40 research outputs found
Smart Tumbler / Nur Hidayah Jaafar, Mas Hanisah Azmi … [et al.]
Full text linkA newly product developed based on generated ideas and concerns to those in needs of change in the normal product. This product is the results for those who need to stay hydrated other than creating awareness of the importance of hydration status. The targeted population was those of athlete and the general population around the world. The specifications of this product are slender and long bottle, special alarm as a reminder to drink and as location detection, safety locked and available in many colors. Based on the variables of questionnaires and survey done, this new product was generated through those demand
Effects of different cooking preparations on the nutritional composition and antioxidant properties of Etlingera coccinea (Blume) S. Sakai & Nagam (Tuhau)
Full text linkTuhau (Etlingera coccinea) is a traditional plant widely consumed in Southeast Asia due to its unique flavor and potential health benefits. However, the influence of various cooking preparations on its nutritional composition and antioxidant activities remains understudied. This research aimed to investigate the effect of different cooking methods on Tuhau, providing valuable insights for optimizing its preparation for enhanced health benefits. Tuhau rhizomes were purchased, sliced, and divided into six groups representing different cooking preparations: control, pickled, stir-fried, deep-fried, boiled, and blanched. Proximate analysis was conducted to determine the nutritional composition, including ash, protein, fat, moisture, crude fiber, and carbohydrate content. The antioxidant activities of the cooked Tuhau samples were evaluated using DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging assays, while the total phenolic content (TPC) was determined using the Folin-ciocalteu method. Uncooked Tuhau samples were used as a control for comparison. The findings indicate that different cooking methods significantly influence the nutritional composition and antioxidant activities of Tuhau. Cooking processes, such as boiling and blanching, increased the moisture content, while stir-frying and deep-frying led to higher fat content. Moreover, deep-fried Tuhau exhibited the highest crude fiber content and TPC, which could contribute to its enhanced antioxidant activities. However, the weak correlation between antioxidant assays and total phenolic content suggests that other compounds may also contribute to the observed antioxidant properties of Tuhau. This study demonstrates that cooking preparations impact the nutritional composition and antioxidant activities of Tuhau. The findings provide valuable insights for optimizing the cooking methods of Tuhau to enhance its health benefits. Further research is warranted toexplore other nutritional compositions and the use of Tuhau as a food ingredient in a variety of food products
Smart Tumbler / Nur Hidayah Jaafar … [et al.]
Full text linkA newly product developed based on generated ideas and concerns to those in needs of change in the normal product. This product is the results for those who need to stay hydrated other than creating awareness of the importance of hydration status. The targeted population was those of athlete and the general population around the world. The specifications of this product are slender and long bottle, special alarm as a reminder to drink and as location detection, safety locked and available in many colors. Based on the variables of questionnaires and survey done, this new product was generated through those demands
Effects of different cooking preparations on the nutritional composition and antioxidant properties of Etlingera coccinea (Blume) S. Sakai & Nagam (Tuhau)
Full text linkTuhau (Etlingera coccinea) is a traditional plant widely consumed in Southeast Asia due to its unique flavor and potential health benefits. However, the influence of various cooking preparations on its nutritional composition and antioxidant activities remains understudied. This research aimed to investigate the effect of different cooking methods on Tuhau, providing valuable insights for optimizing its preparation for enhanced health benefits. Tuhau rhizomes were purchased, sliced, and divided into six groups representing different cooking preparations: control, pickled, stir-fried, deep-fried, boiled, and blanched. Proximate analysis was conducted to determine the nutritional composition, including ash, protein, fat, moisture, crude fiber, and carbohydrate content. The antioxidant activities of the cooked Tuhau samples were evaluated using DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging assays, while the total phenolic content (TPC) was determined using the Folin-ciocalteu method. Uncooked Tuhau samples were used as a control for comparison. The findings indicate that different cooking methods significantly influence the nutritional composition and antioxidant activities of Tuhau. Cooking processes, such as boiling and blanching, increased the moisture content, while stir-frying and deep-frying led to higher fat content. Moreover, deep-fried Tuhau exhibited the highest crude fiber content and TPC, which could contribute to its enhanced antioxidant activities. However, the weak correlation between antioxidant assays and total phenolic content suggests that other compounds may also contribute to the observed antioxidant properties of Tuhau. This study demonstrates that cooking preparations impact the nutritional composition and antioxidant activities of Tuhau. The findings provide valuable insights for optimizing the cooking methods of Tuhau to enhance its health benefits. Further research is warranted to explore other nutritional compositions and the use of Tuhau as a food ingredient in a variety of food products
Ethyl acetate extract of germinated brown rice attenuates hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells: role of anti-apoptotic, pro-survival and antioxidant genes
Full text linkBackground
There are reports of improved metabolic outcomes due to consumption of germinated brown rice (GBR). Many of the functional effects of GBR can be linked to its high amounts of antioxidants. Interestingly, dietary components with high antioxidants have shown promise in the prevention of neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s disease (AD). This effect of dietary components is mostly based on their ability to prevent apoptosis, which is believed to link oxidative damage to pathological changes in AD. In view of the rich antioxidant content of GBR, we studied its potential to modulate processes leading up to AD.
