in cord blood were positively correlated to maternal measles-specific IgG levels at delivery (r = 0.81, p < 0.0001). Among the infants at one year of age, median measles-specific IgG levels were markedly lower than in maternal and cord blood (median 370 mIU/ml (IQR 198, 656) p < 0.0001). In addition, only 75% of the infants had measles-specific IgG levels considered to be protective. In a multivariate regression analysis, factors associated with reduced measles-specific antibody levels in infancy were maternal malaria infection, infant malaria parasitaemia, infant HIV and infant wasting. There was no association with maternal helminth infection. CONCLUSION: Malaria and HIV infection in mothers during pregnancy, and in their infants, along with infant malnutrition, may result in reduction of the antibody response to measles immunisation in infancy. This re-emphasises the importance of malaria and HIV control, and support for infant nutrition, as these interventions may have benefits for vaccine efficacy in tropical settings
The Tribal Society of Mayurbhanj, Odisha
No full text<p><strong>Abstract:</strong> Tribes are considered one of the most backward and isolated communities worldwide. Their livelihood and socio-economic status are restrained to the direct utilization of natural resources. They completely depend upon nature for their survival. Odisha is a backward state in India but it is rich in tradition, culture, and natural resources. The people of the forest and hill tract are the original ancestors of Odisha today consider as tribes. Out of thirty districts in Odisha, nine are considered tribal regions among them Mayurbhanj occupies the second position in Tribal concentration. The present study tries to explain the different tribal community of Mayurbhanj their demographic and social status as well as their occupational structure. This paper gives a comprehensive idea about the tribes in Mayurbhanj. From the analysis, it is clear that it's very difficult to bring the tribes into the mainstream of society though there were a lot of tribal development programs implemented by both center as well as the state. Among all the tribal communities in Mayurbhanj, only Santhal and Bhumja are considered civilized. But still, now socio-economic disparities among the different clans and gender continue to be a dominant dilemma in tribal regions. </p><p><strong>Keywords:</strong> Tribe, Socio-economic disparity, Livelihood, Demography.</p><p><strong>Title:</strong> The Tribal Society of Mayurbhanj, Odisha</p><p><strong>Author:</strong> Subhasmita Parida, Dr.Sujata Mishra</p><p><strong>International Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Innovations</strong></p><p><strong>ISSN 2348-1218 (print), ISSN 2348-1226 (online)</strong></p><p><strong>Vol. 11, Issue 4, October 2023 - December 2023</strong></p><p><strong>Page No: 35-42</strong></p><p><strong>Research Publish Journals</strong></p><p><strong>Website: www.researchpublish.com</strong></p><p><strong>Published Date: 07-November-2023</strong></p><p><strong>DOI: </strong><a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10078340"><strong>https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10078340</strong></a></p><p><strong>Paper Download Link (Source)</strong></p><p><a href="https://www.researchpublish.com/papers/the-tribal-society-of-mayurbhanj-odisha"><strong>https://www.researchpublish.com/papers/the-tribal-society-of-mayurbhanj-odisha</strong></a></p>
Maintenance performance assessment (MPA) framework for engineering asset
No full textAssessing Performance is a necessity for any industry today even in its simplest form. Performance assessment of maintenance process is a complex issue as it involves various inputs, outputs and stakeholders. Therefore, it is essential to consider all the relevant issues and factors for the maintenance performance assessment (MPA). The stakeholders' needs are required to be considered from different organizational hierarchical levels. In this paper, the author has tried to discuss the MPA framework from multi-criteria and hierarchical level, which needs to be holistic and balanced for the industrial application.</p
Effect of praziquantel treatment of Schistosoma mansoni during pregnancy on immune responses to schistosome antigens among the offspring: results of a randomised, placebo-controlled trial.
No full textBACKGROUND: Offspring of women with schistosomiasis may exhibit immune responsiveness to schistosomes due to in utero sensitisation or trans-placental transfer of antibodies. Praziquantel treatment during pregnancy boosts maternal immune responses to schistosome antigens and reduces worm burden. Effects of praziquantel treatment during pregnancy on responses among offspring are unknown. METHODS: In a trial of anthelminthic treatment during pregnancy in Uganda (ISRCTN32849447; http://www.controlled-trials.com/ISRCTN32849447/elliott), offspring of women with Schistosoma mansoni were examined for cytokine and antibody responses to schistosome worm (SWA) and egg (SEA) antigen, in cord blood and at age one year. Relationships to maternal responses and pre-treatment infection intensities were examined, and responses were compared between the offspring of women who did, or did not receive praziquantel treatment during pregnancy. RESULTS: Of 388 S. mansoni-infected women studied, samples were obtained at age one year from 215 of their infants. Stool examination for S. mansoni eggs was negative for all infants. Cord and infant samples were characterised by very low cytokine production in response to schistosome antigens with the exception of cord IL-10 responses, which were substantial. Cord and infant cytokine responses showed no association with maternal responses. As expected, cord blood levels of immunoglobulin (Ig) G to SWA and SEA were high and correlated with maternal antibodies. However, by age one year IgG levels had waned and were hardly detectable. Praziquantel treatment during pregnancy showed no effect on cytokine responses or antibodies levels to SWA or SEA either in cord blood or at age one year, except for IgG1 to SWA, which was elevated in infants of treated mothers, reflecting maternal levels. There was some evidence that maternal infection intensity was positively associated with cord blood IL-5 and IL-13 responses to SWA, and IL-5 responses to SEA, and that this association was modified by treatment with praziquantel. CONCLUSIONS: Despite strong effects on maternal infection intensity and maternal immune responses, praziquantel treatment of infected women during pregnancy had no effect on anti-schistosome immune responses among offspring by age one year. Whether the treatment will impact upon the offspring's responses on exposure to primary schistosome infection remains to be elucidated. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ISRCTN: ISRCTN32849447
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