30 research outputs found
Intellectual property laws and Islam in Malaysia.
No full textPhDThis study is undertaken on the premise that Islam and Islamic law is to be taken into
serious consideration in any future legislative reform of laws in Malaysia. Islam being
the religion of the country and the strong religious sentiment of the Muslims (who
form the majority in Malaysia) cannot be overlooked or dismissed lightly by the
legislators in Malaysia. Reformation of intellectual property laws is timely, as we are
now approaching to the dateline set by GATF-Trips agreement which aim is to
improve our standard of intellectual property protection. This study seeks to analyze
and evaluate the current legislation pertaining to intellectual property in Malaysia in
terms of the philosophy and rules governing the existence, ownership and exercise of
these rights and their consistency and inconsistency with Islam and Islamic law. The
main objective of this study is to prove that a coherent and logical conceptual
framework of ownership of intellectual property can be derived from an Islamic
perspective which not only offers the basis of rights but also defines the scope of
these rights. From the point of ownership of rights, support can be obtained from the
normative framework of property rights within the traditional classification of 'mal'
(property) and 'haqq al-milkiyyah' (ownership rights) under Islamic law. From the
point of exercise of rights, the exact scope can be defined from the analysis of
fundamental concepts which have been developed by Muslim jurists. It has been
established that Islam and Islamic law offers a sound and systematic paradigm, which
in deeper analysis, can satisfy both our current obligations under international
treatises, as well as our responsibility to practise our religion to the fullest
PEMIKIRAN AQIDAH AHLUSSUNNAH WAL JAMA’AH SYEKH MUHAMMAD AZHARI AL-FALIMBANI DALAM NASKAH PALEMBANG 1842
No full textAbstract: Palembang has been known as a center of maritime Malay - Javanese kingdom since the mid- 17th century AD which has the legislation " Simbur cahaya " breath of Islamic law , has grown even Palembang Darussalam Sultanate and established as a center of Islamic studies and Malay literature ( 1750-1820 ) after the decline of Aceh. At the time of Sultan Mahmud Badaruddin I (1724-1757) , Sheikh appeared Syihabuddin bin Abdillah, as a translator and pensyarah book " Jawahir al-tawhid ", and the period of Sultan Ahmad Najamuddin I (1757-1774), Fakhruddin Pack arose as a writer and translator book " treatise fi al - tawhid " , while Sultan Mahmud Bahauddin period (1774-1804) was born Shaykh al-Falimbany Abdusshomad as the author, and no more. Conditions such as supported by a wealth of natural and human resources . Palembang as a center of Islamic studies in the archipelago which bears some leading scholars until the early 19th century AD, has been attacked, occupied and colonized by the British since the year 1227/1812 to 1816. Subsequently moved into the hands of the Dutch . Resistance to foreign imperialism continued through the war berkobarnya sabil until 1821. Penjajahan can destroy potential Muslims. As a result, many al- ulama and santri Falimbani fall as Martyrs \u27 hereafter. Some scholars al- Falimbani appear later generations, diantaranta Shaykh Muhammad Azhari ( SMA ) al-Falimbani ( 1811-1874 ). Year 1255/1839 SMA al - falimbani back to Palembang from the land of Hijaz. Then back to Makkah and make up the book of monotheism titled " Athiyaturrahman fi Aqo idyll of Faith " in 1842 . Year 1261/1844 he married Miss Zaliha binti Demat Wirolaksana. After being in-law Jaya Demat Lieu. He returned to Makkah. In this paper the author will reveal patterns of thought Aswaja contained in the manuscript. The methodology used to approach literary study; This method is similar to qualitative research methods , because it prioritizes explanation , description and analysis of an event or process activity. The method also includes documentation; Explores all types of data. The techique in collecting the data by using; observations, interviews, and documentary studies. Then analyzed through three strands: a) flow reduction activities, b ) the presentation of the data flo , c ) verification flow. Keywords : Palembang, Sheikh Alfalimbani, Manuscript, Tawhee
