200 research outputs found
Ni3S4/NiS/rGO as a promising electrocatalyst for methanol and ethanol electro-oxidation
No full textWe present a one-step hydrothermal synthesis of hybrids consisting of nickel sulfides in the form of Ni3S4-NiS (NN) and Ni3S4–NiS-rGO (NNR), i.e. with the addition of reduced graphene oxide (rGO), for application as catalysts. After accurate physical characterization and confirmation of
the successful synthesis, we evaluate the ability of these catalysts in the processes of methanol and ethanol oxidation. The precise electrochemical analyses show relatively good potential and excellent cyclic stability in methanol oxidation reaction and ethanol oxidation reaction processes.
The comparison of the two catalysts shows the superiority of NNR over NN confirming that rGO introduces a higher specific surface area and a higher electrical conductivity in the NNR structure.
In the process of MOR, NNR has an oxidation peak at a current density of 55 mA cm–2 and a peak potential of 0.54 V. In EOR, this peak is located at a current density of 11 mA cm–2 and at a peak potential of 0.59 V. NNR has 97% and 94% stability in MOR and EOR after 1000 consecutive cycles, respectively which are acceptable values
The Relation between Treated Maternal Urinary Tract Infection and Adverse Maternal, Prenatal Outcomes in Pregnant Women of Ardabil, Iran
No full textBackground and Objective: Urinary tract infection is one of the most common bacterial infections during pregnancy and has also been implicated as a risk factor for adverse maternal and prenatal outcomes. The aim of our study was to determine the relation between maternal urinary tract infection and adverse maternal, prenatal outcomes in pregnant women of Ardabil, Iran.
Material and Methods: This retrospective-case-control study was conducted on prenatal file records of pregnant women in Ardabil (2011). The pregnant women who had a positive urine culture in their prenatal files (N= 211) were considered as a case group and 232 ones without urinary tract infection as a control. Using a research- made questionnaire, the data related to present pregnancy and prenatal information was collected and analyzed by KrusKal Wallis, Chi- Square and Fisher statistical tests.
Results: Maternal age of under 25 (%61.6 vs. 56.5), body mass index of more than 30 (%18.3 vs. 15.6), primigravida (%55 vs. 48.8), hypertension (%2.4 vs. 1.3), hyperemesis Gravidarum (%14.8 vs. 12.6), frequency and dysuria (%1.9 vs. 0.9), low birth weight (%95.4 vs. 93.2), congenital malformation (%3.5 vs. 1.8), artificial milk feeding (%6.5 vs. 2.7), neonatal death (%0.9 vs. 0.0) are higher in urinary infection group, however the differences are not statistically significant. Other maternal and prenatal adverse outcomes such as diabetes, pre-eclampsia , hemoglobin level, prematurity, abortion and stillbirth have not significant relation with urinary infection.
Conclusion: Because of low level of adverse maternal or prenatal outcomes reported in our study, we conclude that screening and treatment of urinary tract infection in Ardabil health service is appropriate; therefore, no change is needed for present screening or treatment processes
Sadegh Hedayat, un écrivain francophone iranien de l'entre-deux-mondes
No full textEn Iran, Sadegh Hedayat est un auteur important qui, le premier, a pris le chemin de la francophonie. Il fustige dans ses œuvres la société à laquelle il appartient et reste un écrivain controversé. Devenu solitaire et exclu de son pays d’origine, il s’exile en France où il crée ses œuvres les plus remarquables, mais toujours dans une marginalisation absolue. Il écrit en persan et en français avec un égal talent. Partir dans un autre pays et écrire dans la langue de l’autre sont en général ressentis comme une délivrance, mais Sadegh Hedayat n’a jamais pu rompre ni de sa langue maternelle ni de son pays d’origine. Cette attitude ambivalente se reflète dans son chef-d’œuvre La Chouette aveugle qui reste singulier et excentrique dans l’histoire littéraire iranienne. Cette œuvre semble s’être lovée dans la conscience des textes occidentaux et orientaux qui hante son écriture. En marge de deux sociétés à la fois – celle de la civilisation orientale et celle de la civilisation occidentale – Sadegh Hedayat se retrouve dans une solitude délibérément choisie. Ce présent article a pour objectif d’étudier la situation d’un écrivain iranien exilé qui est coincé entre deux mondes, l’Orient et l’Occident.
