1,720,966 research outputs found
Five-year risk of all-cause death and cardiovascular events in women with gestational diabetes and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy
Full text linkBackground: . The long-term impact of gestational complications on cardiovascular outcomes in women remains a subject of debate. Aim: To assess the 5-year risk of cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality in women with gestational diabetes and hypertension. Methods: Retrospective study utilising an health research network(TriNetX). The primary outcome was the composite risk of a cardiovascular event within 5 years with secondary outcomes being its components (all-cause death, acute heart failure, myocardial infarction, ischaemic stroke). Women were categorised into 8 different groups based on the ICD-codes for pregnancy related complications recorded 9 months before the delivery:1) gestational diabetes,2) gestational hypertension,3) gestational diabetes with gestational hypertension,4) gestational diabetes with gestational hypertension without pre-eclampsia or eclampsia,5) gestational diabetes with pre-eclampsia or eclampsia,6) gestational hypertension without pre-eclampsia or eclampsia,7) pre-eclampsia or eclampsia,and 8) no gestational complications. Cox-regression analyses were used to produce hazard ratios (HRs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CI) before and after propensity score matching (PSM). Results: We identified, 24,402 women with gestational diabetes and gestational hypertension and 920,478 without gestational complications. After PSM, compared to women without pregnancy complications, women with gestational diabetes and gestational hypertension had a higher 5-year risk of composite outcome(HR 2.25,95 %CI 2.02-2.51), all-cause death(HR 1.64,95 %CI 1.31-2.06), acute heart failure(HR 2.06,95 %CI 1.69-2.52), myocardial infarction(HR 2.46,95 %CI 1.93-3.14), and ischemic stroke(HR 2.37,95 %CI 2.06-2.74). Women who experienced pre-eclampsia or eclampsia showed the highest risk of primary and secondary outcomes. Conclusions: Gestational complications are associated with worse long-term cardiovascular outcomes. There is a clear call to action required to improve the longitudinal management of gestational complications to improve women's long-term health
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Surgically treated pelvic abscess: microbial and antimicrobial sensitivity patterns in Mulago Hospital Kampala-Uganda
No full textA thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the degree of Master of Medicine in Obstetrics and Gynaecology of Makerere University.Introduction: Pelvic abscess commonly occurs as sequelae of post-abortal sepsis, puerperal sepsis and sexually transmitted infections. Culture and sensitivity are not routinely done in Uganda to determine the microbial and antimicrobial sensitivity patterns in Pelvic abscess. Objective: This study was undertaken to determine the microbial and antimicrobial sensitivity patterns in Pelvic abscess in Mulago Hospital, Kampala Uganda. Methods: A case series study where forty patients with pelvic abscess who underwent exploratory laparotomy were recruited. Pus samples were taken at surgery for culture and sensitivity. Results: The micro-organisms isolated were E. coli (32.5%), Staphylococcus aureus (22.5%), Enterococcus (12.5%), Coagulase negative staphylococcus (10%) and others. The organisms were sensitive to meropenem, vancomycin, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, amikacin and cloxacillin. Conclusion and recommendation: Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus are the common organisms isolated from pelvic abscess in Mulago hospital. The first line of treatment is a combination of ciprofloxacin with either gentamicin or amikacin or cloxacillin. However the best drug combination is meropenem and vancomycin and is reserved until culture and sensitivity results are available to avoid misuse
Using ultrasonography, laboratory blood tests and maternal characteristics to predict Pre-eclampsia and adverse pregnancy outcomes at St. Mary’s Hospital Lacor, Northern Uganda
Full text linkA thesis submitted to the directorate of Research And Graduate Training in fulfillment of the requirements for the award of a Degree Of Doctor Of Philosophy Of Makerere University.Background: Preeclampsia causes 12% to 19% of maternal deaths in Uganda. Complications include preterm birth, stillbirth and low birth weight. Early diagnosis and timely delivery improve pregnancy outcomes. Nevertheless, due to poor infrastructure in northern Uganda, early prediction and diagnosis with eventual treatment may save lives. Therefore, we set out to predict pre-eclampsia and adverse pregnancy outcomes using maternal history, laboratory characteristics and uterine artery Doppler indices in northern Uganda.
Methods: This prospective cohort study recruited 1,285 pregnant mothers at 16-24 weeks. Participants' history, physical findings, blood tests (full haemogram, renal and liver function) and uterine artery Doppler indices were recorded. One thousand four (1,004) enrolled pregnant mothers had complete delivery records. Preeclampsia, preterm birth, stillbirth and low birth weight were the desired outcomes. We built models in RStudio for predicting preeclampsia, preterm birth, stillbirth and low birth weight.
Statistical analysis: t-tests, Mann-Whitney tests and Pearson’s chi-square were used to compare means, medians, and proportions, respectively. We calculated incidences of low birth weight at term, pre-eclampsia, preterm birth and stillbirth. We identified from maternal history, physical examination, uterine artery Doppler indices and blood tests, maternal risk factors for preeclampsia, preterm birth, stillbirth and low birthweight at term using the logistic regression models in RStudio. We re-processed the data using the ROSE package to produce synthetic data (test data) to evaluate the (original) model performance and validated the models using K-fold cross-validation. We weighed each variable contribution in the prediction model.
Results: The incidence of pre-eclampsia, preterm birth, stillbirth and low birth weight at term were 4.3%, 11.6%, 2.5% and 5.7%, respectively. The predictors of these adverse pregnancy outcomes were Maternal age ≥ 35 years, nulliparity, personal history of preeclampsia, tertiary level of education, BMI ≥ 26.5Kg/m2, diastolic hypertension, bilateral end-diastolic notch, lateral placental location, serum GGT ≥30 IU, serum ALT 12 – 49 IU, white blood cell count ≥ 11,000 cells/µl, lymphocyte count of 800-4000 cells/µl, haemoglobin level ≥ 12.1g/dL and serum ALP <98 IU.
The models had a good fit if McFadden's pseudo-R2 was between 0.2–0.4. Maternal history, laboratory tests and uterine artery Doppler sonography predicted pre-eclampsia with 84.9% AUC and McFadden’s pseudo-R2 of 0.30. The variables with weights up to ≥6.0 predicted adverse pregnancy outcomes by ≥60% AUC and ≥ 50% accuracy.
Conclusion: The prediction models for preeclampsia had AUC of 71.4% to 84.9%. Since the patients present to prenatal clinics with different predictors, the variable weights adding up to ≥6.0 predicted adverse outcomes by ≥60% AUC. These may help to develop prenatal screening tools for preeclampsia in Uganda. We recommend incorporating the prediction of preeclampsia into prenatal care and strengthening the referral pathways for those found to be at risk.1. Makerere University SIDA bilateral research agreement
2. Gulu Universit
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