PEMIKIRAN AQIDAH AHLUSSUNNAH WAL JAMA’AH SYEKH MUHAMMAD AZHARI AL-FALIMBANI DALAM NASKAH PALEMBANG 1842
No full textAbstract: Palembang has been known as a center of maritime Malay - Javanese kingdom since the mid- 17th century AD which has the legislation " Simbur cahaya " breath of Islamic law , has grown even Palembang Darussalam Sultanate and established as a center of Islamic studies and Malay literature ( 1750-1820 ) after the decline of Aceh. At the time of Sultan Mahmud Badaruddin I (1724-1757) , Sheikh appeared Syihabuddin bin Abdillah, as a translator and pensyarah book " Jawahir al-tawhid ", and the period of Sultan Ahmad Najamuddin I (1757-1774), Fakhruddin Pack arose as a writer and translator book " treatise fi al - tawhid " , while Sultan Mahmud Bahauddin period (1774-1804) was born Shaykh al-Falimbany Abdusshomad as the author, and no more. Conditions such as supported by a wealth of natural and human resources . Palembang as a center of Islamic studies in the archipelago which bears some leading scholars until the early 19th century AD, has been attacked, occupied and colonized by the British since the year 1227/1812 to 1816. Subsequently moved into the hands of the Dutch . Resistance to foreign imperialism continued through the war berkobarnya sabil until 1821. Penjajahan can destroy potential Muslims. As a result, many al- ulama and santri Falimbani fall as Martyrs \u27 hereafter. Some scholars al- Falimbani appear later generations, diantaranta Shaykh Muhammad Azhari ( SMA ) al-Falimbani ( 1811-1874 ). Year 1255/1839 SMA al - falimbani back to Palembang from the land of Hijaz. Then back to Makkah and make up the book of monotheism titled " Athiyaturrahman fi Aqo idyll of Faith " in 1842 . Year 1261/1844 he married Miss Zaliha binti Demat Wirolaksana. After being in-law Jaya Demat Lieu. He returned to Makkah. In this paper the author will reveal patterns of thought Aswaja contained in the manuscript. The methodology used to approach literary study; This method is similar to qualitative research methods , because it prioritizes explanation , description and analysis of an event or process activity. The method also includes documentation; Explores all types of data. The techique in collecting the data by using; observations, interviews, and documentary studies. Then analyzed through three strands: a) flow reduction activities, b ) the presentation of the data flo , c ) verification flow. Keywords : Palembang, Sheikh Alfalimbani, Manuscript, Tawhee
Authentic interpretation of classical Islamic texts: An analysis of the introduction of Ibn Kathir's "Tafsir al-Qur'an al-Azim".
No full textThis study examines Ismail ibn Umar ibn Kathir's (ca. 1300-1374) introduction to his exegesis of the Qur'an, Tafsir al-Qur'an al-Azim. The analysis is predicated upon the importance of underst and ing a foreign, classical and culturally distant text approximate to the underst and ing of the original audience; they were insiders. To authentically interpret a text as they did, the researcher must be apprised of the knowledge that the author assumed of his audience and of the historical context of the text and its author. This includes recognizing the formal and rhetorical structures of the literature and knowing the background knowledge of the audience, their linguistic approach to the language, and the intertextual references of the text. Accordingly, this study focuses on certain textual relations. Major facets were the theme structure and foreground parts of the text; words and names whose meanings may be arcane to those outside of the culture of the text; and the entities that influenced the text, its transmission, and reception. The study answers the following: what were the intellectual forces that shaped Ibn Kathir's introduction? how are they reflected therein? and what facets of the text are essential to an insider's underst and ing of it, that is, for an authentic interpretation? The discussion shows that Ibn Kathir's text reflects the influence and training of his mentors and of Ahmad ibn Adb al-Halim ibn Taymiyah (d. 728/1328) in particular; his text composes the second part of Ibn Kathir's introduction. These individuals were elite Damascene scholars and adherents of Ibn Taymiyah's religious ideology. The study demonstrates that key to underst and ing Ibn Kathir's introduction and other classical Islamic texts is familiarity with the ideology and education of the writer, for the classical author was writing for those whose education and culture were similar to his. Authentic interpretation requires the researcher to have a background in linguistics particularly in text or discourse analysis and in Arabic grammar, Islamic theology, the science of hadith, and the nascent era of Islam.PhDReligionLinguisticsMiddle Eastern literatureMiddle Eastern historyUniversity of Michiganhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/162177/1/8920521.pd
