50 research outputs found
Studies investigating the impact of select genotypes on the pharmacological effect of fenofibrate
No full textUniversity of Minnesota Ph.D. dissertation. September 2012. Major: Experimental & Clinical Pharmacology. Advisor: Dr. Robert J Straka. 1 computer file (PDF); x, 164 pages.Mixed outcomes from clinical trials that tested the effect of combining statins and fenofibrate, posed a challenge in using this antidyslipidemic medication. One significant challenge of using fenofibrate is the high inter-subject variability in lipid response, which can range from -82 to 132% for triglyceride change from baseline. This magnitude of variability suggests the involvement of non-environmental factors, such as the genetic source of the variability. We identified a genetic variation, UGT2B7 A-327G, harbored in a key metabolizing gene of fenofibrate. It was the source of a 17% differences in the percent-change of triglycerides, post-fenofibrate treatment, between UGT2B7 A-327G genotype groups. We hypothesized that this lipid response variation was due to UGT2B7 A-327G's effect on serum concentration of fenofibrate (exposure). We confirmed this hypothesis by conducting Fenofibrate and the Pharmacogenetic Impact (FPI) study, a pharmacokinetic study aimed at explicitly quantifying the effect of UGT2B7 A-327G on fenofibric acid serum concentration. Furthermore, we discovered that UGT2B7 A-327G modulated the uricosuric effect of fenofibrate in a same manner it modulated the antidyslipidemic response. We considered this as another confirmation of the importance of this genetic variation on fenofibrate's response. We also confirmed that another genetic variation, UGT1A1*28, had an effect on serum concentration of fenofibric. In contrast to UGT2B7 A-327G, UGT1A1*28 did not cause a lipid response variation. However, UGT1A1*28 did modulated the effect of fenofibrate on bilirubin level. Recognizing and quantifying the effect of these genetic variations will assist in optimizing fenofibrate treatment.Arafah, Azher. (2012). Studies investigating the impact of select genotypes on the pharmacological effect of fenofibrate. Retrieved from the University Digital Conservancy, https://hdl.handle.net/11299/141219
Problematika Puasa Arafah dan Tarwiyah
No full textThis paper examines the fasting of arafah and tarwiyah, both problematic in terms of arguments and the determination of the day, which often occurs every year. Through the study of Library Research which refers to the opinions of ulama. This study concludes that fasting arafah and tarwiyah are worship practices that have sunnah values, according to the arguments presented. As for the polemic of determining the day, it is divided into two groups. First: consider that arafah is a sign for the time when the haji “wukuf” in Arafah. And second: assume that arafah is a date (9 Zulhijjah). Both have their own basis of thinking, but the author as a researcher chooses the second opinion
Pandangan Abdul Hakim bin Amir Abdat terkait pelaksanaan puasa Arafah dalam perspektif fiqh dan astronomi
No full textPenelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh: pertama, dinamika perbedaan penetapan awal bulan dalam penanggalan Hijriah di Indonesia. Penetapan tersebut berpengaruh pada waktu pelaksanaan puasa Arafah di Indonesia hal ini dikarenakan puasa Arafah berkaitan dengan pelaksanaan wukuf di Arafah pada 9 Dzulhijjah. Kedua, terdapat perbedaan pendapat mengenai waktu pelaksanaan puasa Arafah. Perbedaan ini berangkat dari ketetapan Arab Saudi dan ketetapan yang berlaku pada negara-negara di luar Arab Saudi atau mengikuti hasil ketentuan negara masing-masing. Dalam konteks inilah Abdul Hakim bin Amir Abdat memiliki konsep tersendiri terkait waktu pelaksanaan puasa Arafah.
Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis pandangan Abdul Hakim bin Amir Abdat dengan dua rumusan masalah, yaitu: 1) Bagaimana pandangan Abdul Hakim bin Amir Abdat terkait pelaksanaan puasa Arafah?, dan 2) Bagaimana pandangan Abdul Hakim bin Amir Abdat terkait pelaksanaan puasa Arafah dalam perspektif fiqh dan astronomi?.
