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Aktivitas Sitotoksik Fraksi Polar Ekstrak Etanol Kulit Batang Sirsak (Annona Muricata Linn.) Terhadap Sel T47d Serta Profil Kromatografi Lapis Tipis
Full text linkTanaman sirsak (Annona muricata L.) merupakan salah satu tanaman yang
berkhasiat sebagai antikanker. Penelitian sebelumnya menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak
heksana dari kulit batang sirsak (Annona muricata L.) mempunyai efek sitotoksik
terhadap sel CEM-SS dengan nilai IC50 sebesar 0,8 μg/mL dan ekstrak etil asetat
mempunyai efek sitotoksik terhadap sel HL dengan nilai IC50 0,5 μg/mL. Tujuan
penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efek sitotoksik terhadap sel T47D serta
mengetahui kandungan senyawa kimia yang terdapat pada fraksi polar ekstrak
etanol kulit batang sirsak dengan analisis KLT.
Ekstraksi kulit batang sirsak dilakukan dengan maserasi menggunakan
pelarut etanol 96%. Ekstrak kental yang didapat difraksinasi menggunakan KCV
dengan pelarut bertingkat yaitu etil asetat : n-heksana (1:9), (2:8), (3:7), (4:6), dan
etanol 96%. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitan ini adalah metode MTT
assay dengan seri konsentrasi yang digunakan 500, 250, 125, 62,5, 31,25, 15,625,
dan 7,8125 μg/mL, sedangkan untuk identifikasi golongan senyawa kimia
menggunakan metode KLT dengan beberapa pereaksi semprot, fase diam Silika
GF254 dan fase gerak etil asetat : n-heksana 2:8.
Hasil identifikasi golongan senyawa kimia menggunakan beberapa
pereaksi semprot menunjukkan bahwa fraksi polar ekstrak etanol kulit batang
sirsak (Annona muricata L.) mengandung golongan senyawa polifenol, alkaloid,
saponin, dan flavonoid, tetapi tidak berefek sitotoksik terhadap sel kanker
payudara T47D
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Pengetahuan Perawat Mengenai Faktor Risiko Sediaan Intravena yang Berkaitan dengan Kejadian Flebitis
Full text linkFlebitis merupakan infeksi yang sering terjadi selama perawatan dan dapat menyebabkan komplikasi lebih lanjut seperti septikemia, sehingga dapat memperpanjang waktu perawatan di rumah sakit. Kondisi ini dapat dipengaruhi oleh pengetahuan perawat mengenai administrasi obat injeksi intravena. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengetahuan perawat mengenai faktor risiko sediaan intravena yang berkaitan dengan kejadian flebitis. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan cross-sectional. Subyek penelitian perawat pada suatu rumah sakit pemerintah di Kabupaten Karanganyar, Jawa Tengah. Sejumlah 159 perawat terlibat dalam penelitian yang dilakukan bulan September hingga Oktober 2020. Pengetahuan perawat mengenai faktor risiko sediaan intravena yang berkaitan dengan kejadian flebitis dinilai menggunakan instrumen kuesioner. Kuesioner terdiri dari karakteristik responden, pengetahuan perawat mengenai faktor risiko sediaan intravena yang berkaitan dengan kejadian flebitis, dan pernyataan perawat mengenai perawatan dan pemeliharaan kanula intravena perifer. Kuesioner telah diuji validitas dengan hasil valid. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 83,08% responden memiliki pengetahuan yang baik mengenai faktor risiko sediaan intravena, dan 86,30% responden menjawab dengan benar terkait pernyataan perawat mengenai perawatan dan pemeliharaan kanula intravena perifer. Pelatihan obat suntik dan teknik aseptik masih sangat diperlukan mengingat masih terdapat 10,69% responden yang belum mendapatkan pelatihan serta diperlukan juga workshop penyegaran agar dapat memaksimalkan pelayanan di rumah saki
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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