A reappraisal of attitudes to the 'People of the Book' in the Qur'an and hadith, with particular reference to Muslim fiscal policy and the covenant of 'Umar
No full textEThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo
Peridynamic model for nonlinear viscoelastic creep and creep rupture of Polypropylene
No full textThis paper presents the peridynamic numerical method for nonlinear viscoelastic creep behaviour which consists of primary, secondary, tertiary creep stages and creep rupture. A nonlinear viscoelastic creep constitutive equation based on internal state variable (ISV) theory which covers four creep stages is examined. The viscoelastic equation is substituted into material parameter in the peridynamic equation to derive a new peridynamic method with two time parameters i.e. numerical time and real time. The parameters of the viscoelastic equation is analyzed and evaluated. In validating this peridynamic method, a comparison is made between numerical and experimental data. The peridynamic method for nonlinear viscoelastic creep behaviour (VE-PD) is approved by the good similarity between numerical and experimental creep strain curves with overall difference of 10.67%. The nonlinearity of experimental and numerical data is adequately similar as the error between experimental and numerical curves of secondary stage strain rate against load is 8.022%. The shapes of fractured numerical specimen show good resemblance with the experimental result as well
Bond-based peridynamic model for tensile deformation and fracture of polycarbonate and polypropylene
No full textFracture mechanics has been a crucial aspect in the field of engineering science as technologies are rapidly growing nowadays. Various numerical methods have been developed to. Meanwhile, used of materials types different behaviour in fracture analyze in industries. The application of polymers garners attention worldwide due to outstanding characteristics such as good strength, lightweight, and high temperature resistance, exemplified by polymers like polycarbonate (PC) and must aspects failure such Hence, (PP). polypropylene of materials into consideration when conditions arise that may lead to failure, such as high-load impact, fatigue, and extreme taken be Peridynamic bond-based study, a temperatures. In this model (PD) for the tensile behaviour, including fracture, of polymers has been developed. The PD model is constructed using the Centos and software and encompasses both brittle ductile fracture behaviours. Numerical results, including crack propagation, damage zone, and force-extension curves of notched specimens, are validated by comparison with experimental results of PC and PP. Through the validation process, PC specimens exhibit a difference percentage range for maximum load and a difference percentage range for maximum load and rupture extension of 31.2% to 43.5% and 0.9% to 30%, respectively. Consequently, specimens respectively. PP to 4.6%, and 2.4% to 18.8% 2.9%extension of show rupture for the brittle validation results indicate that the PD model specimens aligns more closely with experimental data compared to the PD model for ductile specimens
الترجمة الانجليزية للمصطلحات المالية الواردة في صحيح البخاري: دراسة نقدية لإسهامات الدكتور محسن خان = English translation of financial terminologies in Ṣaḥīḥ Al-Bukhārī: critical study of Mushin Khan’s work
No full textملخص
يعتبر كتاب صحيح البخاري من أرفع الكتب منزلةً لدى المسلمين بعد القرآن
الكريم. إلى يومنا هذا، توجد ترجمة واحدة باللغة الإنجليزية للكتاب التي قام بها الدكتور
محمد محسن خان. هذه الدراسة تهدف إلى النظر في مدى صحة ترجمة الأجزاء المختارة
من خلال دراسة البحث النوعي والمقارن. تم تقسيم الدارسة إلى ٦ أجزاء: أولاً التعريف
