158 research outputs found
A 160x160-pixel Image Sensor for Multispectral Visible, Infrared and Terahertz Detection
No full textThis paper describes the development and characterization of a 160×160-pixels image sensor for the simultaneous detection of visible, infrared and terahertz spectra. The monolithic imager is realized by means of post-processing of CMOS wafers housing the readout integrated circuit (ROIC). Visible pixels are implemented as conventional photodiodes in the ROIC, which contains also the addressing and processing electronics for the infrared and terahertz bands. Infrared and terahertz detectors are based on micro-bolometers and realized during the post-processing fabrication steps. A standard 0.35μm 2P4M CMOS wafer lot has been fabricated and processed, and single imagers characterized for the three spectral bands.
Successful operation has been verified at 50 fps, with more than
100 dB dynamic range in the visible region, a NETD of 60mK in
the infrared, and a 63pW NEP for the terahertz, with a total
power consumption of 173 mW
Lipid quality in infant nutrition: current knowledge and future opportunities
No full textDietary lipids are key for infants to not only meet their high energy needs but also fulfill numerous metabolic and physiological functions critical to their growth, development, and health. The lipid composition of breast milk varies during lactation and according to the mother's diet, whereas the lipid composition of infant formulae varies according to the blend of different fat sources. This report compares the compositions of lipids in breast milk and infant formulae, and highlights the roles of dietary lipids in term and preterm infants and their potential biological and health effects. The major differences between breast milk and formulae lie in a variety of saturated fatty acids (such as palmitic acid, including its structural position) and unsaturated fatty acids (including arachidonic acid and docosahexaenoic acid), cholesterol, and complex lipids. The functional outcomes of these differences during infancy and for later child and adult life are still largely unknown, and some of them are discussed, but there is consensus that opportunities exist for improvements in the qualitative lipid supply to infants through the mother's diet or infant formulae. Furthermore, research is required in several areas, including the needs of term and preterm infants for long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, the sites of action and clinical effects of lipid mediators on immunity and inflammation, the role of lipids on metabolic, neurological, and immunological outcomes, and the mechanisms by which lipids act on short- and long-term health.Bernadette Delplanque, Robert Gibson, Berthold Koletzko, Alexandre Lapillonne, and Birgitta Strandvi
Modeling and numerical simulation of droplet spreading and solidification after impact on a solid substrate
No full textIncludes bibliographical references (pages 50-53)
Innovative monolithic detector for tri-spectral (THz, IR, Vis) imaging
No full textFusion of multispectral images has been explored for many years for security and used in a number of commercial products. CEA-Leti and FBK have developed an innovative sensor technology that gathers monolithically on a unique focal plane arrays, pixels sensitive to radiation in three spectral ranges that are terahertz (THz), infrared (IR) and visible. This technology benefits of many assets for volume market: compactness, full CMOS compatibility on 200mm wafers, advanced functions of the CMOS read-out integrated circuit (ROIC), and operation at room temperature. The ROIC houses visible APS diodes while IR and THz detections are carried out by microbolometers collectively processed above the CMOS substrate. Standard IR bolometric microbridges (160x160 pixels) are surrounding antenna-coupled bolometers (32X32 pixels) built on a resonant cavity customized to THz sensing. This paper presents the different technological challenges achieved in this development and first electrical and sensitivity experimental tests
A MAP OF THE AFFECTIVE SEMANTIC SPACE RELATED TO VARIOUS DIFFERENT TYPES OF WINE
No full textEven if there are incidental factors that can modify emotions and attitudes towards foods and beverages (e.g. purchase environment, packaging, mood), some products are more associated with emotional experiences than others. Wine, for example, is an “emotional” product, at least in some cultures including Italy. Previous studies have shown that the lexicon used to describe the affective space of life experiences is not the same as that which is used to describe individual reactions to foods and odours (Delplanque et al., 2012). This also applies to wine (Author, 2010), where the semantic space suffers from “hedonic asymmetry”. This study aimed to select a list of adjectives in Italian to describe different intensities of emotions elicited during the tasting of various wines. 88 wine consumers assessed the intensities of their feelings in a testing situation using a list of 31 adjectives. 