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PENGEMBANGAN MODEL LATIHAN TEKNIK MENGGIRING DAN MENGOPERDALAM SEPAKBOLA (Studi Pengembangan pada Atlet Usia 11- 12 Tahun di Kota Medan)
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ABSTRACT
The background of research was that dribbling and passing technique
practice during practicing was less varied, and the level of dribbling and passing
technique mastery was still low in athlete aged 11-12 years in Medan City. The
objectives of research were to conduct and to find out the result of requirement
analysis and to develop preliminary product, to conduct and to find out expert and
field tests, and to conduct and to find out the effectiveness test of dribbling and
passing practice model product in soccer among the athletes aged 11-12 years in
Medan City.
The research method used was Research Development one suggested by
Borg and Gall, the author adapted the research procedure into three stages: (1)
preliminary, (2) product trial, and (3) product effectiveness test.
The first result, preliminary, was the requirement analysis using interview
and observation method indicated that the dribbling and passing technique
practice during practicing was less varied, and the level of dribbling and passing
technique mastery was still low in athlete aged 11-12 years in Medan City.
Dribbling and passing practices had been administered but many athletes
particularly those aged 11-12 years had not been able to do them well. The
theoretical study consisted of soccer, the theories of dribbling and passing
technique, of physical condition to dribble and to pass, of 11-12 years
characteristics, and of practicing. This research was presented as follows: chapter
I introduction, chapter II practice to dribble and to pass, chapter III dribbling and
passing practice model and chapter IV practice program. The second stage was
product trial. The first trial was expert trial employing three soccer expert with 18
items of question with 80% result and it could be interpreted that the product
design could be developed further. The small group trial was conducted with 24
subjects using questionnaire containing 12 items. The result of small group test
was 72.70%, the large group trial was conducted with 48 subjects with the result
of 84.79%. The third stage was product effectiveness test by comparing two
groups: one was given development product treatment and another was given
conventional treatment using pre-test and post-test design. The variance score for
each group based on the test was the sum of variance score in test 1 was 69.33 for
experiment and 68.51 for control groups. The variance score in test 2 was 100 for
experiment and 73 for control groups. The variance score in test 3 was 55 for
experiment and 35 for control groups. The variance score in test 4 was 58 for
experiment and 35 for control groups. The conclusion was that the product was
evidently effective to improve the dribbling and passing ability among the athletes
aged 11-12 years in Medan City.
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Latar belakang penelitian adalahlatihan teknik menggiring dan mengoper
pada saat latihan kurang bervariasi, dan masih rendahnya tingkat penguasaan
teknik menggiring dan mengoper pada atlet usia 11-12 tahun di kota Medan.
Tujuan penelitian adalah melaksanakan dan mengetahui hasil analisis kebutuhan
dan mengembangkan produk awal, melaksanakan dan mengetahui uji ahli dan uji
lapangan, dan melaksanakan dan mengetahui uji efektivitas produk model latihan
menggiring dan mengoper dalam sepakbola pada atlet usia 11-12 tahun di kota
Medan.
Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian
pengembangan Research and Development yang dikemukakan oleh Borg dan
Gall, peneliti mengadaptasi prosedur penelitian menjadi tiga tahap yaitu: tahap 1
pendahuluan, tahap 2 uji coba produk, dan tahap 3 uji efektivitas produk.
Hasil yang pertama pendahuluan adalah analisis kebutuhan dengan
menggunakan metode wawancara dan observasi Latihan teknik menggiring dan
mengoper pada saat latihan kurang bervariasi, dan masih rendahnya tingkat
penguasaan teknik menggiring dan mengoper pada atlet usia 11-12 tahun di kota
Medan. Latihan menggiringdan mengoper sudah diberikan namun masih banyak
atlet khususnya tim usia 11- 12 tahun belum bisa melakukan teknik menggiring
dan mengoperdengan baik. Kajian teori terdiri dari sepakbola, teori tentang teknik
menggiring dan mengoper, teori kondisi fisik untuk menggiring dan mengoper,
teori karakteristik usia 11-12 tahun, teori latihan. Pengembangan produk
penyajiannya yaitu bab I pendahuluan, bab II Latihan untuk menggiring dan
mengoper, bab III model latihan mengiring dan mengoper dan bab IV program
latihan. Tahap kedua adalah uji coba produk. Uji coba yang pertama adalah uji
coba ahli dengan menggunakan tiga ahli sepakbola dengan 18 butir pertanyaan
dengan hasil 80 % dan dapat diinterpretasikan bahwa rancangan produk bisa diuji
cobakan pada tahap selanjutnya. Uji coba kelompok kecil dengan jumlah subjek
24 menggunakan instrumen angket dengan jumlah pertanyaan 12.Hasil uji
kelompok kecil adalah 72.70%.uji coba kelompok besar dengan 48 subjek dengan
hasil 84.79%. Tahap yang ketiga adalah uji efektivitas produk dengan
membandingkan dua kelompok, satu kelompok diberi perlakuan produk
pengembangan dan kelompok lain diberi perlakuan secara konfensional dengan
penggunakan pre test dan post test desain. Nilai beda untuk masing-masing
kelompok berdasarkan tes adalah: Jumlah nilai beda tes 1 kelompok eksperimen
69,33, kelompok kontrol 68,51. Nilai beda tes 2 kelompok eksperimen 100,
kelompok kontrol 73. Jumlah nilai beda tes 3 kelompok eksperimen 55, kelompok
kontrol 35. Jumlah nilai beda tes 4 kelompok eksperimen 58, kelompok kontrol
35. Sebagai simpulan akhir dinyatakan bahwa produk terbukti efektif meningkatkan kemampuan menggiring dan mengoper atlet sepakbola usia 11-12
tahun di kota Medan.
Kata kunci: Sepakbola, Model Latihan menggiring dan mengoper, Penelitian
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