بالجامع الصحيح، ومختصره، وثانياً: التعريف ب تجمة التجريد الصريح ومؤلفه، وثالثاً: بيان
التجمة الخاطئة للمصطلحات، ورابعاً: بيان التجمة غير الدقيقة للمصطلحات، وخامساً:
بيان التعريف غير الدقيق للمصطلحات، وسادساً: بيان المصطلحات غير المتجمة. في
نهاية البحث، يقتح الباحث أن يتم تشكيل لجنة رفيعة المستوى من أجل إعادة النظر فيالتجمة المطبوعة بناء على ما ورد في ترجمات المراجع الفقهية التي صدرت في السنوات
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Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī deemed to be the most respectful book by Muslims after Quran. As of date, it has only one complete translation in English which was done by Dr. Muhammad Mushin Khan. This study aimed to look into accuracy of the translation of select sections of the book through qualitative and comparative research. The study was divided into six sections: firstly, introduction to Al-JāmiꜤ al-Ṣaḥīḥ and its author, secondly introduction to translation of al-Tajrīd al-Ṣarīḥ and its author, thirdly terms which were wrongly translated, fourthly terms which were not translated accurately, fifthly terms which were not defined accurately, and sixthly terms which were not translated at all. Upon the conclusion, the researcher recommends forming a high-level committee to re-look into the translation based on the translations of Fiqh references which have been issued in the recent years
منهج المفتي محمد تقي العثماني في استعراض النوازل المالية كتاب البيوع في "صحيح البخاري" نموذجاً = The methodology of Muftī Muhammad Taqi Usmani in presenting unprecedented financial issues: Book of Sale of Ṣaḥīḥ Al-Bukhārī as a case study = Metodologi kajian Mufti Muhammad Taqi Usmani dalam membincangkan permasalahan baru dalam sistem kewangan: bab di dalam Kitab Jual-Beli Sahih Bukhari sebagai kajian kes
No full textيعتبر كتاب "الجامع الصحيح" للإمام البخاري من المصادر المهمة في المكتبة الإسلامية، وخدمه العلماء بشروح مفصلة أو تعليقات موجزة. ومن العلماء المعاصرين الذين خَدموا هذا الكتاب بالشرح والتعليق المفتي محمد تقي العثماني (مواليد ١٣٦٢ه)، الذي يعتبر من الشخصيات البارزة في الأوساط العلمية والفقهية في العالم الإسلامي، فقد أثرى المكتبة الإسلامية بكتب مفيدة في التفسير، والحديث، والفقه، والتاريخ الإسلامي. لقد صدرت للشيخ أمالٍ على "الجامع الصحيح" باسم "إنعام الباري" في ثماني مجلدات. تكمن أهمية هذه الورقة في أنها تدرس منهج المفتي العثماني في كتاب لم يُترجَم بعد إلى العربية. أمَّا الأسلوب المتبع في الورقة فهو البحث النوعي القائم على عرض ما ذكر في "إنعام الباري" وإعداد دراسة خاصة بمنهج المفتي العثماني لتساعد الباحثين وشراح الحديث في المستقبل عند خدمة كتب السنن والمسانيد. تتكون الورقة من ثلاثة مباحث. المبحث الأول: التعريف بالجامع الصحيح ومصنفه وأشهر شروحه، المبحث الثاني: التعريف بالمفتي العثماني ومؤلفاته، المبحث الثالث: منهج المفتي العثماني في النوازل الفقهية والحلول العصرية. استنتجت الورقة أن كتاب "إنعام الباري" يشكل إضافة فريدة في المكتبة الإسلامية كونه يعين طالب العلم والقارئ على ربط أحاديث "الجامع الصحيح" بمنظور عصري مع الاعتماد على التراث الفقهي المذكور في نصوص الحديث الشريف، وهناك اعتبارات عدة يأخذها المفتي العثماني في سبيل تحقيق الاجتهاد الفقهي في النوازل المالية، فمثلاً: تطبيق حكم الجواز في الحديث مع الصورة المعاصرة لتشابه الحال، وعدم سريان الحرمة لاختلاف الصورة أو الاستخدام المنشود، وتغير الأحكام بتغير الزَّمان، وعموم البلوى وفساد الذمم في هذا الزمان، وتطبيق نصِّ الحديث على النازلة، وكذلك فهم الصورة العلمية لاستنباط الحكم المذكور في الحديث الشريف.********************************
Al-Jāmiʿ al-Ṣaḥīḥ by Imām al-Bukhārī is one of the important Islamic sources which had short and detailed commentaries by many scholars. Mufti Muhammad Taqi Usmani (b. 1942) is among the contemporary scholars who contributed to explaining the book. Mufti Usmani has many books in Tafsīr, Ḥadith, Fiqh and Islamic history. His lessons on Bukhārī were published in (8) volume book tilted Inʿām al-Bārī. This paper gains its significance because it is a paper in Arabic to study Mufti Usmani’s methodology in a book which has not been translated to Arabic or English. It follows the qualitative research in presenting Sh. Usmani’s writings in Inʿām al-Bārī, the outcome will help the researchers and commentary-writers in the future while working on references in Ḥadīth. The paper comprises of (3) sections. Firstly, introduction to Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, its author and most famous commentary writers. Secondly: introduction to Mufti Usmani