23 of these adjectives were selected from past studies on imagined emotions (Author, 2010) associated with wine and 8 were selected from research on the emotions elicited by odours and foods (Chrea et al., 2009; King, Meiselman, 2010). A Visual Analogue Scale was used. The types of wines used as stimuli varied in terms of colour and enological characteristics in order to represent the wide range of products available. While some terms proved to be more useful to describe the tasting experience, others appeared to be especially useful to discriminate between the various different types of wine. This is the first time that there has been evidence that a specific set of terms is needed to report the feelings elicited by wine tasting efficiently. It also supports the hypothesis that specific emotional profiles can be attributed to different types of wine. Emotions elicited by products are becoming more and more important in terms of product differentiation. In the field of wine, emotional profiles, associated with the traditional sensory profiles, can offer useful additional and attractive information. Chrea, C., Grandjean D., Delplanque S., Cayeux I., Le Calvé B., Aymard L., et al. (2009). Mapping the semantic space for the subjective experience of emotional responses to odors. Chemical Senses. 34(1), 49-62. Delplanque, S., Chrea C., Grandjean D., Ferdenzi C., Cayeux I., Porcherot C., et al. (2012). How to map the affective semantic space of scents. Cognition and Emotion. 26(5), 885-898. King S.C., Meiselman H.L. (2010). Development of a method to measure consumer emotions associated with foods. Food Quality and Preference. 21, 168-177
Influence of environmental medium on fatty acid composition of human cells: Leukocytes and fibroblasts
No full textTypologie linguistique et histoire du peuplement: le cas des langues gur du Burkina Faso
No full textCe travaille demanderait a être étendu à toutes les langues gur parlées au Burkina. L'auteur accueillera avec plaisir tout commentaire et toute information supplémentaire. Contact: [email protected] *******************************The present work should be extended to all the gur languages spoken in Burkina. Comments and further information will be welcome. Contact: [email protected] opuscule de 33 pages propose une classification structurale des langues de la famille gur parlées au BF. Dans les ch. I et II, , l'auteur définit et justifie les sept critères typologiques retenus, par ordre de priorité décroissante: l'ordre des termes dans l'énoncé, la relation entre genres et classes nominales, le marquage de l'aspect verbal, la marque d'actualité verbale, celle de l'actualité nominale et enfin quelques traits phonologiques, notamment le rôle de l'harmonie vocalique ATR. Ces critères révèlent trois types de langues gur, qui n'ont jamais été identifiés en tant que tels dans la littérature et dont la répartition géographique ne correspond que très imparfaitement au tryptique "est - centre - ouest" (carte jointe). A partir de là, l'auteur tente de comprendre cette hétérogénéité en tenant compte de l'Histoire, mais aussi des mécanismes généraux du changement linguistique (phénomènes de contacts de langues envisagés du point de vue sociolinguistique et du point de vue psycho-linguistique). Les résultats obtenus ainsi que les hypothèses qui tentent de les expliquer interpellent tous ceux qui s'intéressent à l'histoire du peuplement dans cette partie du monde.*****************************This paper of 33 pages proposes a structural classification of the Gur languages spoken in Burkina Faso. In section I & II, the author defines and justifies the seven typologic criteria he uses, from the more to the less important : word-order in the sentence, the relation gender-class, the expression of verbal aspect, the mark of actuality on verbs and on nouns and finally a few phonological features, in particular the ATR vowel harmony. These criteria reveal three types of Gur languages, which have never been identified as such in the literature and which only poorly correspond to the geographic "east - centre -west" of the aera (one map). So the author tries to understand the how and why those kin languages are so heterogenous, taking into account the historical data, but also the general mechanisms at work in linguistic change (languages in contact, both from a socio-linguistic and a psycho-linguistic angle). The results as well as the hypotheses trying to account for them should appeal to all those interested in the history of population in this part of the world
Typologie linguistique et histoire du peuplement: le cas des langues gur du Burkina Faso
No full textCe travaille demanderait a être étendu à toutes les langues gur parlées au Burkina. L'auteur accueillera avec plaisir tout commentaire et toute information supplémentaire. Contact: [email protected] *******************************The present work should be extended to all the gur languages spoken in Burkina. Comments and further information will be welcome. Contact: [email protected] opuscule de 33 pages propose une classification structurale des langues de la famille gur parlées au BF. Dans les ch. I et II, , l'auteur définit et justifie les sept critères typologiques retenus, par ordre de priorité décroissante: l'ordre des termes dans l'énoncé, la relation entre genres et classes nominales, le marquage de l'aspect verbal, la marque d'actualité verbale, celle de l'actualité nominale et enfin quelques traits phonologiques, notamment le rôle de l'harmonie vocalique ATR. Ces critères révèlent trois types de langues gur, qui n'ont jamais été identifiés en tant que tels dans la littérature et dont la répartition géographique ne correspond que très imparfaitement au tryptique "est - centre - ouest" (carte jointe). A partir de là, l'auteur tente de comprendre cette hétérogénéité en tenant compte de l'Histoire, mais aussi des mécanismes généraux du changement linguistique (phénomènes de contacts de langues envisagés du point de vue sociolinguistique et du point de vue psycho-linguistique). Les résultats obtenus ainsi que les hypothèses qui tentent de les expliquer interpellent tous ceux qui s'intéressent à l'histoire du peuplement dans cette partie du monde.