Abstract
In Iran, Sadegh Hedayat is a very important author who was the first to embrace francophonie. In his works, he criticizes harshly the society he belongs to and so remains a controversial writer. Lonely and banned from his country, he went into exile in France where he wrote his most remarkable work, in complete marginalization. He writes in Persian and in French with the same eloquence. It is generally regarded that writing in another language in another country is a liberation, but, Sadegh Hedayat was never separated from his maternal language nor from his country. This ambivalent attitude is illustrated in his major work La chouette aveugle which remains singular and eccentric in the literary history of Iran. This text seems to cling to the consciousness of the western and eastern texts which pervade his writings. Outside the two societies at the same time – the western and eastern civilizations- Sadegh Hedayat finds himself in a self-imposed and voluntary solitude. This article aims to study the situation of the exiled Iranian writer stuck between two worlds, the West and the East
Du Moi à l’ombre double dans "La Chouette aveugle" de Sadegh Hedayat
No full textInternational audienceThe question of the Self in some Iranian authors appears under the image of the Double through their characters. The autobiographical work of Sadegh Hedayat made on a particular language is a knowledge even to the construction of oneself. This self-Knowledge represents the author’s personal and obscure unconsciousness, that of the shadow. The latter is the term very common among surrealists. The Iranian author shows a beautiful image of the universe of wandering shadows that possibly testifies to the legitimacy of the rapprochement between him and the surrealist movement. This article will try to study the theme of the «ego» with regard to the archetype of the shadow in The Blind Owl by Sadegh Hedayat.La question du Moi chez certains auteurs iraniens apparaît sous l’image du Double à travers leurs personnages. L’œuvre autobiographique de Sadegh Hedayat réalisée sur un langage particulier est une connaissance voire à la construction de soi. Cette connaissance de soi représente l’inconscient personnel et obscure de l’auteur, celui de l’ombre. Ce dernier est le terme très fréquent chez les surréalistes. L’auteur iranien montre une belle image de l’univers des ombres errantes qui témoigne éventuellement de la légitimité du rapprochement entre lui et le mouvement surréalisme. Cet article essayera d’étudier le thème du « moi » à l’égard de l’archétype de l’ombre dans La Chouette aveugle de Sadegh Hedayat
Stylistic Analysis of The Stray Dog by Sadegh Hedayat
No full textStylistic analysis is the method to check and observe how the language works in a literary text. This study is based on stylistic analysis of Sadegh Hedayat’s short story The Stray Dog. It aims to analyze this story from stylistic point of view to find out the use of language and different stylistic and rhetorical devices from the text. It also aims to find the meaning that these stylistic devices convey to support the themes of the text. Sadegh Hedayat’s fiction is very unique and it can easily get the attention of readers due to the versatile writing style of the writer and use of innovative features of language in sort fiction. So, this is an important methodology to learn and understand the figurative use of language in the text and what linguistic conventions are used by the author to give meaning to the story that not only convey the meaning but also support the themes and give background information. It concludes with the analysis of all these stylistic and rhetorical devices such as simile, metaphor, personification, hyperbole, imagery etc
MnCo2O4/NiCo2O4/rGO as a Catalyst Based on Binary Transition Metal Oxide for the Methanol Oxidation Reaction