Methods
The total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity of the ethyl acetate extract of GBR were compared to that of brown rice (BR), and the cytotoxicity of both extracts were determined on human SH-SY5Y neuronal cells using 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) Assay. Based on its higher antioxidant potentials, the effect of the GBR extract on morphological changes due to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced oxidative damage in human SH-SY5Y neuronal cells was examined using inverted light microscope and fluorescence microscope by means of acridine orange-propidium iodide (AO/PI) staining. Also, evaluation of the transcriptional regulation of antioxidant and apoptotic genes was carried out using Multiplex Gene Expression System.
Results
The ethyl acetate extract of GBR had higher total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity compared to BR. The cytotoxicity results showed that GBR extract did not cause any damage to the human SH-SY5Y neuronal cells at concentrations of up to 20 ppm, and the morphological analyses showed that the GBR extract (up to 10 ppm) prevented H2O2-induced apoptotic changes in the cells. Furthermore, multiplex gene expression analyses showed that the protection of the cells by the GBR extract was linked to its ability to induce transcriptional changes in antioxidant (SOD 1, SOD 2 and catalase) and apoptotic (AKT, NF-Kβ, ERK1/2, JNK, p53 and p38 MAPK) genes that tended towards survival.
Conclusions
Taken together, the results of our study showed that the ethyl acetate extract of GBR, with high antioxidant potentials, could prevent H2O2-induced oxidative damage in SH-SY5Y cells. The potential of GBR and its neuroprotective mechanism in ameliorating oxidative stress-related cytotoxicity is therefore worth exploring further
Effects of germinated brown rice on the expression of alzheimer’s disease biomarkers in high fat/cholesterol diet-induced neurodegenerative changes
Full text linkExcessive amyloid-β (Aβ) accumulation has been strongly implicated in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Various experiments utilized diet-induced animal models of atherosclerosis/hypercholesterolemia and diabetes to investigate the convergent mechanisms between metabolic disorders and sporadic AD. While saturated fats and high cholesterol levels are associated with an increased risk of AD, consumption of certain dietary components may exert a protective role. Herewith, the effects of germinated brown rice (GBR) extract in a high fat/cholesterol diet (HFCD)-induced sporadic model of AD were investigated for 24 weeks in adult Sprague-Dawley rats. Rats were divided into 7 groups (n=70): Normal control, HFCD, HFCD with Donepezil (1.5 mg/kg BW), HFCD with Simvastatin (10 mg/kg BW), HFCD with Probucol (25 mg/kg BW), HFCD with GBR-100 (100 mg/kg BW), and HFCD with GBR-200 (200 mg/kg BW). Biochemical assays, mRNA levels of inflammatory-related genes and markers of neurodegeneration in the hippocampus and frontal cortex were analyzed. GBR regulated inflammatory genes such as CRP, PPAR-γ and TNF-α, and the expressions were significantly different from HFCD group. HFCD-fed rats also exhibited increased Aβ levels and altered expressions of proteins involved in Aβ generation, degradation and clearance. In terms of these biomarkers, GBR groups exhibited significant differences when compared to HFCD group, and the effects were comparable with the normal and some of the drug control groups. Taken together, the results suggested that GBR had the potential to attenuate HFCD diet-induced neurodegenerative changes, likely due to reduced brain inflammation in addition to modulation of Aβ processing and metabolism pathway
The development of cost estimation for quality assurance system in die-casting processes
Full text linkDeep-learning-based detection of missing road lane markings using YOLOv5 algorithm
