1,720,957 research outputs found
Prevalence of Conduct Disorder among Elementary Students in Tehran City
No full textAbstractProblem StatementConduct disorder is serious psychopathological disorder, in terms of both the severity and adverse outcome.Purpose of StudyThe aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of conduct disorder.Research MethodsThe sample size consisted of 2016 elementary students.Frequency, percentage, and chi – square test were used for data analysis.FindingsThe results indicated that 10.5 percent of students had conduct disorder.ConclusionsAccording to the finding, conduct disorder is considerably high. This reasearch suggest that Children must receive serious attention and supports
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Mindfulness-Based Interventions for Anxiety Symptoms in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review
Get PDFIntroduction: Anxiety disorders are highly common among children and adolescents. Conventional treatments like cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) encounter accessibility and efficacy barriers, prompting interest in mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) as adaptable, cost-effective alternatives. This systematic review synthesizes evidence on the effectiveness of MBIs for anxiety in youth, examining outcomes across diverse populations and settings.
Methods: A systematic search of PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus up to November 2024, identified 28 studies meeting inclusion criteria. Data extraction included study design, population, intervention details, and outcomes, analyzed across clinical and non-clinical cohorts. Risk of bias was assessed using ROB and ROBINS-I.
Results: This review includes 28 studies from 13 countries, primarily the U.S. (n=9), Australia (n=4), and Iran (n=3). MBIs demonstrated mixed efficacy, with significant anxiety reductions in 62% of studies, particularly in clinical populations. Modified MBCT programs, such as MBCT-C showed robust effects with sustained benefits at follow-up. MBSR resulted in variable outcomes, from large reductions to non-significant changes. Longer interventions (≥12 weeks) and cultural adaptations enhanced efficacy, while school-based programs showed attenuated effects. Clinical populations showed greater improvements than non-clinical groups, likely due to higher baseline distress and structured delivery.
Conclusion: MBIs show promise for reducing anxiety symptoms, particularly when tailored to clinical needs, developmental stages, and cultural contexts. Effectiveness is moderated by intervention duration, baseline symptom severity, and adaptability
Comparison of the Effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Intervention and Pharmacotherapy on Anxiety Disorders in Children with Cancer
Get PDFBackground and Objective: Anxiety is one of the common psychological problems among children with cancer. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of mindfulness-based intervention and pharmacotherapy in managing anxiety disorders in children with cancer.
Materials and Methods: This semi-experimental study utilized a two-group pretest-posttest design. The study population included all children with cancer (aged 5 to 12 years) admitted to Imam Khomeini Hospital in Tehran in 2023. A total of 32 children were selected through convenience sampling and randomly assigned to two groups: pharmacotherapy (n=16) and mindfulness-based intervention (n=16). Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire and the Spence Children's Anxiety Scale (1998). The data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA).
Results:The findings indicated that the anxiety scores of participants in both the pharmacotherapy and mindfulness-based intervention groups significantly decreased after receiving the respective interventions (P < 0.001). Furthermore, a comparison of the effectiveness of the two interventions revealed that the mean scores for separation anxiety, social anxiety, and obsessive-compulsive disorder showed greater reductions in the pharmacotherapy group, while generalized anxiety demonstrated a more pronounced reduction in the mindfulness-based intervention group.
Conclusion:Both pharmacotherapy and mindfulness-based intervention contribute to the improvement of anxiety disorders in children with cancer. However, pharmacotherapy is more effective in reducing separation anxiety, social anxiety, and obsessive-compulsive symptoms, while mindfulness-based intervention is more effective in alleviating generalized anxiety.
 
ارزیابی اختلالات شخصیت در ورزشکاران بدنساز زن با استفاده از پرسشنامه چندمحوری بالینی میلون 3 (MCMI-III)
No full textBackground and aim: Among the various characteristics, the one that can help a person to know himself and others better is personality. Many studies have shown that athletes are more prone to personality disorders compared to the general public. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the prevalence of personality disorders in female bodybuilders.
Methods: This research was a descriptive cross-sectional study. The subjects included 100 female bodybuilders in Qarchak city of Varamin in Tehran province in 2020 with 10 active clubs in this city who were selected through available sampling. Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory (MCMI-III) questionnaire was used to collect research data.
Results: The age range of bodybuilders was 18-57 years with a mean of 32.37% and SD = 8.72. Most of the participants had a diploma. The results showed that there was a significant difference at the level of α = 0.01 between the theoretical means with the experimental means in the "hysterical" and "narcissistic" scales related to the patterns of clinical personality as well as in the "borderline" and "paranoid" scales which related to severe personality pathology. In these scales, unlike "borderline", the experimental means are higher than the theoretical average.
Conclusion: The findings showed that the prevalence of narcissistic, hysterical, and paranoid disorders in female bodybuilders was higher than expected while borderline personality disorder was lower than expected.سابقه و هدف: از میان ویژگیهای مختلف، آنچه میتواند به انسان کمک کند تا خود و دیگران را بهتر بشناسد، شخصیت است. تحقیقات بسیاری مستعدتر بودن ورزشکاران به اختلالات شخصیت را در مقایسه با جامعهی عمومی نشان دادهاند. از اینرو، هدف کلی انجام این تحقیق، بررسی شیوع اختلال شخصیت در ورزشکاران بدنساز زن بود.
روش کار: این پژوهش، از نوع توصیفی-مقطعی و زمینهیابی است. آزمودنیها شامل 100 نفر ورزشکار بدنساز زن شهر قرچک ورامین در سال ۱۳۹۹ با تعداد 10 باشگاه فعال در این شهر بود که از طریق نمونهگیری دردسترس انتخاب شدند. جهت گردآوری دادههای پژوهش، از پرسشنامه MCMI-III استفاده شد.
یافتهها: دامنهی سنی بدنسازان 57-18 سال با میانگین 32.37% و SD = 8.72 بود. بیشترین مدرک تحصیلی شرکتکنندگان دیپلم بود. نتایج نشان داد که تفاوت معنيداري در سطح α = 0.01 بين ميانگين نظري با ميانگينهای تجربي در مقیاسهای «هیسترونیک» و «خودشیفته» مرتبط با سبکهای الگوهای شخصیتی بالینی و همچنین در مقیاسهای «مرزی» و «پارانوئید» مرتبط با آسیبشناسی شخصیتی شدید وجود دارد. در مقیاسهای مذکور برخلاف «مرزی»، میانگینهای تجربی بالاتر از میانگین نظری میباشند.
نتیجهگیری: یافتهها حاکی از آن بود شیوع اختلالات خودشیفته، هیستریونیک و پارانوئید در بدنسازان زن بالاتر از حد متوسط (موردانتظار) میباشد، در حالی که اختلال شخصیت مرزی پایینتر از حد متوسط (موردانتظار) است
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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