Jenis penelitian ini adalah kualitatif-kepustakaan sedangkan pendekatan penelitiannya yaitu scientific-cum doktriner. Sumber data berasal dari Kitab Al-Masaa’il karya Abdul Hakim bin Amir Abdat dan karya lain yang relevan. Pengumpulan data menggunakan metode dokumentasi, yaitu mengumpulkan data kepustakaan berupa kitab, buku, jurnal, tesis, disertasi yang relevan dan menelaahnya tentang masalah yang menjadi fokus penelitian. Analisis data dilakukan dengan cara reduksi data, penyajian data, dan menarik kesimpulan.
Penelitian ini menyimpulkan, pertama, Pandangan Abdul Hakim bin Amir Abdat tentang waktu pelaksanaan puasa Arafah berlandaskan pada Hadits Riwayat Muslim. Maka, Abdul berpendapat bahwa waktu pelaksanaan puasa Arafah memiliki dalil dan hujjah yang kuat. Oleh karena itu, pelaksanaan puasa Arafah berkaitan dengan waktu (9 Dzulhijjah) dan tempatnya (wukuf di Arafah). Kedua, ditinjau dalam perspektif fiqh mengenai pandangan Abdul Hakim bin Amir Abdat terkait waktu puasa Arafah menurut penulis tidak representatif. Hal tersebut dikarenakan, apabila mengacu pada sejarah bahwa pada waktu itu Nabi Muhammad SAW. telah melaksanakan puasa sunnah itu sebelum nabi menunaikan ibadah haji wada’ sehingga puasa yang dilakukan nabi sebelum beliau menunaikan ibadah haji tidak menganut kepada hari wukuf di Arafah karena pada waktu itu ibadah haji belum disyariatkan sehingga belum ada wukuf, dan pandangan Abdul Hakim bin Amir Abdat juga tidak memiliki kesesuaian apabila ditinjau dari perspektif astronomi. Hal tersebut dikarenakan adanya daerah atau wilayah tertentu yang melakukan pemberlakuan wilayah hukum (mathla’) terhadap waktu pelaksanaan puasa Arafah.
ABSTRACT:
This research is motivated by: first, the dynamics of differences in the determination of the beginning of the month in the Hijri calendar in Indonesia. This determination affects the time of implementation of the Arafah fast in Indonesia, this is because the Arafah fast is related to the implementation of standing at Arafah on 9 Dzulhijjah. Second, there are differences of opinion regarding the timing of the Arafah fast. This difference departs from the provisions of Saudi Arabia and the provisions that apply to countries outside Saudi Arabia or follow the results of the provisions of each country. It is in this context that Abdul Hakim bin Amir Abdat has his own concept regarding the timing of the Arafah fast.
This study aims to describe and analyze the views of Abdul Hakim bin Amir Abdat with two formulations of the problem, namely: 1) What are the views of Abdul Hakim bin Amir Abdat regarding the implementation of the Arafah fast?, and 2) What are the views of Abdul Hakim bin Amir Abdat regarding the implementation of the Arafah fast from the perspective fiqh and astronomy?.
This type of research is qualitative-library while the research approach is scientific-cum doctrinal. The data source comes from the Kitab Al-Masaa'il by Abdul Hakim bin Amir Abdat and other relevant works. Data collection uses the documentation method, which collects library data in the form of books, books, journals, theses, dissertations that are relevant and examines them on the issues that are the focus of research. Data analysis was carried out by means of data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions.
