322,938 research outputs found
Antifungal activity of triterpenoid isolated from Azima tetracantha leaves.
No full textThe present study was designed to evaluate the antifungal activity of Azima tetracantha extracts and isolated compound (friedelin) against fungi. Antifungal activity was carried out using broth microdilution method and fractions were collected using (silica gel) column chromatography. The antifungal activity of Azima tetracantha crude extracts and isolated compound (friedelin) were evaluated using the micro dilution method. Hexane extract showed some antifungal activity. The compound also exhibited antifungal activity against tested fungi. The lowest MIC against Trichophyton rubrum (296) was 62.5 microg/ml and the MIC for Curvularia lunata was 62.5 microg/ml. These results suggest that Friedelin is a promising antifungal agent
Designing façade and envelope for a high-rise residential building using energy-efficient materials: A case in Istanbul, Turkey
No full textThe construction industry is responsible for 40% of global energy demand as buildings increase heating, cooling, and lighting demand. Therefore, building energy performance has become one of the most significant subjects for the architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) industry in the last decade. The envelope of a building has an essential role in optimizing energy performance and consumption. The research objective of this study is to analyse and compare the impact of different envelope and facade materials on building energy performance for a high-rise residential building. The research methodology includes a literature review and a case study. The literature review analysed studies published between 2015 and 2021. In the literary review, 84 publications were extracted from Web of Science and Scopus databases, and the following sources were included: articles published in prominent journals, conference proceedings, thesis, scientific reports, and books. In the case study, passive strategies including building shape, orientation, insulation, window-wall ratio, and shelter were implemented in a 10-story residential building in Istanbul, Turkey. Design-Builder and EnergyPlus were used for analysing and comparing the energy performance of the different wall, insulation, and glass materials used in the building. Results demonstrate that each parameter and material has a considerable impact on the building energy performance. This study would contribute to the AEC literature and industry by comparing different envelope materials' energy performance and the proper scenario according to Turkey(Istanbul)'s climate. Policy-makers and decision-makers can benefit from the results of this research and amend the existing codes and policies for new high-rise buildings
Influence of Sporasarcina pasteurii cells on rheological properties of cement paste
No full textNowadays with the developments in the concrete materials technology, researches started to focus on highly flowable mixes with improved rheological properties. These highly flowable mixes generally require use of viscosity modifying agents (VMAs) to reduce bleeding and segregation. VMAs are water-soluble polymers that can be produced from acrylic polymers and polysaccharide-based biopolymers obtained from cellulose, starch or bacterial fermentation. Through the literature, nopal mucilage, brown algae and bacterial cell walls were proposed as alternatives to these bio-based admixtures. However, these alternatives also require extra processing which results again with a higher unit cost. This paper summarizes the rheological properties of a cement paste including bacterial cells. The main goal of this study was to investigate the influence of Sporasarcina pasteurii (S. pasteurii) cells on viscosity and yield stress of cement-based materials. The bacterial cells were directly incorporated to the mix water and influence of cells on viscosity and yield strength was evaluated by rheological tests. In addition, the influence of bacteria dosage, water to cement ratio (w/c), use of superplasticizers and fly ash on performance of biological VMA were investigated. Our results showed that the apparent viscosity and yield stress of the cement-paste mix were increased with the addition of the microorganisms. Moreover, the provided biological VMA was found to be compatible with the use of fly ash and superplasticizers depending on the w/c of cement paste.TÜBİTA
Evaluation of Anticancer Potential of Leaves And Stem of Azima Tetracantha Lam
No full textCancer is considered to be a very atrocious disease since the time man started
to imagine about therapeutics. It is one of the leading causes of morbidity and
mortality worldwide. The majority of world’s population in developing countries still
relies on herbal medicine to meet their health needs. The impact of toxicity/ ADR of
the synthetic anticancer drug also paved the way for the focus on herbal medicines.