No full textThe demands for alternative energy have led researchers to find effective electrocatalysts in fuel cells and increase the efficiency of existing materials. This study presents new nanocatalysts based on two binary transition metal oxides (BTMOs) and their hybrid with reduced graphene oxide for methanol oxidation. Characterization of the introduced three-component composite, including cobalt manganese oxide (MnCo2O4), nickel cobalt oxide (NiCo2O4), and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) in the form of MnCo2O4/NiCo2O4/rGO (MNR), was investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analyses. The alcohol oxidation capability of MnCo2O4/NiCo2O4 (MN) and MNR was evaluated in the methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) process. The crucial role of rGO in improving the electrocatalytic properties of catalysts stems from its large active surface area and high electrical conductivity. The alcohol oxidation tests of MN and MNR showed an adequate ability to oxidize methanol. The better performance of MNR was due to the synergistic effect of MnCo2O4/NiCo2O4 and rGO. MN and MNR nanocatalysts, with a maximum current density of 14.58 and 24.76 mA/cm2 and overvoltage of 0.6 and 0.58 V, as well as cyclic stability of 98.3% and 99.7% (at optimal methanol concentration/scan rate of 20 mV/S), respectively, can be promising and inexpensive options in the field of efficient nanocatalysts for use in methanol fuel cell anodes
CeO2-NiO-rGO as a nano-electrocatalyst for methanol electro-oxidation
No full textThis study provides the methanol oxidation capability of two nanocatalysts, CeO2-NiO (CN) and CeO2-NiO-rGO (CNR), synthesized by a cost-effective hydrothermal method. The synergistic effect of compositing CeO2-NiO with reduced graphene oxide was evaluated. These synergic effect makes a good electrochemical active surface area and suitable electrical conductivity for catalyst. In addition, rGO with good electrical conductivity revealed considerable improvement in the methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) performance of the catalyst. The cyclic stability measurements of CeO2-NiO-rGO showed a high retention ability of 96% in 500 consecutive CV cycles, while the stability of CeO2-NiO in the same number of cycles is about 93%. The complementary methanol oxidation process results indicated an oxidation current density up to 49.5 and 68.5 mA/cm2 for CN and CNR at a scan rate of 20 mV/s, respectively. The proposed catalyst can be considered as an attractive, stable, and inexpensive candidate in the field of methanol oxidation to use in methanol fuel cells
The Expression of Symbolism with the Help of Lexical Means Based on Sadegh Hedayat’s Novel «The Blind Owl»
No full textThis research paper analyzes the symbolism of images in the novel «The Blind Owl» and examines the lexical means of expression used by the author to achieve the goals of the fiction. The lexical means of expression in the work of Sadegh Hedayat «The Blind Owl» are represented by various Persian and Arabic words, word combinations and phrases that carry a certain imagery and symbolism. These word combinations, phrases and turns of phrase greatly enhance the emotional effect on the reader, making him empathize fully. The main means of expression containing symbolism are given with examples of their use in the text of the novel.</p
"La Chouette aveugle" de Sadegh Hedayat, un récit à la croisée des textes occidentaux
No full textLa Chouette aveugle, un récit d abord publié en 1936, à Bombay, en Inde, puis en 1941 en Iran, à Téhéran, et traduite en français, en 1951, par Roger Lescot,est une œuvre singulière d un auteur iranien, Sadegh Hedayat (1903-1951). C est une nouvelle qui se présente sous la forme d une longue confession faite par un narrateur anonyme, victime de cauchemars et d hallucinations. Écrite durant un séjour effectué par cet écrivain en France entre 1926 et 1930, cette œuvre est surchargée d emprunts,de réminiscences, et d allusions à de multiples lectures littéraires, philosophiques,métaphysiques, religieuses et psychanalytiques. C est un lieu de croisement d influences diverses, orientales certes mais aussi, surtout, occidentales. Cet entrelacs minutieux fait de La Chouette aveugle une œuvre hybride, très élaborée, à la croisée de l Orient et de l Occident. Pour en cerner la singularité, on s est fondé sur une approche qui a cherché à désenchevêtrer les références mythologiques qui en constituent la matière, à repérer les empreintes des modes orientalistes qui existaient à l époque, entre les deux guerres, en France et en Europe, à dégager l existence des modèles et des moules esthétiques, occidentaux, qui s y imbriquent, à en analyser aussi l inspiration nihiliste, marqué par la philosophie occidentale, et