This study concludes, first, Abdul Hakim bin Amir Abdat's view of the time of fasting for Arafah is based on the Hadith of Muslim history. So, Abdul is of the opinion that the timing of the implementation of the Arafah fast has strong arguments and evidence. Therefore, the implementation of the Arafah fast is related to the time (9 Dzulhijjah) and the place (wukuf at Arafah). Second, from the perspective of fiqh regarding Abdul Hakim bin Amir Abdat's view regarding the fasting time of Arafah, according to the author, are not representative. This is because, if we refer to history, at the time the Prophet carried out the Hajj wada’ so that the fast was carried out by the prophet before he is performing the Hajj pilgrimage does not adhere to the wukuf day on Arafah because at that time the pilgrimage was not yet prescribed so there was no wukuf yet,and Abdul Hakim bin Amir Abdat’s view also did not mathch when viewed from an astronomical perspective. This is because there are certain areas or areas that apply jurisdiction (mathla') to the time of implementation of the Arafah fast
Pharmacogenomics: The Promising Future of Clinical Therapeutics
No full textPharmacogenomics (PGx), a rapidly evolving field at the intersection of pharmacology and genomics, has the potential to revolutionize medical practice by investigating how an individuals genetic makeup influences their response to drugs. By optimizing drug selection, dosage, and treatment strategies based on an individuals genetic profile, pharmacogenomics aims to improve therapeutic outcomes, minimize adverse reactions, and enhance healthcare efficiency. Recent advancements in high-throughput genotyping technologies and the availability of genomic data have paved the way for personalized and targeted therapies. This review highlights pharmacogenomicss fundamental principles, applications, and challenges, emphasizing its potential to transform clinical practice and patient care. The field has made significant progress in understanding the impact of genetic variants on drug response, ranging from monogenic to complex polygenic variants. However, the implementation of pharmacogenomics in public health institutions remains limited. With continuous advancements and increasing integration of genomics into medicine, pharmacogenomics is poised to play a crucial role in precision medicine, improving drug efficacy, minimizing toxicity, and driving advancements in drug discovery and development
KOMUNIKASI ANTARPRIBADI PENGAJAR DAN MURID DALAM PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN MEMBACA AL-QUR’AN DI TPA ARAFAH PEKON PODOMORO KECAMATAN PPRINGSEWU KABUPATEN PRINGSEWU
No full textABSTRAK
Komunikasi menjadi hal yang penting dalam kegiatan sehari�hari terlebih saat kegiatan belajar mengajar, hal ini akan berdampak
baik bagi komunikator maupun komunikan dalam memberikan
informasi maupun menerima informasi yang disampaikan.
Komunikasi antarpribadi disini yang dimaksud adalah komunikasi
antarpribadi pengajar dan murid yang dilakukan secara langsung atau
tatap muka dalam peningkatan kemampuan membaca Al-Qur‟an. Di
TPA Arafah pengajar selalu menggunakan komunikasi antarpribadi
dengan murid agar mempermudah kegiatan belajar mengajar serta
kemampuan kelancaran membaca Al-Qur‟an akan tetapi masih ada
beberapa murid yang belum lancar membaca Al-Qur‟an seperti murid
lainnya.
Pengajar merupakan seseorang yang akan mengajari dan
memberikan materi ilmu pengetahuan baik keagamaan maupun ilmu
pengetahuan lainnya. Murid merupakan seseorang yang akan
menerima suatu pengajaran atau materi pesan untuk menambah
wawasan serta ilmu pengetahuan. Model komunikasi mengacu kepada
tujuan agar lebih mempermudah dalam komunikasi yang telah
mencapai target atau tujuan yang ingin dicapai. Dalam hal ini model
komunikasi pun belum terjadi secara sempurna karena beberapa faktor
baik dari faktor internal maupun eksternal murid, tujuan yang
membuat peneliti tertarik karena ingin mengetahui bagaimana
komunikasi antarpribadi dan model komunikasi yang terjadi di TPA
Arafah dalam kemampuan peningkatan membaca Al-Qur‟an murid.
Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian lapangan (Field
Research) dan sifat penelitian ini adalah deskriptif. Adapun yang
menjadi sumber data dalam penelitian ini yaitu sumber data primer
dan sumber data sekunder. Sumber data primer diperoleh dari
pengajar di TPA Arafah berjumlah 6 orang, 1 pembina TPA Arafah,
dan 9 orang murid sebagai sample akhir dengan menggunakan teknik
purposive sampling, sedangkan sumber data sekunder diperoleh dari
dokumen-dokumen yang didapatkan dari TPA Arafah. Dalam
pengumpulan data penulis menggunakan metode wawancara, metode
observasi dan metode dokumentasi, dengan analisis data
iv
mengguunakan reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan
kesimpulan.
Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, 1) Proses
komunikasi antarpribadi yang terjadi oleh pengajar dan murid dalam
peningkatan kemampuan membaca Al-Qur‟an murid dilakukan secara
langsung saat proses belajar mengajar di TPA Arafah maupun
kegiatan keagamaan lainnya seperti halnya kegiatan ekstrakukiler
dilakukan secara langsung. 2) Penggunaan model komunikasi linear
atau satu arah yang dilakukan di TPA Arafah dalam menyampaikan
pesan maupun materi dari seorang pengajar kepada muridnya yang
sudah dilakukan secara langsung, dengan model komunikasi tersebut
pengajar mendapatkan respon positif dari murid demi kelancaran
pembelajaran. Dapat dilihat dari fungsi model komunikasi yaitu
melukiskan proses komunikasi, menunjukkan hubungan visual dan
membantu dalam menemukan dan memperbaiki kemacetan
komunikasi. Murid dapat memahami pesan atau materi yang
disampaikan pengajar dengan menggunakan komunikasi antarpribadi
serta model komunikasi satu arah hal ini menjadi lebih mempermudah
dalam kegiatan peningkatan kemampuan membaca Al-Qur‟an pada
murid.
Kata Kunci : Komunikasi Antarpribadi, Pengajar, Murid, Model
Komunikasi
v
ABSTRACT
In everyday activities, communication is crucial, particularly
when teaching and learning is involved. This affects both the
communicator and the communicant in terms of giving and receiving
information. Here, interpersonal communication refers to direct, face�to-face interactions between educators and students with the goal of
enhancing the students' comprehension of the Al-Qur'an. While
teachers at TPA Arafah consistently employ interpersonal
communication with students to support teaching and learning
activities as well as the capacity to read the Al-Qur'an fluently, some
students still struggle to do so.
A teacher is a person who imparts knowledge in science,
including religion and other scientific subjects. A pupil is a person
who Individuals will be given instructional or messaging materials to
broaden their understanding and expertise. The aim of the
communication model is to facilitate communication in order to reach
the desired outcome. The researchers became interested in this case
because they wanted to find out how interpersonal communication
and the communication model that occurred at TPA Arafah improved
students' ability to read the Qur'an. In this instance, the
communication model has not yet occurred perfectly due to several
factors, both internal and external to the students.
This kind of research is descriptive in character and is
conducted in the field. This study uses both primary and secondary
data sources for its data. Six teachers at the primary data source were
contacted at Using purposive sampling approaches, the final sample
consisted of TPA Arafah, one supervisor there, and nine students.
Secondary data sources were documents that were collected from TPA
Arafah. The author employed observation, documentation, and
interview techniques to gather data. Data reduction, data
presentation, and conclusion-making were the methods used for data
analysis.
The findings of the study indicate that: 1) The process of
improving students' proficiency in reading the Al-Qur'an through
interpersonal communication between teachers and students takes
place directly during the teaching and learning process at TPA
vi
Arafah; additionally, other religious activities, like extracurricular
activities, are conducted directly. 2) The transmission of
communications at TPA Arafah via a linear or one-way
communication model and information that has been directly
transferred from a teacher to pupils; by using this communication
approach, the teacher receives favorable feedback from the students,
facilitating easy learning. It is evident from the way the
communication model functions, which includes outlining the
communication process, illuminating visual links, and helping to
identify and fix communication breakdowns. Students who use
interpersonal communication and a one-way communication model
can comprehend the message or content that the teacher is trying to
convey. This facilitates the process of raising students' reading
comprehension of the Al-Qur'an.