*****************************This paper of 33 pages proposes a structural classification of the Gur languages spoken in Burkina Faso. In section I & II, the author defines and justifies the seven typologic criteria he uses, from the more to the less important : word-order in the sentence, the relation gender-class, the expression of verbal aspect, the mark of actuality on verbs and on nouns and finally a few phonological features, in particular the ATR vowel harmony. These criteria reveal three types of Gur languages, which have never been identified as such in the literature and which only poorly correspond to the geographic "east - centre -west" of the aera (one map). So the author tries to understand the how and why those kin languages are so heterogenous, taking into account the historical data, but also the general mechanisms at work in linguistic change (languages in contact, both from a socio-linguistic and a psycho-linguistic angle). The results as well as the hypotheses trying to account for them should appeal to all those interested in the history of population in this part of the world
La mindfulness comme stratégie de régulation émotionnelle. Comparaison avec la suppression expressive et le reappraisal sur la régulation d'émotions positives
No full textA ce jour, quelques études empiriques indiquent qu'un exercice ponctuel de mindfulness permet une réduction efficace des affects négatifs et positifs, chez des participants sans expérience préalable de mindfulness. Néanmoins, cela n'a jamais été testé en confrontant les effets de la mindfulness à d'autres stratégies de régulation. Dans cette étude, nous proposons de comparer mindfulness, reappraisal et suppression expressive. Des participants avec ou sans expérience préalable de méditation ont visionné des extraits vidéo de valence positive en appliquant une consigne de régulation imposée : mindfulness, reappraisal, suppression expressive et condition « contrôle » sans consigne de régulation. Les résultats montrent que (a) les participants sans expérience de méditation rapportent un affect positif moindre en reappraisal et en mindfulness, par rapport à la suppression expressive et à la condition contrôle ; (b) l'expression faciale émotionnelle est atténuée en conditions de reappraisal et de mindfulness. Les implications des résultats sont discutées
Les verbes de jugement en dagara (Burkina Faso)
No full textVerbs of « judgement » are defined as verbs which can be followed by an object-clause. The morpho- syntactic component establishes four types (with/without a linking particle ; subordinate with indicative, aoristic or optative mode). The pragmatic component shows that those four types correspond to four types of speech acts : expositive, exercitive, behabitive and categorical (such a structure refers to the four actors of communication : me, you, him and the norm). But each type contains sub-classes : speecnVnon-speech verbs ; subjective/objective judgement ; interlocutor primordial/non primordial or adjuvant/opponent). In the semantic component, each verb shows specific inferences and changes of meaning in definite contexts ; a relationship is also established between semantic fields and available vocabulary. In the semiotic component, the author considers dicto-modal operations (with truth-tables for the various logical connexions P- Q) and several predicative values (verbs implying a locative/causal relation). Eventually, the author — a linguist, not an anthropologist — focusses the unity of Human Language and debates on the mutual status of linguistics and ethnolinguistics. He particularly shows how important it is to question informants in their own language (spontaneous definitions and paraphrase-tests). Also, he stresses the fact that the rules underlying communication are a part of « Culture ». And he makes it a point to search for cognitive mechanisms which genrate human cultures, and for the useful concepts that would help account for correlations between ethnolinguistic features.L'auteur appelle « verbes de jugement » l'ensemble des verbes dagara pouvant être suivis d'une subordonnée complétive Q. Au plan morpho-syntaxique on distingue quatre types formels (selon la présence / absence d'un connecteur ; et selon le mode de Q). Au plan pragmatique, ces quatre types correspondent à quatre types d'énonciation : expositif, exercitif, comportatif et catégorique (cette structure renvoie aux quatre protagonistes de renonciation : moi, toi, lui et la norme). Mais à l'intérieur de chaque type, il y a lieu de distinguer des sous-classes (parole/non-parole ; subjectif /objectif ; interlocuteur primordial/non primordial ou adjuvant/opposant, etc.). Au plan sémantique, on étudie les implications de chaque verbe, les variations de sens en contexte, et le rapport entre champ notionnel et richesse lexicale. Au plan sémioti- que, on repère certaines opérations dicto-modales (tables de vérité de la connexion P-Q) et certaines valeurs predicatives (verbes à relation locative ou à relation causale). En conclusion, l'auteur — linguiste non-ethnologue — s'interroge sur l'unité du Langage humain et sur le statut respectif de la linguistique et de l'ethnolinguistique. En particulier, il souligne l'avantage qu'il y a à mener l'enquête dans la langue même (définitions de mots et tests de paraphrases). Par ailleurs, l'auteur estime que les règles qui sous-tendent la communication font partie de la culture. Il propose en conséquence de rechercher les mécanismes cognitifs qui engendrent les cultures et les concepts opératoires qui permettraient d'appréhender des corrélations de traits ethnolinguistiques.Delplanque Alain. Les verbes de jugement en dagara (Burkina Faso). In: Journal des africanistes, 1987, tome 57, fascicule 1-2. pp. 133-147
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