Azima tetracantha Lam., is belonging to the family Salvadoraceae used in the Folk
medicine to treat various ailments. In the present work, the various extracts of leaves
and stem of Azima tetracantha were subjected to pharmacognostical, phytochemical
and pharmacological studies. The plant extracts were evaluated for in vitro anticancer
activity against MCF-7 cell lines using MTT assay. Based on MTT assay, the active
extract was subjected to bioactivity guided isolation by column chromatography using
hexane, chloroform and ethanol. All the fractions and isolated compounds were
evaluated for their invitro antioxidant activity and the compound that showed high
antioxidant effect on DPPH further evaluated for invivo acute toxicity studies and
spectral studies. From all the fractions tested, the more effecient fraction (IBC32)
subjected to invitro anticancer activity on various cell lines (MCF-7, HeLa and A549)
using MTT assay. Docking studies were carried out for the isolated bioactive
compound (IBC32) with various targeting enzymes such as PDB ID- 4O33, 2Y3I,
3UEN and 3ZOZ
Diffusive author(s), cohesive author: Analysis of S/N (1994)
No full textThis study indicates the ways in which various aspects of the author(s) are brought forth in Dumb type’s performance art, the S/N production. Previous research has suggested a non-hierarchical organization of Dumb type and the absence of a “privileged author” in Dumb type’s collaborative work, S/N. However, the results that I have investigated from member’s interviews on the creative process of S/N along with my analysis of the recorded images of S/N, indicate a different aspect of the author(s). First, S/N was created through, so to speak, the collective ideas of the members of Dumb type. Further, S/N has at least nine quotations from previous performances, installations, and printed writings, besides the work-in-progress technique. Explicating one of the “author functions” as given by Michel Foucault, each text has plural subjects of the author. However, it has been revealed from members’ interviews that Teiji Furuhashi had a decision-making role in selecting the members’ ideas within the performance. Since then, S/N has had plural subjects of creation; however, Furuhashi is one of the subjects of creation along with the “privileged author.” S/N has plural authors (diffusive authors) yet at the same time, it has a “privileged author,” Teiji Furuhashi (cohesive author)
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Study on anthocyanin in pigmented plants and its application in Malaysian steamed rice cake 'apam kukus' / Siti Azima Abdul Muttalib
No full textThe application of anthocyanin extract in foods is gaining interest concurrent with the adverse effect of the synthetic colourants, though the instability of anthocyanin towards multiple food processing limits the application of anthocyanin especially in high-temperature food such as 'apam kukus', a traditional Malaysian steamed rice cake. The main objectives of this study were to investigate the anthocyanin stability, colour properties, phenolic compositions and antioxidants activities of Garcinia mangostana peel, Clitoria ternatea flower, Syzygium cumini fruit and Ardisia colorata var elliptica fruit, as well as their potential application in 'apam kukus'. Antioxidant assays employed in this study were ORAC, FRAP, ABTS and DPPH radical scavenging activity assays. The results revealed that G mangostana exhibited higher in all antioxidant activities tested as well as a potent antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus niger, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis, and Staphylococcus aureus. C. ternatea exhibited moderate to low antioxidant activities but higher in colour density and indices of polymeric colour. Based on the HPLC results, the decreasing order of total phenolic acid was G. mangostana > A. colorata > S. cumini > C. ternatea; the decreasing order of total flavonoid was G mangostana > S. cumini > C. ternatea > A.colorata and the decreasing order for total anthocyanin content was G mangostana > A. colorata > C. ternatea > S. cumini. Based on the results of HPLC and LC-QTOF, cyanidin 3-glucoside, delphinidin 3-glucoside, and malvidin 3-galactoside is first time identified in A. colorata. The results showed that decreasing the extractant pH resulted in the increased in anthocyanin content and colour density (CD), however, decreased the antioxidant activities of the samples
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Profiling Glucosinolates, Flavonoids, Alkaloids, and Other Secondary Metabolites in Tissues of <i>Azima tetracantha</i> L. (Salvadoraceae)
No full textAzima tetracantha L. (needle bush; bee sting bush; Salvadoraceae) is used as a food and for various
herbal medicines in Africa, India, and Madagascar, but there is very little information on the secondary
metabolites in this species. High concentrations of N-methoxy-3-indolylmethyl-glucosinolate, a common
glucosinolate of Brassica crops such as Brussels sprouts and broccoli, were found in the roots and
seeds of A. tetracantha. Lower concentrations were detected in the stems and young leaves. The
roots also contained another indole glucosinolate that was provisionally identified, from MS data and
comparison with indole glucosinolate standards, as N-hydroxy-3-indolymethyl-glucosinolate. The roots,
stems, and leaves contained neoascorbigen (the condensation product of N-methoxy-indole-3-carbinol
and ascorbic acid). The seeds of A. tetracantha contained a complex mixture of 26 flavonoids
predominantly as glycosides and acyl-glycosides, with traces of aglycones. The core aglycones of
these flavonoids were identified as quercetin, isorhamnetin (3‘-O-methylquercetin), rhamnetin (7-O-methylquercetin), and rhamnazin (7, 3‘-di-O-methylquercetin). No flavonoids or anthocyanins were
detected in other tissues, and procyanidins were undetectable. The dimeric piperidine alkaloids
azimine, azcarpine, and carpaine were found in all tissues of A. tetracantha.
Keywords: Salvadoraceae; Azima tetracantha; indole glucosinolates; neoascorbigen; acylated flavonoids; rhamnazin; piperidine alkaloids; LC-M
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