Keywords: Interpersonal Communication, Teachers, Students,
Communication Model
Percutaneous Balloon Mitral Valvuloplasty during Pregnancy long term follow-up
No full textTo study the immediate and long-term results of percutaneous balloon mitral valvuloplasty (PBMV) in pregnant patients with severe mitral stenosis. Setting: Patient selected from cases performed at King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Patients and Methods: 17 patients with severe, symptomatic (NYHA Class I mitral stenosis were submitted to Inoue PBMV during the second trimester of their pregnancy and all were followed up for 9 to 95.3 (42.6 ± 29.4, mean ± standard deviation) months. Results: The procedure was successful in all patients. Immediately after valvuloplasty, the mitral valve area (Doppler) increased from 0.85 ± 0.19 cm to 1.96 ± 0.32 cm (P<0.0001) and the transmitral gradient decreased from 17.2 ± 6.1 to 6.5 ± 1.6 mmHg (P<O.OOO I). Three patients had mild worsening of mitral regurgitation and 4 developed insignificant interatrial communication immediately after PBMV. There was no other morbidity or mortality. All patients had uneventful pregnancy with improvement in NYHA Class. Sixteen had normal delivery and one had caesarean delivery on the 37th week. No developmental abnormalities were detected. On long-term follow-up the Doppler mitral area was 1.74 ± 0.43 cm and restenosis developed in 3 patients (17.6%). One baby died at 9 months of age of pneumonia. All other children maintained normal growth development and speech for their age. Conclusion: For pregnant women with severe mitral stenosis, PBMV provides good immediate relief of symptoms and a good long-term outcome. There were no developmental abnormalities detected during followup
of the babies.Corresponding Author:
Prof. Mohammed R. Arafah, Associate Director of King Fahad Cardiac Center
Interventional Consultant Cardiologist, Department of Medicine, King Saud University, King Fahad Cardiac Center, King Khalid University Hospital, PO Box: 2925, Riyadh 11472 Saudi Arabia.
Email: [email protected]
Catechin combined with vitamins C and E ameliorates insulin resistance (IR) and atherosclerotic changes in aged rats with chronic renal failure (CRF)
No full textAuthor: Korish, Aida A., From the Department of Physiology (29), Faculty of Medicine,
Author: Arafah, Maha M., From the Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, King Saud University,
PO Box 2925, Riyadh 11461, Saudi ArabiaAging is an inevitable biological process associated with increased oxidative stress and accumulation of asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) a known endogenous inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase. Atherosclerosis and IR constitute major risk factors for cardiovascular mortality
in elderly with chronic kidney disease (CKD). We investigated the impact of catechin, vitamins E and C supplementation on insulin sensitivity, redox state, ADMA, nitrate and nitrite (NO2 / NO3 ) levels and histological picture of heart and large blood vessels of aged rats with CRF.
Findings of the present study revealed that aging in rats is associated with hyperinsulinemia, hyperlipidemia, IR indicated by higher homeostasis model assessment (HOMA)-index, increased
lipid peroxidation product malondialdehyde (MDA), ADMA, and blood pressure (BP), but
decreased antioxidant capacity and NO2 /NO3 levels. CRF exaggerated all these findings and caused thickened intima of carotid arteries and myocardial hypertrophy. Treatment with catechin, vitamins E and C increases the antioxidant capacity and NO2 /NO3 production but, decreases
MDA, ADMA and BP levels. Also it keeps insulin sensitivity and normal intima/media thickness of carotid arteries. We conclude that decreased nitric oxide (NO) vailability due to ADMA accumulation may be responsible for IR and associated atherosclerotic hanges in aged rats with CRF. Catechin, vitamins E and C supplementation may moderate oxidative s tress of renal
Analisis Pengaruh Pembiyaan Bmt Arafah Terhadap Pendapatan Umkm.