and his writings. Thirdly, the approach of Mufti Usmani in contemporary issues and their solutions. Overall the paper concluded that Inʿām al-Bārī represents a significant contribution to the Islamic library since it helps to corelate with contemporary issues based on juristic legacy given in the texts of Ḥadīth. Mufti Usmani makes several considerations while exercising juristic ijtihād on the financial unprecedented matters, for example: applying the permissibility ruling as given in Ḥadīth due to similarlity of cases, non-applicability of prohibition due to variance in the form or intended use, change of rulings based of changing times, spread of practice, degeneration of honesty in these times, applying text of the Ḥadīth on the unprecedented matter, and understanding the practical side to derive the ruling as mentioned in Ḥadīth.*************** Kitab Sahih Bukhari merupakan salah satu sumber rujukan Islam yang penting
dan sentiasa mendapat ulasan terperinci oleh para ulama. Mufti Taqi Usmani (d. 1942) merupakan seorang ulama kontemporari yang mempunyai sumbangan yang besar di dalam memberikan ulasan terhadap kitab ini. Mufti Usmani telah menerbitkan banyak kitab di dalam bidang Tafsir, Hadis, Fekah, dan Sejarah Islam. Penerangan beliau tentang Sahih Bukhari telah dinukilkan melalui kitab yang bertajuk Inʿām al-Bārī yang mempunyai lapan (8) jilid cetakan. Kertas kerja ini yang ditulis di dalam Bahasa Arab mempunyai kepentingan untuk meneliti Metodologi Mufti Usmani yang tidak pernah diterjemahkan kepada Bahasa Arab ataupun Bahasa Inggeris. Kajian ini menggunakan kaedah penyelidikan kualitatif dalam membentangkan penulisan Mufti Usmani di dalam Inʿām al-Bārī, dan hasilnya akan membantu para penyelidik pada masa hadapan untuk membuat rujukan di dalam Hadis. Kertas kerja ini terbahagi kepada tiga (3) bahagian. Pertama, pengenalan kepada Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, pengarangnya dan para penulis yang berwibawa di dalam pengajian hadis. Kedua: pengenalan kepada Mufti Usmani dan penulisannya. Ketiga, pendekatan Mufti Usmani dalam isu-isu kontemporari dan kaedah penyelesaiannya. Secara keseluruhan, kertas kerja ini merumuskan bahawa Inʿām al-Bārī merupakan sumbangan yang sangat berharga kepada tamadun Islam kerana ia membantu untuk menghubungkan isu-isu kontemporari bersandarkan kepada hukum yang digariskan di dalam Hadis. Mufti Usmani telah membuat beberapa pertimbangan ketika menjalankan ijtihad-ijtihad hukum di dalam kewangan yang belum pernah terjadi, sebagai contoh: meletakkan hukum Harus ke atas kes-kes yang mempunyai persamaan seperti yang dijelaskan di dalam Hadis, tiada larangan khusus untuk situasi dan keperluan yang berbeza, perubahan hukum dan ijtihad selaras dengan peredaran masa, mengakui amalan dan
praktikal semasa, kurangnya nilai kejujuran pada masa kini, mengaplikasikan maksud hadis terhadap kes-kes baru, dan memahami urusan praktikal sebelum memuktamadkan satu hukum sepertimana yang ditekankan di dalam Hadis
Fracture analysis for viscoelastic creep using peridynamic formulation
No full textThe purpose of this paper is to provide a peridynamic (PD) model for the prediction of the viscoelastic creep deformation and failure model. The viscoelastic characteristic consists of several stages, namely primary creep, secondary creep, tertiary creep and fracture. A non- linear viscoelastic creep equation based on the internal state variable (ISV) theory covering four creep stages and PD equations are used. The viscoelastic equation is inserted into the PD equation to derive a PD model with two time parameters, i.e., numerical time and vis- coelastic real time. The parameters of the viscoelastic equation are analyzed and optimized. A comparison between numerical and experimental data is performed to validate this PD model. The new PD model for nonlinear viscoelastic creep behavior is confirmed by an ac- ceptable similarity between the numerical and experimental creep strain curves with an error of 15.85%. The nonlinearity of the experimental and numerical data is sufficiently similar as the error between the experimental and numerical curves of the secondary stage strain rate against the load is 21.83%. The factors for the errors are discussed and the variation of the constants in the nonlinear viscoelastic model is also investigated