à en étudier le caractère surréaliste qui lui confère une originalité très particulière dans la littérature iranienneBlind Owl, a story first published in 1936 in Bombay, India, then in 1941 inIran, Tehran, and translated into French in 1951 by Roger Lescot, is a singular workof an Iranian author, Sadegh Hedayat (1903-1951). It's a new one that comes in the form of a long confession made by a nameless narrator, a victim of nightmares and hallucinations. Written during a stay by this writer in France between 1926 and 1930,this work is overloaded with debt, reminiscences and allusions to many literary readings, philosophical, metaphysical, religious and psychoanalytic. It is a place of intersection of diverse influences, certainly, but also Oriental, especially the West.This careful interweaving makes The Blind Owl a hybrid, very developed at thecrossroads of East and West. To identify the singularity, we relied on an approachthat sought to disentangle the mythological references which are material, to identifythe fingerprints of Orientalist patterns that existed at the time, between the wars,France and in Europe, to identify the existence of aesthetic models and molds,Western imbricate therein, to analyze also the inspiration nihilistic, marked byWestern philosophy, and to study the character that gives it a surrealist originality most unusual in Iranian literaturePARIS-EST-Université (770839901) / SudocPARIS12-Bib. électronique (940280011) / SudocSudocFranceF
"La Chouette aveugle" de Sadegh Hedayat, un récit à la croisée des textes occidentaux
No full textLa Chouette aveugle, un récit d’abord publié en 1936, à Bombay, en Inde, puis en 1941 en Iran, à Téhéran, et traduite en français, en 1951, par Roger Lescot,est une œuvre singulière d’un auteur iranien, Sadegh Hedayat (1903-1951). C’est une nouvelle qui se présente sous la forme d’une longue confession faite par un narrateur anonyme, victime de cauchemars et d’hallucinations. Écrite durant un séjour effectué par cet écrivain en France entre 1926 et 1930, cette œuvre est surchargée d’emprunts,de réminiscences, et d’allusions à de multiples lectures littéraires, philosophiques,métaphysiques, religieuses et psychanalytiques. C’est un lieu de croisement d’influences diverses, orientales certes mais aussi, surtout, occidentales. Cet entrelacs minutieux fait de La Chouette aveugle une œuvre hybride, très élaborée, à la croisée de l’Orient et de l’Occident. Pour en cerner la singularité, on s’est fondé sur une approche qui a cherché à désenchevêtrer les références mythologiques qui en constituent la matière, à repérer les empreintes des modes orientalistes qui existaient à l’époque, entre les deux guerres, en France et en Europe, à dégager l’existence des modèles et des moules esthétiques, occidentaux, qui s’y imbriquent, à en analyser aussi l’inspiration nihiliste, marqué par la philosophie occidentale, et à en étudier le caractère surréaliste qui lui confère une originalité très particulière dans la littérature iranienneBlind Owl, a story first published in 1936 in Bombay, India, then in 1941 inIran, Tehran, and translated into French in 1951 by Roger Lescot, is a singular workof an Iranian author, Sadegh Hedayat (1903-1951). It's a new one that comes in the form of a long confession made by a nameless narrator, a victim of nightmares and hallucinations. Written during a stay by this writer in France between 1926 and 1930,this work is overloaded with debt, reminiscences and allusions to many literary readings, philosophical, metaphysical, religious and psychoanalytic. It is a place of intersection of diverse influences, certainly, but also Oriental, especially the West.This careful interweaving makes The Blind Owl a hybrid, very developed at thecrossroads of East and West. To identify the singularity, we relied on an approachthat sought to disentangle the mythological references which are material, to identifythe fingerprints of Orientalist patterns that existed at the time, between the wars,France and in Europe, to identify the existence of aesthetic models and molds,Western imbricate therein, to analyze also the inspiration nihilistic, marked byWestern philosophy, and to study the character that gives it a surrealist originality most unusual in Iranian literatur
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