No full textABSTRACT
This study entitled "Analysis Effect of Arafah BMT financing to UMKM in revenue Cemani Ngruki Sukoharjo" the author uses research methods Cross saction.
Data used by the author in this study are primary data obtained through direct observation and interviews in the field with a list of questionnaires and secondary data obtained from literartur, books and the Central Bureau of Statistics. From these data dignkan analysis with OLS model.
From the results of the analysis using the OLS model, with variable depeden revenue and net income, showed five variables inependen namely Equity, Asset, Workforce, Type of Financing and volume of financing, only the variable capital affect segnifikan on net income customers BMT Arafat, while the dependent variable income no significant effect on revenue.
From the results of a second analysis of this dependent variable, test Multicolinearity terdapata no problem Multicolinearity, only variables Assets, Equity, and Labor that there is a problem Multicolinearity. Heteroskidastity test showed no problem heteroscedasticity. Normality Test that ut Normal distribution. From the results of model specifications with mengfunakan Ramsy Reset showed that the linear capital.
From the results of the t test variables that have a significant influence on Net Income is variable Initial Capital. While other variables had no significant effect. While on the income variable independent veriabel no significant effect.
Based on the analysis revenue R2: 0.829055 (82.91%). Therefore it can be concluded that the five independent variables can explain the effect of variable revenue while the remaining 82.91% 18:09% described other variables. Based on the net profit on the analysis R2: 0.887766 (88.78%) Therefore, it can be concluded that the five independent variables can explain the effect of variable revenue while the remaining 88.78% 12.32% described other variables.
Keywords : Revenue, Net Income, Equity, Asset, Employment, Type of Financing, Financing Volum
Optimization of conditions to extract high quality DNA for PCR analysis from whole blood using SDS-proteinase K method
No full textAbstractIn case of studies associated with human genetics, genomics, and pharmacogenetics the genomic DNA is extracted from the buccal cells, whole blood etc. Several methods are exploited by the researchers to extract DNA from the whole blood. One of these methods, which utilizes cell lysis and proteolytic properties of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and proteinase K respectively, might also be called SDS-PK method. It does not include any hazardous chemicals such as phenol or chloroform and is inexpensive. However, several researchers report the same method with different formulas and conditions. During our experiments with whole blood DNA extraction we experienced problems such as protein contamination, DNA purity and yield when followed some SDS-PK protocols reported elsewhere. A260/A280 and A260/A230 ratios along with PCR amplification give a clear idea about the procedure that was followed to extract the DNA. In an effort to increase the DNA purity from human whole blood, we pointed out some steps of the protocol that play a crucial role in determining the extraction of high quality DNA
Menyoal Wacana Perluasan Waktu Haji (Studi Kritis atas Pemikiran MasdarFarid Mas’udi)
No full textThis article criticizes Masdar Faried Masudi’s viewed that the implementation of the pilgrimage should not be done only once, ie 9 to 13 Dzulhijjah, but can be implemented for several times within a three-month span. The view is based on the many difficulties (masyaqqah) and several tragedies that occur during the Haj season because Muslims around the world run wukuf and throw jumrah at the same time and time. The argument proposed by Masdar is the timing of the three-month pilgrimage time and the coincidence of the implementation of the pilgrimage of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) which coincided with the 9th Dzulhijjah. After the author conducted an analysis of the hadiths of the Prophet about the pilgrimage, the Prophet’s statement that Hajj was the Arafah, not a coincidence but was one of the provision of Hajj, so that anyone who performs Hajj must be present at Arafah, otherwise the Haj is not valid. Attendance on Arafah also became consessus of agreement among the scholars. Second, the three-month period is indeed an area of ijtihad. Meanwhile the views of the scholars on the specificity of the Hajj on September 9-13, in addition to the direct practice of the Prophet, are also the takhsis (specifity) of the context of the pilgrimage towards the general perspective of Qur’an, thus having a reasoned consideration rational and theological that become stronger than just a scholar’s ijtihad (independent exertion of jurist in finding solutions