No full textRoad lane markings are critical for ensuring road user safety. To improve their safety, there are even different types of road lane markings, such as single solid lines, double solid lines, dashed single line etc. Their colors generally are white and yellow. This road lane markings mainly used to provide guidance and information for road user to comply with the rule of the road. Unfortunately, these markings get worn out with time and may even disappear. In order to prevent this from happening, regular inspection and maintenance need to be conducted. Manual inspection is tedious, slow, and prone to human errors. With the recent technological advancement, especially in machine vision and artificial intelligence, automated or semi-automated missing road lane marking detection systems can potentially be developed. In this work, preliminary study of the implementation of one of the latest deep learning algorithms, i.e. YOLOv5, has been carried out in the detection and classification of missing road lane markings. This paper shows the preliminary results which look promising as the mean Average Precision ([email protected]) reaches 0.995
Antidesma montanum: biochemistry and bioactive compounds
Full text linkAntidesma montanum is commonly known as a mountain currant tree. Its fruits and leaves are utilized locally for food and traditional medicine, meanwhile the stem is used as source of wood. The fruit contains bioactive constituents of steroid glycosides, saponins, flavonoids, polyphenols and tannins that exhibited higher antioxidant activity than at certain concentrations of standard antioxidants (i.e. vitamin E, ascorbic acid, and trolox). The leave extracts known to inhibit the activities of α-amylase and α-glucosidase in diabetic therapy. Furthermore, the leave extracts also possessed scavenging activity against both hydroxyl and superoxide anion radicals, and inhibited the nitric oxide production. Meanwhile, another studies reported on the anti-inflammatory effect of Antidesma montanum, being used to treat eye diseases, and relieving chest pain. The leaves are used externally against headache and thrush in children, for diuretic and removing kidney stone, anti-dermatitis and skin disease curing effect. A tea from the leaves is used as a tonic for mothers after giving birth and applied topically to ulcers and lumbar pains. The roots are used to treat measles, chickenpox, malaria, and stomach ache. Nevertheless, extensive research is needed to confirm the reputed beneficial effects of Antidesma montanum in traditional medicine
Curculigoside and polyphenol-rich ethyl acetate fraction of Molineria latifolia rhizome improved glucose uptake via potential mTOR/AKT activated GLUT4 translocation
No full textAdipose tissue is one of the major organs responsible for rapid restoration of postprandial glucose fluxes. Being the major isoform of glucose transporter in adipose tissue, regulations of insulin-dependent GLUT4 trafficking have always been of research interest. The present study aimed to examine the molecular mechanisms underlying the efficacy of curculigoside and polyphenol-rich ethyl acetate fraction (EAF) of Molineria latifolia rhizome in triggering glucose uptake. We assessed the adipogenic potential and glucose uptake stimulatory activity of curculigoside and EAF by employing a murine 3T3-L1 adipocyte model. The transcriptional and translational expressions of selected intermediates in the insulin signalling pathway were evaluated. While curculigoside neither promoted adipogenesis nor activated peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma, treatment with polyphenol-rich EAF resulted otherwise. However, both treatments enhanced insulin-stimulated uptake of glucose. This was coupled with increased availability of GLUT4 at the plasma membrane of the differentiated adipocytes although the total GLUT4 protein level was unaffected. In addition, the treatment increased the phosphorylation of both AKT and mTOR, which have been reported to be associated with GLUT4 translocation. The present findings proposed that curculigoside and EAF increased glucose transport activity of 3T3-L1 adipocytes via GLUT4 translocation as a result of potential mTOR/AKT activation. The more potent efficacy observed with EAF suggested potential synergistic and multi-targeted action
